Investigating and evaluating the change of urban land use pattern with ecological footprint approach (Case study of Tabriz metropolis)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Graduated with a master's degree in geography and urban planning from Tabriz University

2 Department of Geography and Planning, School of Geography, University of Tabriz

3 Professor, Planning and Environmental Sciences, Urban Planning Group Tabriz University, Tabriz, IRAN

10.22034/gp.2023.55429.3103

Abstract

During the last three decades, indiscriminate and unprincipled exploitation of lands and changes in uses have caused different reactions of ecosystems. The metropolis of Tabriz is the capital of East Azarbaijan province, which has had an unbalanced and scattered growth during the last few decades, in such a way that the uncontrolled expansion of the city has caused The destruction of the surrounding spaces and the departure of the city from its symmetrical and standard shape. Today, uneven growth and excessive expansion of the city is considered one of the problems of Tabriz metropolis. The method of the current research is applied-analytical by collecting information during a period of 25 years, i.e. 1375-1400 decade in document-library form, field survey in the form of referring to the relevant organizations and departments and using the ecological footprint calculation method. to the main question of the research, that is; "What effects have land use changes in the metropolis of Tabriz over a period of 25 years had on the environment and ecological capacity of Tabriz?" answer and provide solutions to improve the state of land changes and the ecological capacity of the city and the proportional distribution of the population in Tabriz metropolis. Among the results obtained in the present research is that the increase in the population growth rate and as a result the excessive expansion and development of the city during these years has caused an increase in land use changes, especially the conversion of agricultural and garden uses into settlements and residential areas. has been That this amount of changes is beyond the ecological capacity of Tabriz metropolis and requires careful and disciplined management. Otherwise, with the continuation of this type of challenge, the metropolis of Tabriz will suffer significant and irreversible crises and problems in the coming years.

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طی سه دهه اخیر، بهره برداری بی رویه و غیراصولی از اراضی و تغییرکاربری‌ها باعث عکس‌العملهای متفاوت اکوسیستم‌ها شده است.کلانشهر تبریز، مرکز استان آذربایجان شرقی می‌باشدکه در طول چند دهه اخیر رشد نامتوازن و پراکنده­ای داشته، به گونه‌ای که گسترش بی رویه شهر موجب تخریب فضاهای پیرامون و خارج شدن شهر از شکل متقارن و استاندارد خود شده است. امروزه رشد ناموزون و گسترش بی رویه شهر از مسایل و معضلات کلانشهر تبریز محسوب می‌شود. روش پژوهش حاضر، کاربردی- تحلیلی بوده تا با گردآوری اطلاعات در طی دوره زمانی 25 ساله یعنی دهه 1375-1400 به صورت اسنادی-کتابخانه ای، پیمایش میدانی به صورت مراجعه به سازمان­ها و ادارات مربوطه و استفاده از روش  محاسباتی جای پای بوم شناختی، به سؤال اصلی تحقیق یعنی؛ «تغییرات کاربری اراضی کلانشهر تبریز طی دوره زمانی 25 ساله چه اثراتی بر روی محیط زیست و ظرفیت بوم شناختی تبریز گذاشته است؟» پاسخ دهد و راهکارهایی را برای بهبود وضعیت تغییرات اراضی و توان بوم شناختی شهر و توزیع متناسب جمعیت در کلانشهر تبریز ارائه نماید. از جمله نتایج به دست آمده در تحقیق حاضر این است که افزایش نرخ رشد جمعیت و به تبع آن گسترش و توسعه بی رویه کالبدی- فیزیکی شهر، طی این سال‌ها موجب افزایش تغییرات کاربری اراضی به ویژه تبدیل کاربری‌های زراعی و باغی به شهرک‌ها و مناطق مسکونی شده است. که این میزان تغییرات از توان اکولوژیکی کلانشهر تبریز خارج بوده و نیازمند مدیریت دقیق و منضبط می‌باشد. که در غیر این صورت با تدام یافتن این نوع چالش، کلانشهر تبریز طی سال‌های آتی دچار بحران و مشکلات قابل ملاحظه و تجدید ناپذیری خواهد شد.

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