Urban Planning
Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi; Kioumars maleki
Abstract
The city is not only a collection of buildings, but a phenomenon beyond a building complex. Therefore, a city cannot be considered unique only in the collection of buildings. One of the dangers that threaten many cities in the world is earthquakes. Earthquake has long been one of the most dangerous natural ...
Read More
The city is not only a collection of buildings, but a phenomenon beyond a building complex. Therefore, a city cannot be considered unique only in the collection of buildings. One of the dangers that threaten many cities in the world is earthquakes. Earthquake has long been one of the most dangerous natural hazards and has a high risk. Earthquake risk is an expected damage that will cause damage to elements of society or the environment. For this reason, the protection of the city against earthquakes cannot be considered only in retrofitting and building earthquake-resistant buildings. The connection of the northwest of the country has been done after obtaining the opinions of experts in earthquake and passive defense and urban planning, the necessary investigations and analyzes were carried out using Vikor and TOPSIS fuzzy models, and the result of the model was shown using GIS software as a vulnerability map of the display areas. has been given and finally, areas 2, 3, 7, 4, Tabriz metropolitan municipality with less vulnerability and areas 10, 5, 1, 9, 6 and 8 located in the northeastern and northern areas of the city have been identified as unsuitable and critical. and the causes of vulnerability were expressed and solutions to control vulnerability were presented using data and matching the results of models.
Geomorphology
Seyyed Asadallah Hejazi; Masoumeh Rajabi; Asma Sharbaf Behtash
Abstract
Introduction Tourism is one of the activities that demand for it is increasing. Tourism as a non-smoking industry, has less destructive environmental impacts but for some, tourism is an important threat to cultural and biological diversity. This idea caused the concept of sustainable tourism development ...
Read More
Introduction Tourism is one of the activities that demand for it is increasing. Tourism as a non-smoking industry, has less destructive environmental impacts but for some, tourism is an important threat to cultural and biological diversity. This idea caused the concept of sustainable tourism development and the forms of alternative tourism to be raised. For this reason, the development of ecotourism as a form of alternative tourism is essential for achieving the goals of sustainable tourism development. Identifying and planning the suitable ecotourism areas as an effective tool and solution can play an essential role in sustainable tourism development. Although Iran has a variety of natural attractions, but it hasn't been able to make good use of this advantage. One of the most suitable ecotourism areas in Iran and East Azerbaijan Province is the Northern Slopes of Bozghoush Mountains. This area has a lot of natural attractions such as high peaks, numerous hot springs and green spaces which can be a destination for hiking, adventure tourism, ski, water therapy and leisure activities. In spite of such attractions, none of these activities is known in the real sense; on the other hand, comprehensive planning has not been done in this area. Although several tourists go to the northern slopes of Bozghoush Mountain in spring and summer but there isn't any suitable infrastructures in this area. This indicates the necessity of investigating in this region and the main thing for encouraging investors is identifying, prioritizing and informing them. Such actions lie in the context of scientific research. So far, several studies has been done on geomorphology and geology of this region but there hasn't been any study to identify suitable ecotourism areas. The present study has aimed to reach this goal. The goal of this study is identifying the ecotourism capabilities of the northern slopes of Bozghoush Mountain using Vikor technique in order to identify the most suitable areas for ecotourism activities. Methodology The research method of this study is descriptive-analytical and in terms of purpose, it is practical. In order to achieve the research goals, the most important criteria of site selection for mountaineering, hiking and ski was identified by library research and expert survey, and then the weight of each criteria was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the following, in order to integrate layers in ArcGIS, VIKOR method has been used. To determine the final weight of the criteria, a questionnaire was designed and it has been filled by 30 experts. The experts were familiar with both the AHP method and the features of study area. Five questionnaire were corrupted and 25 of them were valid. The hierarchy structure was formed in the Expert Choice. Then the data obtained from questionnaire which was a pairwise comparison, was added to the software. In the following, in order to integrate layers in ArcGIS, VIKOR method has been used. Finally, by overlaying the maps of mountaineering, hiking and ski, the most suitable areas of ecotourism was determined. Conclusion The northern slopes of Bouzghoush Mountain located in East Azerbaijan Province have high ecotourism potential, which allows tourists to do activities such as mountaineering, hiking and ski. In the present study, in order to site selection and prioritize the ecotourism areas, the activities were divided into three types and evaluated by Vikor technique. Various criteria were selected by literature review and weighted in Expert choice using AHP method. Finally maps of mountaineering, hiking and ski were obtained and by overlaying the maps, the final map of suitable ecotourism areas was achieved. The results show that in terms of suitable site selection of ecotourism, 15.43 percent of area is in very suitable condition, 35.52 percent in suitable condition, 39.91 percent in average condition and 9.14 percent in unsuitable condition. The most suitable area covers the hot springs of Asbforoushan and Allah Hagh, as well as Jelda Bakhan and Ardeha villages. These sites tops the list of priorities for development.
Climatology
Behrouz Sobhani; Mohammad Framarzi
Volume 20, Issue 56 , August 2016, , Pages 171-191
Abstract
Crop production ability and its potential are significantly up to climate, topography and land use which are the most important environmental factors. In this study, using climatic data such as temperature, precipitation, number of frost days, sunny hours and relative humidity related to phonology steps ...
Read More
Crop production ability and its potential are significantly up to climate, topography and land use which are the most important environmental factors. In this study, using climatic data such as temperature, precipitation, number of frost days, sunny hours and relative humidity related to phonology steps of saffron growing, Also ground resource data such as topography, land use layers which are prepared by Landsat 8 satellite imagery dated 14/5/2013. Evaluating each of these parameters have been taken in relation to the climate and ecology needs of saffron. Information layers of them were prepared by adjusting data to the surface, and processing them by GIS technology. Multi-criteria decision analysis methods (MCDM), based on vikor were used in order to prioritize and evaluate information layers and their weights in connection with each other. Then layers were weighted based on the criteria and subject model also these layers were overlapped and analyzed in GIS environment. Consequentially, the final layer of land suitability was prepared for saffron cultivation. In this study, 10.23, 45.25 and 45.52 percent of the total area are good, average and weak suitability lands respectively. According to this research, vikor method can have an acceptable function over selecting the fitness values for each class.
Seyedali Alavi; Mahammad Molayee Ghelich; Hadi Javadzad Aghdam; Bahman Najafpour
Volume 19, Issue 51 , April 2015, , Pages 247-266
Abstract
The city as part of a hierarchy of spatial systems and divisions of political-geographical in each country based on various criteria such as type of governance, management, knowledgement, social interest and public participation in decision-making system is formed. Since each element can be defined within ...
Read More
The city as part of a hierarchy of spatial systems and divisions of political-geographical in each country based on various criteria such as type of governance, management, knowledgement, social interest and public participation in decision-making system is formed. Since each element can be defined within functional features, so according to different roles that is defined in the subsystems of urban systems, can be identified by a variety of constituting components of the system. According to the role of urban management as system of control and guidance of urban in metropolises, can be named the elements mentioned under the management of municipal areas as elements of urban systems. On the other hand, the extent and distribution of metropolises are needed to balance in the volume of operations with it. The purpose of this research is spatial priority of integrated urban management system in districts of Tehran to solve the problems of urban management. Method of research is descriptive-analytic. To achieve the goal of research is used multi-criteria decision making models such as AHP and VIKOR for ranking of districts of Tehran. Results of the research show that among the urban districts of Tehran, district 6 is one of the most problem areas. Subsequently, is located the regions of 2 and 14. Also The results show that regions 8, 16 and 22 have fewer problems than other areas. Finally, spatial analysis for prioritizing of integrated urban management system in study area has been studied and suggestions are presented.
