Urban Planning
Hossein Panahi; Parviz Mohammadzadeh; Yadollah Divsalar
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, , Pages 95-115
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran during the years 2006-2015, by using the surplus function, based on the presence of the government as a provider of public goods and services. To do so, using the total surplus function approach which is defined by ...
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The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran during the years 2006-2015, by using the surplus function, based on the presence of the government as a provider of public goods and services. To do so, using the total surplus function approach which is defined by the difference between the total income and the total expenditure of the households working and living in the large cities, the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran is estimated. Findings of research show that the total benefits and total costs increase as population of cites increases. The coefficient of population in the household expenditure function is very close to the coefficient of population in total cost function, this means that the expenditure of household in the metropolises of Iran is increasing. The greater the coefficient of population in benefit cost function Than the coefficient of population in total cost function indicates that people living in cities benefit from urban interests, which is the same increase in income and do not participate in paying social costs and this has caused that the size of the metropolises of Iran exceed its optimum level.
Roya Ale Omran; Hossein Panahi; Zahra Kabiri
Volume 17, Issue 45 , November 2013, , Pages 1-26
Abstract
This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, carbon emissions, energy consumption and employment ratio in Iran using autoregressive distributed lag model. Empirical results for Iran over the period 1971-2007 suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between ...
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This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, carbon emissions, energy consumption and employment ratio in Iran using autoregressive distributed lag model. Empirical results for Iran over the period 1971-2007 suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at 5% significance level in Iran. The estimated income elasticity of carbon emissions per capita is 0.40 and the income elasticity of energy consumption per capita is 0.71. Results for the existence and direction of Granger Causality show the neither carbon emissions per capita nor energy consumption per capita cause real GDP per capita in the short run. In addition EKC hypothesis at causal framework by using a logarithmic model is not valid in Iran case. The overall results indicate that energy consumption and controlling carbon dioxide emission are likely to have no adverse effect on the real output growth of Iran.
