Evaluation and analysis of the impact of information technology on the development of nature tourism in Konark city from the point of view of tourists

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master's in geography and tourism planning. University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan

3 Doctoral researcher of geography and urban planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract

The sampling method is simple random, and the sample size was 383 people using Morgan's table. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by the professors (Teaching Department of Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchistan) and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test at the level of 0.852. In order to analyze and test the hypotheses, inferential statistics methods including Smirnov-Kolmogrov test, sample t-test, Friedman and structural equations have been used. The findings of the research show that information technology and its components, such as the development of information technology infrastructure, electronic marketing and electronic commerce, have an effect on the development of nature tourism in Konark. In such a way that the criterion of virtual tourism was ranked first with an average of 4.50 and the criterion of telecommunication platform was ranked last with an average of 2.45. Thus, the innovation of the research is that for the first time, this research examines the comprehensive role and all aspects of information and communication technology in the development of nature tourism in the coastal areas of southern Iran, including the city of Kanarak, while Most of the researches have paid attention to electronic tourism and other aspects of tourism, including health and sports. In general, some platforms and suitable infrastructure, such as amplifier towers, telephone and Internet, and on the other hand, the lack of attention to the local handicrafts industry of the city has been neglected, which is to pay attention to the strengthening of fixed and mobile telephone lines and coverage. Proper internet, implementation of city and provincial television programs to introduce the tourist attractions of Konark city will be realized by the city administration, including the governor and municipality.

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Full Text

امروزه صنعت گردشگری به عنوان یکی از پر درآمدترین صنعت روز دنیا محسوب می­شود و یکی از اهداف اصلی برنامه ریزان و مسئولان اکثر کشورهای جهان است. از طرفی دیگر افزایش جمعیت، پیشرفت علوم و فنون، فراغت و بسیاری عوامل دیگر، باعث جلب توجه عموم مردم به مقوله گردشگری و طبیعت گردی شده است. در این پژوهش، به ارزیابی و تحلیل تأثیر فناوری اطلاعات بر توسعه طبیعت­گردی در شهرستان کنارک از دیدگاه گردشگران پرداخته شده است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف «کاربردی»، از نوع «توصیفی- تحلیلی» و از نظر شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات «اسنادی و پیمایشی» است. جمعیت آماری در این پژوهش، گردشگرانی است که به شهرستان کنارک سفر کرده­اند (برابر با 44289 نفر) و حداقل یکبار از خدمات الکترونیک در صنعت طبیعت­گردی استفاده نموده­اند. روش نمونه­گیری به صورت تصادفی ساده می­باشد که حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول مورگان 383 نفر انتخاب گردید. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه توسط اساتید (گروه آموزشی جغرافیا دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان) و پایایی آن با آزمون آلفای کرونباخ در سطح 852/0 محاسبه و تایید شد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل و آزمون فرضیه‌ها از روش­های آمار استنباطی شامل آزمون اسمیرنف-کلموگروف، تی­تک نمونه­ای، فریدمن و معادلات ساختاری استفاده شده است. یافته­های تحقیق نشان می­دهد که فناوری اطلاعات و مؤلفه­های آن مانند توسعه زیرساخت‌های فناوری اطلاعات، بازاریابی الکترونیکی و تجارت الکترونیک بر توسعه طبیعت گردی شهرستان کنارک تأثیر دارند. به گونه ای که معیار بوم گردی مجازی با میانگین 50/4 در رتبه اول و معیار بستر مخابراتی با میانگین 4۰/2 در رتبه آخر قرار گرفت. بدین ترتیب نوآوری پژوهش به این صورت می­باشد که این پژوهش برای بار اول  نقش  همه­جانبه و تمامی ابعاد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات را  در توسعه طبیعت گردی در  بین مناطق ساحلی جنوب ایران از جمله شهرستان کنارک مورد بررسی قرار می­دهد در حالی که  اکثر پژوهش ها به  گردشگری الکترونیکی و بقیه ابعاد گردشگری از جمله سلامت و ورزش توجه کرده اند. به طور کلی برخی بسترها و زیر ساخت مناسب از جمله دکل­های تقویت­کننده، تلفن و ایترنت و از طرفی عدم توجه به صنعت صنایع دستی بومی شهرستان مورد مغفول قرار گرفته است که توجه به تقویت خطوط ثابت و همراه  تلفن و پوشش­دهی اینترنت مناسب، اجرای برنامه­های تلویزیونی شهرستانی و استانی برای معرفی جاذبه­های گردشگری شهرستان کنارک از جانب مدیریت شهری از جمله فرمانداری و شهرداری محقق خواهد شد

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