Evaluation of time series relationship between land use changes and land surface temperature in desert cities (case study: Yazd city)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Isfahan Uni

2 Master of Urban Planning, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

10.22034/gp.2024.60544.3237

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the relationship between time series of land use changes and land surface temperature in desert cities in Yazd using time series satellite images of 1987-2022 in Google Earth Engine system. To calculate (LST), using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal band data in these two time periods, in addition to the supervised classification method, from the separate window algorithm method, and to calculate the vegetation cover from the normalized index (NDVI) has been used. The results of the supervised classification method showed; By comparing the changes in land use area between 2022 and 1987, it was determined that in 1987, desert areas had the largest area with (1815/1416) square kilometers, and in 2022, residential areas had the largest area with (74/1861) square kilometers. The lowest area in 1987-2022 is related to garden and forest lands with (34.4934) square kilometers and in 2022 with (2.5281) square kilometers. The amount of vegetation changes in 1987 with (11.9916) square kilometers, compared to 2022 with (13.0455) square kilometers, had the lowest area. The results of temperature changes showed that the maximum and minimum temperature of 1987 was equal to (60-61) degrees Celsius, compared to 2022 with values of (19-33) degrees Celsius, there were temporal and spatial changes. Therefore, by examining the average annual temperature and precipitation in different seasons of the year until the horizon of 2045, it was determined that with the increase in annual temperature in the future, this city will face a decrease in rainfall in different rainy seasons of the year. Therefore, the highest temperature occurred in the spring season and the lowest rainfall occurred in the autumn season.

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Main Subjects


بررسی دمای سطح زمین به عنوان مهم­ترین معیار برنامه­ریزی شهری، ناحیه­ای و منطقه­ای، نقش مهمی درکنترل تشعشعات حاصل از گرمایش حرارتی در فرایندهای زیستی، شیمایی و فیزیکی سطح زمین دارد. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی ارتباط سری زمانی تغییرات کاربری اراضی و دمای سطح زمین در شهرهای مناطق بیابانی در شهر یزد با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره­ای سری زمانی 2020-1987 در سامانه گوگل ارث انجین انجام شده است. برای محاسبه (LST) با استفاده از داده­های باند حرارتی لندست 5، 7 و 8 در این دو بازة زمانی 2020-1987 علاوه بر روش طبقه بندی نظارت شده، از روش الگوریتم پنجره مجزا،  برای محاسبه پوشش گیاهی از شاخص نرمال شده (NDVI) استفاده گردیده است. نتایج روش طبقه بندی نظارت شده نشان داد؛ با مقایسه تغییرات مساحت کاربری­ها بین سال 2022 تا 1987 مشخص گردید، در سال 1987مناطق کویری با (14/1815) کیلومتر مربع، و در سال 2022 مناطق مسکونی با (18/74) کیلومتر مربع دارای بیشترین مساحت بوده اند. کمترین مساحت به ترتیب در سال 2020- 1987 مربوط به اراضی باغی و جنگلی با (49/34) کیلومتر مربع و در سال 2022 با (52/2) کیلومتر مربع می باشد. میزان تغییرات پوشش گیاهی در سال 1987با (99/11) کیلومتر مربع، نسبت به 2022 با (04/13) کیلومتر مربع کمترین مساحت را داشته است. نتایج تغییرات دمایی نشان داد، مقدار دمای بیشینه و کمینة سال 1987 برابر با (61-60) درجه سانتی گراد نسبت به سال 2022 با مقادیر (33-19) درجه سانتی­گراد دارای تغییرات زمانی و مکانی بوده است. با بررسی میانگین دما و بارش سالیانه در فصول مختلف سال تا افق 2045 مشخص گردید، افزایش دمای سالیانه سبب کاهش بارندگی­ها در فصول مختلف پر بارش سال گردیده است، لذا بیشترین دما در فصل بهار و کمترین مقدار بارندگی در فصل پاییز رخ خواهد بود. نتایج پژوهش حاضر می تواند به برنامه­ریزان انرژی، طراحان و مدیران شهری در راستای توسعه­ی پایدار کمک شایانی بنماید.

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