Mitra Amini; Hasan Lashkary; Mostafa Karampour; Zahra Hojaty
Volume 17, Issue 43 , October 2013, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
The aim of present study is the synoptic analysis of systems having by heavy precipitation on the Kashkan basin. After study of 34-years statistics from stations for basin and its environments three storms by maximum precipitation were selected. The results of study of weather maps, humidity, earth surface ...
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The aim of present study is the synoptic analysis of systems having by heavy precipitation on the Kashkan basin. After study of 34-years statistics from stations for basin and its environments three storms by maximum precipitation were selected. The results of study of weather maps, humidity, earth surface pressure difference and 850 hPa of 48 hours before and after storms, showed that with regard to the fact that three selected storms have out of heavy storms during statistics period occurred in various seasons of the year, their generating system was equal and Sudan-Mediterranean merger system pattern generated maximum precipitation. Synoptic conditions in three chosen storms are: 1-High pressure over Europe northwest and influx of the cold weather in higher latitudes toward low pressure that is situated in east Mediterranean, 2-Sudan low pressure nutrition and motion toward northeast. 3-Days that maximum precipitation has occurred in the basin. These low pressure systems are merged with each other in east of Iraq, and high pressure situated on east of Iran with influx of cold weather over Oman and Arab seas on the one hand and presence of anticyclone in Arabia have caused humidity transfer inside low pressure system situated over west of Iran and generated maximum precipitation.
Rahim Bardianamoradnejad; Esa Jokar sarhangi
Volume 17, Issue 44 , September 2013, , Pages 1-26
Abstract
This research tries to typify the urban centers which experienced a more unbalanced growth in the recent 40 years. The main approach of the present paper is analytical-genetic and is based on the data which have been collected from the statistical center of Iran. The cities have been classified in four ...
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This research tries to typify the urban centers which experienced a more unbalanced growth in the recent 40 years. The main approach of the present paper is analytical-genetic and is based on the data which have been collected from the statistical center of Iran. The cities have been classified in four groups between 1966 to 2006. The results revealed that these cities comprise about 70% of the urban population and had grown by number and share of population. There is a steady growth from 1966 to 1986 and it gradually decreases to the recent years. The main factors of urban population growth for the early centuries have been physical as it had a crucial role to the Iranian urban population distribution in the country, but in the recent decades the human factors such as economic and demographic policies impacted the growth and distribution of the urban population. Islamshahr with 12.91 % average growth had the highest level and the satellite cities of Tehran such as Qods, Melard, Qarchak and Pakdasht in the outskirt of Tehran place in other levels due to absorption of the overspill population of the capital. Some cities like Masjedsolaiman and Abadan experienced very low and negative growth
Mehri Azani; Mouhamad reza Abbasi
Volume 16, Issue 42 , March 2013, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
From the past to now, plants and green spaces have been one of the fundamental needs in human's life especially with relation to nature. These plants and green spaces have showed their importance in physical and spiritual human life more and more with extension of cities, urbanization and increasing ...
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From the past to now, plants and green spaces have been one of the fundamental needs in human's life especially with relation to nature. These plants and green spaces have showed their importance in physical and spiritual human life more and more with extension of cities, urbanization and increasing pollutants level originated from human activity. The distribution of green space is one of the principles of geographical justice implementation in sustainable urban development by considering balanced population distribution. The main purpose of this study is an analysis of the position of green space in different regions of Shiraz city in relation to population distribution by considering sustainable development approach. The methodology of this study is based on functional purpose and descriptive-case nature in which we used entropy coefficient and convention Koyck model to find imbalance of population disperse in regions of Shiraz city and its direct relation with urban green space distribution. It can be referred to imbalanced urban green space in relation with population distribution in regions of Shiraz (1987-2007) based of Williamson index as one of the results of this study.
Isa Ebrahimzadeh; Mostafa Sayedi
Volume 16, Issue 41 , November 2012, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
On of the problems related to the Metro police are the informal settlement the shortage of the land for making structures in high cost against the fast rate of population rise an highly, the increasing rate of the application for house in city caused to law access of popular larger of people and middle ...
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On of the problems related to the Metro police are the informal settlement the shortage of the land for making structures in high cost against the fast rate of population rise an highly, the increasing rate of the application for house in city caused to law access of popular larger of people and middle ones to the land and house market and it increased the non suitable structure making in informal suburbs of the city. The Shater Abad in Kermanshah unfavorable structure making and is including the non suitable spatial texture, high density, unfavorable city environment, are some problems containing the Shater Abad in this study the social, economic and physical variables in appearance informal settlement in Shater Abad and effects have been investigated, the results of this research is representing the appearance of Shater Abad, analyzing the regression technique the effectiveness coefficient related to each parameters character according to obtained results from the (R.A.M) demonstrated which two series of parameters including the primary possession immigration reason, being or not immigration and before occupation and factors after the immigration, including the person job, possession document, settlement reason, permission for making (establishment), and income, have the most effectiveness. In general, with computing the coefficient of element effects and different variables and contrasting them from each other characterized that these to factors was 57.5 % and 42.5% affective in the appearance of Shatter Abad so, if the planners and policy makers are solving the problems initiated from the informal settlement in cities they should research their roots in the effective factor before immigrating and in rural, the problems related to the informal settlement in cities.
Maryam Bayati Khatibi; Fariba Karamy
Volume 16, Issue 40 , September 2012, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Soil erosion is a serious problem, due to progressive arid condition and incorrect management on the eastern slopes of Sahand Mt. Many parameters are aggravating soil erosion in this study area and in catchment scale. Soil is under intensive water erosion as a semi arid area on the slopes of Sahand (NW ...
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Soil erosion is a serious problem, due to progressive arid condition and incorrect management on the eastern slopes of Sahand Mt. Many parameters are aggravating soil erosion in this study area and in catchment scale. Soil is under intensive water erosion as a semi arid area on the slopes of Sahand (NW of Iran).The traces of this erosion has become apparent with the shapes of surface disturbances and gullies and rills in agricultural and grazing lands. In order to investigate causes and factors of water erosion and defining risky lands, we used USLE model and GIS techniques. In this article water erosion and susceptible land erosion, were analyzed using topographic factors, landuse, and precipitation and soil type. The results of study suggested that length and gradient of slope is play important role in erosion processes. In study area, the pattern and type of erosion is defined by length. In some parts of the area where length of slope is increased, depth of gullies is also increased. In addition, when silt composition is increased, linear erosion is also aggravated. The zoning map shows that slopes toward flood plains have very high potential for water erosion.
Isa Ebrahimzadeh; Jafar Karimi
Volume 16, Issue 39 , May 2012, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Using biological indicators of climatic comfort or Bioclimatic in different geographical areas can help the planning of ecotourism attractions. Binding to peripheral areas used for leisure. In this paper, using data from meteorological stations adjacent to wetlands Gavkhuny including Isfahan, Isfahan ...
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Using biological indicators of climatic comfort or Bioclimatic in different geographical areas can help the planning of ecotourism attractions. Binding to peripheral areas used for leisure. In this paper, using data from meteorological stations adjacent to wetlands Gavkhuny including Isfahan, Isfahan East, Kbautarabad, Bafq and Yazd, during the years 1975 to 2005, conditions of human comfort model based on climatic and environmental factors (Baker, Terjung, stress, Thermo-hygrometric) has been analyzed. The results of this paper to analyze the findings indicate that the climate is cool to hot conditions. Months of May and September, the day and night for comfort climate and the month of June, July and August have a relatively favorable conditions in spring and summer, the planning and operation of tourism are important. Now we plan to develop ecotourism in wetland basins Gavkhuny results of this study can be used. He said that May and September are very suitable for travel Gavkhuny wetlands.
Karim Hosainzadeh Dalir; Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi; Seyed Majid Seyed Fatemi
Volume 16, Issue 38 , February 2012, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
In different countries, new towns are constructed based on necessity and their functions. Nowadays, making new towns is not of course performed with the aim of realizing the notion of ideal habitation or Utopia, rather decentralization of large cities is its purpose and main goal. Nonetheless, this topic ...
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In different countries, new towns are constructed based on necessity and their functions. Nowadays, making new towns is not of course performed with the aim of realizing the notion of ideal habitation or Utopia, rather decentralization of large cities is its purpose and main goal. Nonetheless, this topic is differently viewed in Iran in comparison with other countries, and its utility and function in Iran is not the same as the real purpose of making new towns in the world. This article studies the country’s population variations in recent decades and considers urban system of the country. It also analyzes the activities of new towns in recent years and eventually argues the necessity to make new towns in Iran. The agreement of this strategy with alternative ones, especially with the strategy of middle cities reinforcement, is argued as well.
Alireza Ildoromi
Volume 16, Issue 37 , November 2011, , Pages 1-33
Abstract
The watershed area of Ekbatan dam with an area equal to 22155 ha has located in the northern front of Alvand mountainous in Hamadan province and in a distance of 10 km from Hamadan. In this area landslides have a very specific morphological role and have caused the bareness of the skirts. According to ...
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The watershed area of Ekbatan dam with an area equal to 22155 ha has located in the northern front of Alvand mountainous in Hamadan province and in a distance of 10 km from Hamadan. In this area landslides have a very specific morphological role and have caused the bareness of the skirts. According to the field examinations and air photography seven cases of land slides have been registered which had specific dispersion in the region. Examinations show that most of the landslides are shallow and over the surface. Collection of surface sediments mostly of sands and gravels in some regions specially depositing pits which are suitable places for the creation of slides. Increase in the stress and increase in the cut stability under different factors cause increasing cuts and land slides in the said pits. Quantity analysis of the slides through morpho metric indicators such as depth indicator, expansion, narrowness, displacement etc. are the representatives of surface slides. Almost all of the landslides in the region are in equilibrium which show the main part of the stable materials from the first site. The increased amount of D/L ratio represents the side expansion and the width change shape of the materials and the estimation of L/D, W/D, and L/W show the direct effect of the slope in creation of landslides. Results showed that changes in the length of slides have been severe and it is more severe in case of length change which with characteristic represents a surface equal to 26668.76 2m and a volume equal to 60517.7 3m, which shows a surface equal or more that 44 cm. In the level of the region they are erupted through the landslides. Therefore slides have an important role in displacement of the materials in the skirts and creating stability and also by creating sediment and leaving it to the rivers of dam region causes the transition and gathering of sediments in the dam and reduction of the Ekbatan dams life.
Roya Ale Omran; Hossein Panahi; Zahra Kabiri
Volume 17, Issue 45 , November 2013, , Pages 1-26
Abstract
This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, carbon emissions, energy consumption and employment ratio in Iran using autoregressive distributed lag model. Empirical results for Iran over the period 1971-2007 suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between ...
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This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, carbon emissions, energy consumption and employment ratio in Iran using autoregressive distributed lag model. Empirical results for Iran over the period 1971-2007 suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at 5% significance level in Iran. The estimated income elasticity of carbon emissions per capita is 0.40 and the income elasticity of energy consumption per capita is 0.71. Results for the existence and direction of Granger Causality show the neither carbon emissions per capita nor energy consumption per capita cause real GDP per capita in the short run. In addition EKC hypothesis at causal framework by using a logarithmic model is not valid in Iran case. The overall results indicate that energy consumption and controlling carbon dioxide emission are likely to have no adverse effect on the real output growth of Iran.
Abolghasem Amirahmadi; Nasim Maali Ahari; Tayebeh Ahmadi
Volume 17, Issue 46 , February 2014, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
Ardebil plain, an area of approximately 1097.23 km2 in geographic coordinates of 38˚ 5¢ to 38˚ 27¢ north latitude and 48˚ 9¢ to 48˚ 37¢ eastern longitude, is a valley plain. During recent years, groundwater has been stuck with eye drops. This article reviews the changes occurred ...
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Ardebil plain, an area of approximately 1097.23 km2 in geographic coordinates of 38˚ 5¢ to 38˚ 27¢ north latitude and 48˚ 9¢ to 48˚ 37¢ eastern longitude, is a valley plain. During recent years, groundwater has been stuck with eye drops. This article reviews the changes occurred in the volume of water aquifer and the rate of decline in groundwater in the plain out of the data from wells by using the software ArcGIS, piezometers maps and drop zone in the area under study. Graphical maps showed that the highest rate of water loss has occurred in the southeastern region. The zoning plan was provided, and it showed that 14% of the drop zone area was in the high plains, 29.73% in the high zone, and 26.6% in the intermediate zone, 17.38% in the low zone and 12/29% of the drop zone are low. The results indicate that the aquifer is in a critical condition in Ardebil. To explore the possible future subsidence, affecting layers included: precipitation, slope, hydrology, lithology, geomorphology, soil, vegetation and human factors extracted from maps and combining layers in GIS. map projections drop of water method were developed in the future using underground Co-Kriging point. The results showed that it is most likely that in the future Ardebil method subsidence would occur due to excessive removal of groundwater resources in the south east will and human activity in the west plains subsidence are the second risky factor.
zeinab Bahrami; Shahram Roostaei
Volume 18, Issue 47 , April 2014, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
During the last two decades, a lot of efforts in different grounds have taken for completing and developing of geomorphological inheritances. One of the natural attractions of Lorestan Province is beautiful Pole-dokhtar wetlands which define as a geomorphologic tourist place. This area is located at ...
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During the last two decades, a lot of efforts in different grounds have taken for completing and developing of geomorphological inheritances. One of the natural attractions of Lorestan Province is beautiful Pole-dokhtar wetlands which define as a geomorphologic tourist place. This area is located at 47˙, 42’ of eastern longitudes and 33˙, 5’ of northern latitude, and at height 735 m from sea level. Evaluation of scientific value and additional value methods are used in order to evaluate of landforms in geomorphosite of Pole-dokhtar wetlands. In this study, besides a complete analysis of this place according to scientific, economic, ecologic, aesthetic and historical values, a relation was caused between geomorphology and other natural phenomena. After the explanation of the purposes of evaluation methods and identification of the features of Pole-dokhtar wetlands, the results of this study showed that the scientific and aesthetic value of this location is at the first place than other criteria. While the economic value of this place receive the lowest rate. The existence of such a situation Indicate lack of identification of this place, Lack of coordination between planners, Poor management of related organizations and inadequate knowledge in the field of geotourism that led to the Lack of economic development.
Akbar Asghari Zamani
Volume 18, Issue 48 , June 2014, , Pages 1-16
Abstract
Open spaces play an important role in reducing the amount of work and the results of natural and artificial disasters. The main function of it, in the time of earthquake, is separation of one area with potential risk from another, and thus prevents the development of chains of events and focused of activity ...
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Open spaces play an important role in reducing the amount of work and the results of natural and artificial disasters. The main function of it, in the time of earthquake, is separation of one area with potential risk from another, and thus prevents the development of chains of events and focused of activity of destructive forces. This study shows that open spaces within the city of Tabriz can be divided in to four main categories as urban green spaces, arid lands, urban gardens and farms within city limits in which open spaces can be effective in reducing losses from earthquakes and play important role to optimal management of crises in various stages of crises caused by the earthquake. Results show that all open spaces in urban area of Tabriz, including aforementioned 4 categories have an areas of about 11722 ha, the level of which is equivalent to 47% of the total surface area of Tabriz. Analytical results of this study show two major subjects; the first however, from the perspective of quantity compared with other cities open spaces seems a little too common but it should be noted that the distribution of these spaces in different parts of Tabriz is very heterogeneous. Secondly, most of the aforementioned levels include arid lands (7158 ha) and form land (3592 ha) in located in the outlying areas of city of Tabriz.
Khodarahm Bazzi; Masoomeh Vahdaty
Volume 18, Issue 49 , November 2014, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Form and pattern of urban growth is a sign of growth and spread in variety stages and environment. This is related to social, economical, natural and human factors. This has a different pattern and had influencing to above factors, special social and economical factors. This article studies evaluation ...
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Form and pattern of urban growth is a sign of growth and spread in variety stages and environment. This is related to social, economical, natural and human factors. This has a different pattern and had influencing to above factors, special social and economical factors. This article studies evaluation of urban growth compression and sprawl rate and its effects to increasing of household’s costs. Research method is analytic- survey and based on documents and questionnaires, data and information are consisting of indicators and criteria such as; area, population and density with use Holdren and Moran coefficient models. These data particularly urban journeys had tested to Chi Square and related to assessment of urban growth compression and sprawl rate in Bojnourd. In this research after of concluded of growth pattern and sprawl rate, studied three neighborhoods in three textures in Bojnourd. Results show urban sprawl in continuation stages with 46% in recent decade comparison to other decades. This process increased of automobile use and increased household’s economical costs.
Ahmad Asadzadeh; Davood Behbudi; صارمی Saremi
Volume 19, Issue 51 , April 2015, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
Abstract
Given the increasing demand for recreation places, it is appropriate to use social and economic analysis to study peoples’ demand for the provision of recreational facilities in any region. Kandovan is a tourist attraction and a historical village located on the south of Tabriz. The estimation ...
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Abstract
Given the increasing demand for recreation places, it is appropriate to use social and economic analysis to study peoples’ demand for the provision of recreational facilities in any region. Kandovan is a tourist attraction and a historical village located on the south of Tabriz. The estimation of the recreational value of Kandovan village is useful in predicting needs, meeting requirements and development of tourism in the region. The research method is based on using maps and collecting data about socio-economic characteristics of visitors and travel cost associated with the visits. The data were collected by questionnaires and interviews with 124 visitors. The results revealed that the amount of travel cost was negatively related to the number of visitors, 82 percent of visitors were willing to pay the entry fee to the village. The average willingness to pay was 26570 Rials and the recreational value of Kandovan was estimated to be 3295000 Rials.
Urban Planning
najma Esmaeelpour; farzaneh Dasta; samaneh Iraji
Volume 19, Issue 52 , June 2015, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Library is a very significant center for transferring information and it has an important role in improving peoples’ knowledge and awareness. However, due to some external and internal factor some libraries have a lot of applicants while some have few ones. One of the most important and useful ...
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Library is a very significant center for transferring information and it has an important role in improving peoples’ knowledge and awareness. However, due to some external and internal factor some libraries have a lot of applicants while some have few ones. One of the most important and useful external factors on the number of the applicants in the public libraries is the location and geographical distribution of them in the city texture. Accordingly this article is going to analyze the spatial distribution of public library in Yazd by using software like GIS, Excel, SPSS and descriptive-analytic methods Entropy and Gini index are used for evaluating balanced distribution, Moran and Gary index used for public libraries’ scattering and general G index used for their kinds of concentration based on techniques related to spatial auto-correlation. “The nearest neighborhood” method is used for determining the kind of public libraries’ distribution and numerical Taxonomy method used for investigating the number of different areas in the city which have this service. Necessary data such as libraries’ maps, eight-side district of Yazd and related information are gathered by library method. The results show that there are some imbalances and disparity in the distribution of libraries’ in Yazd. Also, their distribution and concentration model is random or scattered with low concentration (cold spot) which expresses the fact that areas with less availability are located close to each other. In addition, different areas do not have the same facilities in their public libraries and 3-2 district has the most facilities while 1-3 districts have the least ones.
Climatology
Mohamad Reza Aphsharei Azad; Halea Pouraky
Volume 19, Issue 53 , September 2015, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Rivers across the nation in terms of conservation, utilization and development of as well as quantitative and qualitative evaluation of favorable river conditions for fish to be used. This study is analysis of factors that is necessary to apply physiographic models of river which have role on topology ...
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Rivers across the nation in terms of conservation, utilization and development of as well as quantitative and qualitative evaluation of favorable river conditions for fish to be used. This study is analysis of factors that is necessary to apply physiographic models of river which have role on topology of stations of fish culture(salmon), in addition to factors which have been used currently in this field, Sham rood river has been studied in terms of physiography. Results of survey among various factors are indicating importance of physiography of studied location that is usable for constructing workshops of fish culture; Sham rood river is regarding to biologic and frequency indices, its potential power to produce fish is 348 kg.hec. This production is high since Farvardin until Shahrivar and then Khordad has highest amount of fish production. Effective factors include physiographic patterns such as area and perimeter, form of basin, height, inclination, and direction of inclination. These results in analysis of future procedures show condition of topology of fish culture pools' construction and physical and mechanical elements of fish culture such as PH of water, velocity of water flow, light effect, degree of water turbid, suspension solids, solidity of water, electric conduction of water (EC), chemical materials, water salinity, rate of required water show biological factors. Finally, check the condition of steep mountainous watersheds for fish with cold water and put the channel maps, political spots, lithology, slope, aspect factors needed to put them together with the salmon farming appropriate the construction of stations and half fish and unfavorable conditions for fish and plant construction has been determined ..
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
Abbas Amini; Tayyebe Zahedei
Abstract
Abstract
Iran''''s rural economy has a decisive role in the whole community for various reasons such as food security and export production supplying, contribution in GDP and value added. As well, it is highly responsible to create the occupation and income opportunities for the rural communities and ...
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Abstract
Iran''''s rural economy has a decisive role in the whole community for various reasons such as food security and export production supplying, contribution in GDP and value added. As well, it is highly responsible to create the occupation and income opportunities for the rural communities and organize the socio-economic situations in rural areas. This study purposes to assess the floriculture impacts, as a relatively new farming activity in the Lalehzar district rural community of Bardsir township in the Kerman province. Statistical population is rural resident households in four villages of Lalehzar. 250 persons were randomly sampled and interviewed in order to gather the needed primary data. Secondary data required by referring the documentations. The self-organized questionnaire was pretested in order to assess its reliability and realize the main variables variation to estimate the size of the sample. After the statistical description of the sample properties and research variables, further inferential analysis was carried out by employing factor analysis and varimax rotation. Results indicated that the most important impact of the floriculture activity has been shifting the farming systems of the region towards the sustainability which is considered as an environmental impact. Social impacts, mainly in promoting the rural women''''s socio-economic status has been the next major consequence, following the economical impacts such as employment and income earning opportunities provided via lateral activities. Existence of a lot of environmental and peripherals
Urban Planning
Akbar Asghari Zamani; Ebrahiem Sharifzadeh Aghdam
Abstract
Abstract Management of towns as wide organizations through local communities can be interpreted as a means of both mutual interactions and the effect of physical structure on individuals. In order to achieve sustainable urban development which is based on consultative management of developmental plans, ...
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Abstract Management of towns as wide organizations through local communities can be interpreted as a means of both mutual interactions and the effect of physical structure on individuals. In order to achieve sustainable urban development which is based on consultative management of developmental plans, an appropriate capacity needs to be built. Capacity building in urban neighborhoods can be conducted through understanding citizens' abilities and engaging them in urban plans. The communication between the citizens and urban governors plays the most important role in sustainable formation of urban neighborhoods, management of optimal quality of life, conditions of residential neighborhoods, and sustainable urban development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of consultative management performance on physical sustainability of urban neighborhoods. Survey method was utilized to collect data. In so doing, a "structured questionnaire" that was designed based on internal and external sustainability indicators was applied. The target population included four main neighborhoods of Piranshahr. A sample of 382 individuals was selected through Cochrans' model. Statistical tests were conducted to check the sustainability of every single indicator. Then, the urban neighborhoods were ranked based on Vikor model. Finally, the results showed that the target indicators had a significant effect on the sustainability increase of the urban neighborhoods such that the people's participation affected neighborhoods sustainability in the town. Finally, based on Vikor model the results showed that neighborhood 2 with a sustainability rate of Q=0.55 had more favorable conditions compared to the other neighborhoods.
Rural Planning
Mohsen Aghayari Hir; Kolsoom Zakeri Miab
Abstract
Earthquake risk identification and analysis in rural areas is the decisive factor in the reduction their damages and casualties. Because in the cycle of crisis management, planning and identification of rural settlements risk is necessary to achieve the waste resources prevent policy and utilization ...
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Earthquake risk identification and analysis in rural areas is the decisive factor in the reduction their damages and casualties. Because in the cycle of crisis management, planning and identification of rural settlements risk is necessary to achieve the waste resources prevent policy and utilization of the maximum power. In other words, many of the villages risk in the earthquake, is preventable with causes recognition and reduction of vulnerability roots.Therefore this study pays to discuses and analysis of the earthquake risk in the rural settlements of central District of Marand County with the descriptive- analytic methodology. The population of this study is consisted of 74 villages in the central District of Marand County, that all of them have been studied. To assess earthquake risk in study area, initially the earthquake risk assessment model was presented in rural areas based on the conceptual and operating framework and then weighting to the indexes using the academic professionals (30 analytical hierarchical process questionnaire) and data process in the GIS environment, indexes of exposure (using GIS analysis) and vulnerability (with using of TOPSIS technique) was calculated. It should be noted that, each of the parameters was measured and modeled within several indicators and finally, using of layers overlay analysis in the GIS, earthquake risk assessment was conducted in the study area. According to the results, about 32 percent of the studied villages are located in high and very high risk zones that raised the necessity of planning, based on principles of crisis management.
Urban Planning
Eisa Ebrahimzadeh; Ahmad Hosseini; Diman Kashefidoost
Abstract
Fire stations are one of the important centers of relief. Obviously, timely service, required for their appropriate site selection. Piranshahr city with having one fire station is faced to problems such as lack of stations, the lack of proper distribution and lack of appropriate site selection. The aim ...
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Fire stations are one of the important centers of relief. Obviously, timely service, required for their appropriate site selection. Piranshahr city with having one fire station is faced to problems such as lack of stations, the lack of proper distribution and lack of appropriate site selection. The aim of this research is consideration the how distribution of stations and their services and determination of proper site for building the new stations with regard to city need. In this research that done with descriptive – analytical method, the needs information are collected in the way of census of Population and Housing results in 1390, and comprehensive and detailed plans of Piranshahr city and also the magazines and books with regard to subject and for analysis of data is used by software such as AUTO CAD, ARC GIS, , Expert Choice, Super Decisions, and with used by the models of network analysis such as ANP, AHP, TOPSIS model, are offered six stations for areas that were out of the radius of action in the fire station. Because the whole of city, were covered these stations according to the timing standard of fire fighting vehicles at the scene and at the time of earthquake occurrence to reduce the losses were getting the appropriate operation
Alireza Entezari; Hamzeh Ahmadi; Mokhtar Karmi; Taleb Ahmadi
Abstract
One of the uses of climate in the environmental planning is recognizing the bioclimatic potentials of different regions. In this research, bioclimatic condition inIslam Abade-Gharb City analyzed based on monthly scale climatic data and bioclimatic indices, Beaker, Terjung, Stress, Chilling and Olgay. ...
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One of the uses of climate in the environmental planning is recognizing the bioclimatic potentials of different regions. In this research, bioclimatic condition inIslam Abade-Gharb City analyzed based on monthly scale climatic data and bioclimatic indices, Beaker, Terjung, Stress, Chilling and Olgay. The cooling and heating requirements in Islam Abade-Gharb city specified by using of daily temperature data and active growth degree days (GDD) method in different thermal thresholds. The results show that, the months of April, May, October and November have comfort bioclimatic and December, January February and March months due to chill stress and June, July, August and September due to heat stress are out of comfort zone. The results of Terjung, Olgay and Chilling indices are more consistent with the climate conditions of the region. Based on the threshold of 10 °C, the thermal potential of the study area from mid-June to end of September reaches to the highest level, In this time period, human bioclimatic is out of the comfort zone and cooling requirements are necessary for adjust of temperature. With respect to the location of this city in semi-cold climate, and the necessity of 207 cooling degree days and 2273 heating degree days, the needs for planning of climate design in order to reduction of energy consumption is necessary.The highest deviation from the optimal thermal conditions occurs from November to December, which necessitate the use of heating to adjust the temperature.The results of this study are important in terms of optimization of energy consumption and the management of heating and cooling systems in residential areas.
Urban Planning
akbar asghari zamani; Ebrahim Sharifzadeh Aghdam; Abdollah Sheykhi
Abstract
The purpose of this research analyzed role of criteria it in the physical development of the isInstability piranshahr and environmental impact on the periphery areas and the formation of informal settlements in urban marginal areas.In this study, the spatio-temporal patterns and processes ...
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The purpose of this research analyzed role of criteria it in the physical development of the isInstability piranshahr and environmental impact on the periphery areas and the formation of informal settlements in urban marginal areas.In this study, the spatio-temporal patterns and processes of urban growth of piranshahr were investigated from 1984 to 2013 by using satellite remote sensing images,holder, spatial metrics and logistic regression modelling..his.Therefore, in this study has been evaluated Due to importance of the issue sustainable development in the surrounding areas of the city, and that the city managers assessed Results of their activities in rural areas and urban sphere of influence to Apply the futures activities Piranshahr physical expansion of the city according to the principles and standards of urban growth. Finally, the findings showed although that village Shin Abad has joined to city. And now it will be one of the regions But the Aspral growth did not have The Expand city has been mainly Consistent with population growth caused by successive migrations during the last decades but many informal settlements have formed On the fringe connection between the two cities, villages
Hamid Ebrahimy; ali akbar rasoli; Davod Mokhtari
Abstract
Abstract Marand city is located in very dangerous zone in terms of seismicity status, Therefore the problem of temporary settlement and optimization of the population settlements in the occurrence of earthquake is very important. This study has been implemented with the aim of identifying and spatial ...
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Abstract Marand city is located in very dangerous zone in terms of seismicity status, Therefore the problem of temporary settlement and optimization of the population settlements in the occurrence of earthquake is very important. This study has been implemented with the aim of identifying and spatial modeling of temporary settlement area in order to manage the earthquake crisis. Eight effective criteria in modeling temporary settlement has been extracted by studying research theoretical foundations and using the opinions of experts, then by using two models; Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), the area with proper conditions for temporary settlement in earthquake disaster management was determined. By comparing the results from the two models Based on expert’s opinions and Feasibility, optimization and practical of the Suggested zones among the zones with very good condition in Fuzzy Inference system, 232723 square meters And in the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process Model 44995 square meters, are Confirmed by experts and have most proper condition. The results indicates more accuracy in results of fuzzy inference system In comparison with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.
Urban Planning
hassan esmaeilzadeh; amir kashani asl; Zahra Afzali; Jaber Roydel
Abstract
One of the important issues in solving urban problems such as traffic is lack of recognition or evaluation of management solutions in this field. It's clear that through identifying & evaluating various solutions in this field, not only problem solving can be accelerated, but also waste of management ...
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One of the important issues in solving urban problems such as traffic is lack of recognition or evaluation of management solutions in this field. It's clear that through identifying & evaluating various solutions in this field, not only problem solving can be accelerated, but also waste of management costs can be reduced. So, the purpose of the study is identifying & evaluating management & planning solutions in controlling urban traffic in Tabriz metropolis. Kind of research in terms of nature is analytic – comparative, and in terms of goal is practical. Data gathering and its related information is done by library & field methods. In field studies, we have been used Delphi method (using expert's viewpoints) and after final approval of guidelines, the required information has been collected throng providing questionnaire. Data analysis is done by one sample T – test, K – s, Variance analysis and regression (in Spss software). Results from one sample T – test show that the Average amount of studied solutions in order to control traffic is generally higher than the average rate (3.95). Results from regression test also show that people participation approach with beta of 0.360 and smart transportation systems with beta of 0.329 have the most significant effect on traffic control in Tabriz and infrastructure solutions and plans and urban projects with Beta coefficient of 0.160 have had less impact on traffic control of Tabriz.
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
Sajjad Bagheri Seyed Shakeri; Abbas Alipour; saman maroofpour; Seyed Moustafa Hashemi
Abstract
Introduction The exploitation of natural water resources requires recognition of the quantity and, in particular, its quality. It is important to study the quality and quantity of flow in the river in order to evaluate its locative changes for its various uses. Usually the flow crossing the river is ...
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Introduction The exploitation of natural water resources requires recognition of the quantity and, in particular, its quality. It is important to study the quality and quantity of flow in the river in order to evaluate its locative changes for its various uses. Usually the flow crossing the river is a source of water supply in various sectors of consumption, including drinking, agriculture and industry. Therefore, knowing the changes in the quality of river flow can have a significant impact on management and planning at harvest time and water consumption, especially drinking. Various studies have been done to predict and study water quality, but in terms of the quality of surface water, less attention has been paid to smart modeling. The superiority of smart models is determined in solving nonlinear and bulky problems that cannot be solved with high precision. Najah et.al (422: 2009) also emphasized the ability of neural networks to predict Malaysian ink's river water quality indices and the ability to estimate electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) values and opacity in this basin. Kunwar et.al (95: 2009) has also used perceptron neural networks to model the quality parameters of the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) of Gottmy river in India and has emphasized its proper efficiency.The main objective of the present research is to construct a soft calculation model for estimating the salinity of the Nisa river flow at the site of the Yalkhary hydrometric station using various input scenarios which in areas such as the present study, there is the problem of data deficits, information, as well as lack of facilities and enough cost, can be done by using an estimation model with acceptable water quality accuracy.
