Evaluation of Tourism Sustainability in Own-ebn-Ali promenade of Tabriz city Process (AHP)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

10.22034/gp.2024.62588.3281

Abstract

Own- ebn- Ali resort is the largest mountain resort in the country, with an average of one million visitors a year. Due to the natural limitations of the region, the increasing pressure of tourists leads to the destruction of natural values and thus the destruction of tourism capabilities in the region, which is one of the reasons for paying attention to the sustainability of tourism in this region. The aim of this study is to evaluate the tourism sustainability of Own- ebn- Ali area of Tabriz.in This study the Social, economic and environmental dimensions were considered as decision criteria for sustainability assessment and indicators were considered for each of these dimensions. The weighted value of dimensions and indices was calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).Results revealed that the environmental dimension with a weight of 0.520 has the most and the social dimension with a weight of 0.220 have the least impact on tourism sustainability. In the economic dimension, the indicators of "employment rate" and "existence of online communications in the region", and in the social dimension, indicators of "tourist satisfaction with the security of the region" and "health services status" were the most important criteria, respectively. Moreover, the indicators of "water quality" and "environmental health" had the greatest impact on the sustainability of tourism in the environmental dimension, respectively. According to the results, in order to achieve higher levels of tourism sustainability, the necessary policies should be adopted to increase the indicators affecting sustainability, the most important of which is to emphasize the natural face of Own- ebn- Ali region and reduce construction operations in that region.

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Full Text

امروزه علیرغم اهمیت گردشگری درزمینه اشتغال و اقتصاد پایدار، چالش­هایی نظیر تنزل اصول اخلاقی، نابودی زیستگاه­های طبیعی، آلودگی آب­های زیرزمینی، به خطر افتادن بهداشت و سلامتی ناشی از شبکه­های ناکافی دفع زباله و فاضلاب را در مقابل دارد. لذا سنجش و ارزیابی سطح پایداری مناطق گردشگری، به­ویژه، تبیین معیارها و شاخص‌های مختلف، از جمله شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی، اقتصادی در جهت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار گردشگری مورد تأکید است. تفرجگاه عون بن علی(عینالی) بزرگ‌ترین تفرجگاه کوهستانی کشور به شمار می‌رود که به‌طور میانگین یک میلیون نفر در سال بازدید کننده دارد. با توجه به محدودیت‌های طبیعی منطقه، فشار روزافزون گردشگر منجر به تخریب ارزش‌های طبیعی و در نتیجه نابودی قابلیت‌های گردشگری می‌شود که از دلایل توجه به پایداری گردشگری در  آن هست. این مطالعه باهدف ارزیابی پایداری گردشگری منطقه عون بن علی شهر تبریز انجام شد. داده­های مورد نیاز از طریق مصاحبه با کارشناسان و گردشگران ورودی به این منطقه در قالب پرسشنامه در سال 1399 جمع­آوری شدند. ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی به‌عنوان معیارهای تصمیم‌گیری ارزیابی پایداری و برای هر یک از این ابعاد شاخص‌هایی در نظر گرفته شد. ارزش وزنی ابعاد و شاخص‌ها به روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) محاسبه شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که بعد زیست‌محیطی با وزن 520/0بیشترین و بعد اجتماعی با وزن 220/0کمترین تأثیر را در پایداری گردشگری دارند. در بعد اقتصادی، شاخص‌های «میزان اشتغال ایجاد شده» و «وجود ارتباطات آنلاین در منطقه» و در بعد اجتماعی، شاخص‌های «رضایت گردشگر از امنیت منطقه» و «وضعیت سرویس‌های بهداشتی» به ترتیب دارای بیشترین اهمیت بودند. شاخص‌های «کیفیت آب»، «بهداشت محیط» و  «وسائل ایمنی منطقه» نیز به ترتیب دارای بیشترین تأثیر روی پایداری گردشگری در بعد زیست‌محیطی بودند.       با توجه به نتایج ،جهت دستیابی به سطوح بالاتر پایداری گردشگری، سیاست‌های لازم باید در جهت افزایش شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار بر پایداری اتخاذ گردد که مهم‌ترین آن‌ها تأکید بر حفظ چهره طبیعی منطقه عون بن علی و کاهش عملیات ساخت و ساز در آن منطقه هست.

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