Land use Planning
Azra Moshtagheh Mehr; Asadollah Hejazi; Fariba Karami
Abstract
In the present research, the evaluation of land use changes in Mahabad county in a twenty-year period from 2000 to 2020 and the prediction of its possible trends until 2040 have been discussed. In this research, the images of ETM and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite in three years of 2000, 2010 and 2020 ...
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In the present research, the evaluation of land use changes in Mahabad county in a twenty-year period from 2000 to 2020 and the prediction of its possible trends until 2040 have been discussed. In this research, the images of ETM and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite in three years of 2000, 2010 and 2020 and the supervised classification have been used to detect the changes that have occurred. In addition, in order to simulate land use changes, Markov model and cellular automata have been used. Based on our results, the highest trend of increase was related to the built-up lands and the highest trend of decrease was related to the water bodies of the region. In other words, the area of built-up lands increased from 2367.67 hectares to 71006.08 hectares. Besides, the area of water bodies has reached from 9266.63 hectares to 1164.28 hectares, respectively. In addition, based on the results of the Markov model, it is expected that the trend of land use changes will decrease the area of agricultural lands by 1473.1 hectares, orchards and forests by 810.11 hectares, pasture land by 16455.4 hectares and water bodies by 545.69 hectares. On the other hand, these changes will be accompanied by an increase in the area of barren lands by 11831.72 hectares and built-up lands by 7448.42 hectares. Therefore, the possible trend of changes indicates an increase in the level of barren lands and built-up lands and a decrease in other land uses. The results of the present research highlighted the need to pay attention to the challenge of land use change in Mahabad county and can provide a proper understanding of the dimensions, trends and patterns of land use in the region to officials, researchers and local people.
Geomorphology
asadollah hejazi; Atrin Ebrahimi
Abstract
The growth rate of urban population varies in different regions, and the role and position of cities in this area is very influential. Baneh is now considered one of the most important cities in the west of the country, which is very much considered, and due to its commercial location, the urban population ...
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The growth rate of urban population varies in different regions, and the role and position of cities in this area is very influential. Baneh is now considered one of the most important cities in the west of the country, which is very much considered, and due to its commercial location, the urban population and the expansion of its urban settlements are in a steady rising trend. Due to the geomorphologic situation of the area, the development of the settlement areas of this city is confronted, and as a result of the development of this city, many settlements are located in areas that are geomorphologically part of the hazardous areas. Considering the above mentioned cases in this research, the Baneh urban development process from 1992 to 2017 has been evaluated and the aim of this research is to evaluate the Baneh urban development process during the period 1992 to 2017, and then on the basis of it, the development rate the city of Baneh will be projected until 2030. The research data included Landsat satellite imagery of 1992, 2001, 2011, and 2017, as well as information layers including DEM 30m. Data analysis was performed using two ARC GIS and IDRISI software. In this research, using satellite imagery of land use, a study area was developed from 1992 to 2017, and based on these maps, the LCM model predicts the development of residential areas by 2030. The results of the present study indicate that during the period 1992 to 2017 the size of the residential areas increased from 9 km2 to 20 km2, as well as the results of the prediction of the development of residential areas also indicate that the size of the restricted settlement areas until 2030 It will reach about 27.7 square kilometers.
Geotourism
asadollah hejazi; Mohammad Hossein Rezaei Moghaddam; zahra ghasemizadgonbad
Abstract
Introduction Ecotourism is one of the common types of tourism activities that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The ecotourism concept is based on the ideals of environmental protection and sustainable development and refers to a responsible journey to nature with an emphasis on ...
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Introduction Ecotourism is one of the common types of tourism activities that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The ecotourism concept is based on the ideals of environmental protection and sustainable development and refers to a responsible journey to nature with an emphasis on ensuring the improvement of local community life and environmental protection (Seifi and Janbaz, 2017: 479). Ecotourism has a deep connection with sustainable development, which stems from the interactions between tourists and the environment. Proper planning and management in order to develop ecotourism are essential to preserve and maintain the environmental richness of the region as well as the economic improvement of local people (Bunruamkaew and Murayama, 2011: 269). Iran is one of the countries that have a lot of potential for ecotourism development, however, studies show that Iran's natural tourism assets are vast array of scattered, unstabilized resources, and in some cases are on the verge of extinction. The main object of the current paper is to assess the ecotourism potentials and capabilities of the Margavar rural district of Urmia County in northwest of Iran. For this purpose, Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy method have been used and ecotourism capabilities zoning map of the study area has been produced. Data and Method The current research is a Multicriteria-based study and the Analytic network process (ANP) method and Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used to analyse the data. Spatial criteria were clustered based on reviewing the background into five main groups including climate, human, topography, geology, and tourism and criteria have divided into these 5 groups. At first, the criteria map was prepared in the ArcGIS environment, then all the maps were reclassified with the Reclassify function. In the next step, the criteria maps are standardized with a Fuzzy linear function and the ANP model was run in Super Decisions software, and pairwise comparisons and related super matrices were calculated for the criteria and the relative weight of each criterion was obtained and the resulting weights were applied to maps. Finally, the weighted maps were combined each other using the 0.9 fuzzy gamma operator, and the Fuzzy ecotourism capability zoning map was produced in value 0 to 1. Results and Discussion After designing the network structure, matrices and related super-matrices were calculated and the relative weights of all criteria were determined. Results showed that temperature, geological structure, slope, rain, and tourism facilities have the most importance and weight in relation to the ecotourism ability of the study area, respectively. According to the ecotourism capabilities zoning map, the study area was divided into four class: completely suitable, relatively suitable, relatively unsuitable, and completely unsuitable. The resulting map analysis shows that areas located in the central and western parts of the region, which have a low slope percentage and also include rich pastures and natural tourist attractions, are in the completely suitable group. Furthermore, some parts of the study area have mountain slopes and difficult topographic conditions that are very difficult to access grouped in completely unsuitable lands for ecotourism activities. The final results of the study show that 14.50% of the study area is in the completely suitable class, 26.32% in the relatively suitable class, 27% in the relatively unsuitable class and 32.15% are in the completely unsuitable class Conclusion Research evaluations show that In general, Margavar rural district, both in terms of potential for the future development of ecotourism and in terms of Its current situation has a lot of potential in this regard in terms of receiving a large number of tourists That comprehensive planning and formulation of effective solutions in this field can be considered an effective way and an important step to achieve sustainable regional development. Application of multi-criteria analysis techniques such as ANP model and Fuzzy model in this research indicates the great flexibility of these methods, which makes it possible to determine different scenarios and combine different criteria with each other. On the other hand, the use of GIS has provided a good platform for feasibility studies, assessment, and identification of the natural environment. Therefore, it can be said that due to the high potential of the Margavar rural district, there is a need to review measures and pay more attention to tourism development plans and studies in this region.
Geomorphology
Seyyed Asadallah Hejazi; Masoumeh Rajabi; Asma Sharbaf Behtash
Abstract
Introduction Tourism is one of the activities that demand for it is increasing. Tourism as a non-smoking industry, has less destructive environmental impacts but for some, tourism is an important threat to cultural and biological diversity. This idea caused the concept of sustainable tourism development ...
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Introduction Tourism is one of the activities that demand for it is increasing. Tourism as a non-smoking industry, has less destructive environmental impacts but for some, tourism is an important threat to cultural and biological diversity. This idea caused the concept of sustainable tourism development and the forms of alternative tourism to be raised. For this reason, the development of ecotourism as a form of alternative tourism is essential for achieving the goals of sustainable tourism development. Identifying and planning the suitable ecotourism areas as an effective tool and solution can play an essential role in sustainable tourism development. Although Iran has a variety of natural attractions, but it hasn't been able to make good use of this advantage. One of the most suitable ecotourism areas in Iran and East Azerbaijan Province is the Northern Slopes of Bozghoush Mountains. This area has a lot of natural attractions such as high peaks, numerous hot springs and green spaces which can be a destination for hiking, adventure tourism, ski, water therapy and leisure activities. In spite of such attractions, none of these activities is known in the real sense; on the other hand, comprehensive planning has not been done in this area. Although several tourists go to the northern slopes of Bozghoush Mountain in spring and summer but there isn't any suitable infrastructures in this area. This indicates the necessity of investigating in this region and the main thing for encouraging investors is identifying, prioritizing and informing them. Such actions lie in the context of scientific research. So far, several studies has been done on geomorphology and geology of this region but there hasn't been any study to identify suitable ecotourism areas. The present study has aimed to reach this goal. The goal of this study is identifying the ecotourism capabilities of the northern slopes of Bozghoush Mountain using Vikor technique in order to identify the most suitable areas for ecotourism activities. Methodology The research method of this study is descriptive-analytical and in terms of purpose, it is practical. In order to achieve the research goals, the most important criteria of site selection for mountaineering, hiking and ski was identified by library research and expert survey, and then the weight of each criteria was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the following, in order to integrate layers in ArcGIS, VIKOR method has been used. To determine the final weight of the criteria, a questionnaire was designed and it has been filled by 30 experts. The experts were familiar with both the AHP method and the features of study area. Five questionnaire were corrupted and 25 of them were valid. The hierarchy structure was formed in the Expert Choice. Then the data obtained from questionnaire which was a pairwise comparison, was added to the software. In the following, in order to integrate layers in ArcGIS, VIKOR method has been used. Finally, by overlaying the maps of mountaineering, hiking and ski, the most suitable areas of ecotourism was determined. Conclusion The northern slopes of Bouzghoush Mountain located in East Azerbaijan Province have high ecotourism potential, which allows tourists to do activities such as mountaineering, hiking and ski. In the present study, in order to site selection and prioritize the ecotourism areas, the activities were divided into three types and evaluated by Vikor technique. Various criteria were selected by literature review and weighted in Expert choice using AHP method. Finally maps of mountaineering, hiking and ski were obtained and by overlaying the maps, the final map of suitable ecotourism areas was achieved. The results show that in terms of suitable site selection of ecotourism, 15.43 percent of area is in very suitable condition, 35.52 percent in suitable condition, 39.91 percent in average condition and 9.14 percent in unsuitable condition. The most suitable area covers the hot springs of Asbforoushan and Allah Hagh, as well as Jelda Bakhan and Ardeha villages. These sites tops the list of priorities for development.
Seyedasadollah Hejazi
Volume 19, Issue 51 , April 2015, , Pages 127-143
Abstract
Increment of soil carbon is an appropriate method for reducing atmosphere dioxide carbon density resulted from foresting in the unutilized and destroyed lands and its optimal management due to increase of concern about universal heating and changing of climate. According to universal heating and ...
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Increment of soil carbon is an appropriate method for reducing atmosphere dioxide carbon density resulted from foresting in the unutilized and destroyed lands and its optimal management due to increase of concern about universal heating and changing of climate. According to universal heating and expansion of urban industries issue in the air pollution; capacity of Tabriz Province lands in establishing of parks has been investigated by employing AHP. The data were collected by available basic maps and spot 2005 satellite images and also field studies. The zone digits of maps were converted to criterion maps (slope, direction, height, land usage, geology, soil, city, communication network, village and rivers) by using spatial information techniques and they were valuated for paired comparison. The value of each scale was considered according to capacity of each unit. The paired comparison of the spatial information techniques criteriawas conducted by using Marionian attached program in GIS and the studied criterion weight were calculated. Then the final map in raster format was extracted by using each weight and was categorized in five classes range from very weak to very good and the best location was extracted with an area about four percent of the whole Province
seayed asadollah Hejazi
Volume 18, Issue 50 , February 2015, , Pages 135-152
Abstract
This article aims to evaluate sensitivity of Goijabel basin lands in landsliding based on GIS and AHP. The main reason for selection of this basin for research is to observe the current landsliding in the region by the author and environmental preservation attitude of the authors. This basin is one of ...
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This article aims to evaluate sensitivity of Goijabel basin lands in landsliding based on GIS and AHP. The main reason for selection of this basin for research is to observe the current landsliding in the region by the author and environmental preservation attitude of the authors. This basin is one of the sub-basins of Aharchi in area of 7406 Hectares with geographical statues of 46,47,21/26 to 46,56,53/64 east longitude and 38,21, 42/13 to 38,27,39/04 north latitude. The criteria selected for analysis of landsliding sensitivity in the study basin involve nine parameters (slope, aspect, height, lithology, fault, road, landuse, precipitation and main water ways) extracted from basic maps, field studies and spot satellite images and their primary valuation was conducted by using GIS techniques in five layers relative to the effect of each measure on incidence of landsliding. Then pair comparison of the layers was carried out by using Mariyoni attached program (AHP extension) and final map of the land sensitivity in landsliding was extracted. The results of landsliding sensitivity analysis in Goijabel basin showed that the most effective factor in land sliding is lithology with weight of 0.3113 according to the highest weight and then the height with minimum weight of 0.0178 is the criterion with lowest effect in landsliding. Also the analysis of landsliding danger in the study basin shows that endangered lands with high sliding capability involve 1222 ha which cover %16.5 of the total regions.
