Measuring and evaluating the environmental consequences of the physical growth of Piranshahr city

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of geography and urban planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

2 PhD student, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

3 Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The excessive increase of cities and their uneven growth due to natural population growth and excessive migrations is one of the fundamental problems of our country's urban network. Cities grow differently, including internal or endogenous development, connected or continuous urban development, and detached urban development. However, the issue of importance is how physical growth and development are formed and the extent and manner of expansion of cities, which has brought various economic-social and primarily environmental consequences. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the factors affecting the physical development of Piranshahr City and its environmental consequences for the future development of the city and to control and guide its determining factors and forces. To analyze the data from factor analysis methods, multivariate regression analysis (using SPSS software), as well as the use of Landsat 8 satellite images and the Crosstab model in the years 1365 to 1395 in two fifteen-year periods for the city of Piranshahr, and with The use of satellite image processing techniques and geographic information system have been evaluated and analyzed. The results of this article showed that the built area of Piranshahr city has increased from 144 hectares in 1365 to 958.77 hectares in 1395, which indicates a physical expansion of 6.5 times for this city, which is the result of population increase (natural growth - migration) and change of land use (agriculture, orchards, barren lands) to urban built lands.

Highlights

According to the results, the most important changes in land use in the urban area of ​​Piranshahr can be considered the reduction of agricultural and garden lands and residential constructions on them. Factors such as the natural growth of the population along with migration and the transformation of Piranshahr into a commercial-service and military city have given this city such rapid growth that itself has been a factor in the rapid physical expansion of the city. In order to benefit from the increase in population as well as spatial interactions and functional relationships, this city has always imposed major transformations and changes on its surrounding areas, such as the destruction of agricultural lands, the destruction of green spaces, and especially the change of land use in the suburbs, as well as the villages in the area of ​​influence. It is their sentence.

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Full Text

افزایش بی‌رویه شهرها و رشد ناموزون آنها به دلیل رشد طبیعی جمعیت و مهاجرت‌های بی‌رویه، یکی از مشکلات اساسی شبکه شهری ایران است. شهرها به گونه‌های مختلفی از جمله توسعه درونی یا درون‌زا، توسعه شهری متصل یا پیوسته و توسعه شهری منفصل رشد می‌کنند. اما مسئله دارای اهمیت، چگونگی شکل‌گیری رشد و توسعه کالبدی و میزان و نحوه گسترش شهرهاست که پیامدهای اقتصادی – اجتماعی و به ویژه محیط‌زیستی گوناگونی را به همراه داشته است. هدف مقاله حاضر بررسی و تحلیل عوامل موثر بر گسترش کالبدی شهر پیرانشهر و پیامدهای محیط‌زیستی آن به منظور توسعه آتی شهر و کنترل و هدایت عوامل و نیروهای تعیین‌کننده آن می باشد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های تحلیل عاملی، تحلیل رگرسیون چند متغیره (با کاربرد نرم‌افزار SPSS)، و همچنین استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای لندست 8 و مدل کراس تب در سال‌های 1365 تا 1395 در دو دوره پانزده ساله برای شهر پیرانشهر انجام شد و با استفاده از تکنیک‌های پردازش تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی مورد ارزیابی و تحلیل قرار گرفته‌اند. نتایج این مقاله نشان می دهد که مساحت ساخته شده شهر پیرانشهر از 144 هکتار در سال 1365 به 77/958 هکتار در سال 1395 رسیده است که نشان‌دهنده گسترش کالبدی 5/6 برابر برای این شهر است که این گسترش کالبدی نتیجه افزایش جمعیت (رشد طبیعی – مهاجرت) و تغییر کاربری اراضی (کشاورزی، باغات؛ اراضی بایر)، به اراضی ساخته شده شهری بوده است.

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