University of Tabriz Journal of Geography and Planning 2008-8078 29 91 2025 04 21 Explaining urban political ecology and measuring spatial justice in the distribution of urban green spaces in Karaj Metropolitan Explaining urban political ecology and measuring spatial justice in the distribution of urban green spaces in Karaj Metropolitan 102 79 16841 10.22034/gp.2023.57632.3171 FA Nader Ezadbin Ph.D. student of Geography and Urban Planning, Aras International Campus, University of Tabriz Hassan Mahmoudzadeh Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Rasoul Ghoebani Professor of the Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz Journal Article 2023 07 20 Introduction<br /><br /><br /><br />Today, political ecology; It is a pluralistic thought that includes everything that was once exclusively the focus of attention. One of the most important consequences of the rapid growth of urbanization and the physical development of the country's cities in recent decades has been the disintegration of the distribution system of urban service centers, which has become the basis for the social inequality of citizens in enjoying these services. <br /><br />Data and Method<br /><br /><br /><br />The general population and housing census of 2015 and the map of Karaj metropolitan areas, statistical information on crime rate and addiction will be prepared and used from the police force organization; and the discussion of political ecology in the field of green spaces in the 1990s to 2023s will be investigated. In the field survey section, the opinions of experts will be used to determine the state of spatial justice of green space in the areas of Karaj metropolis. <br /><br /><br /><br />Results and Discussion<br /><br /><br /><br />Regions 8 and 11 have a high per capita population due to the small population and the large area of parks, the presence of family garden, apple garden, Fateh garden and small Iran. But other regions suffer from a severe lack of urban parks at the neighborhood to regional level, which requires proportional distribution according to the population of each region and taking into account the accepted standards in the field of per capita urban green spaces, especially parks. Parks should be done in the areas of Karaj city.<br /><br />Conclusion<br /><br />Another type of vegetation application is in the lands around the neighbourhood and its outskirts, which have been planted over the years by the municipality and the pastures and forestry organization. This covering has now formed the dominant natural appearance of the neighbourhood. Introduction<br /><br /><br /><br />Today, political ecology; It is a pluralistic thought that includes everything that was once exclusively the focus of attention. One of the most important consequences of the rapid growth of urbanization and the physical development of the country's cities in recent decades has been the disintegration of the distribution system of urban service centers, which has become the basis for the social inequality of citizens in enjoying these services. <br /><br />Data and Method<br /><br /><br /><br />The general population and housing census of 2015 and the map of Karaj metropolitan areas, statistical information on crime rate and addiction will be prepared and used from the police force organization; and the discussion of political ecology in the field of green spaces in the 1990s to 2023s will be investigated. In the field survey section, the opinions of experts will be used to determine the state of spatial justice of green space in the areas of Karaj metropolis. <br /><br /><br /><br />Results and Discussion<br /><br /><br /><br />Regions 8 and 11 have a high per capita population due to the small population and the large area of parks, the presence of family garden, apple garden, Fateh garden and small Iran. But other regions suffer from a severe lack of urban parks at the neighborhood to regional level, which requires proportional distribution according to the population of each region and taking into account the accepted standards in the field of per capita urban green spaces, especially parks. Parks should be done in the areas of Karaj city.<br /><br />Conclusion<br /><br />Another type of vegetation application is in the lands around the neighbourhood and its outskirts, which have been planted over the years by the municipality and the pastures and forestry organization. This covering has now formed the dominant natural appearance of the neighbourhood. https://geoplanning.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_16841_bf03361aa34110e9d187d1134be8252c.pdf