Analysis of Factors Affecting Rural Livelihoods (The Case Study: Villages of Sardasht Township)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran.

2 Young Researchers and Elite Club, sardasht Branch, Islamic Azad University.

3 Department of Geography and Rural Planing, University of Zabol, Zabol.

2

Abstract

Different geographic environments, offer different potentials and problems in different fields especially in livelihood activities of their residents, attention to which gains a lot of importance in local and environmental programming. Thus identification and analysis of rural potentials and problems is an important step in the process of planning a sustainable rural development. Thus, in an explanatory and analytical approach. This study aims to assess the livelihood problems for villagers living in of Sardasht township based on its findings. This research was conducted based on documents and library as well as interpretations and field survey with a descriptive approach. The statistical population consists 5722 people from the top 50 households of 8 villages of Sardasht township 386 of which were selected the Morgan tables as a statistical sample by simple random sampling and its data was analyzed by SPSS software. Results show that, supply factors imposed the livelihoods in this villages were affected by environmental conditions including gardening and non-agricultural activities, being in a boundary region has also caused smuggling activities. Also results generally show that significant relationship exists between geographic factors such as land slope, access to educational level, distance from boundary area and different earning source of rural livelihoods all of which generated specific livelihood pattern for the villages in the region. Areas of the border also cause direct and indirect employment (freight transportation and passenger operations, loading, etc) that share a border of more than direct employment of indirect employment.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

ـ اداره تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی شهرستان سردشت 1391.
ـ خضری، س. (1387) «جغرافیای طبیعی کردستان موکریان با تأکید بر حوضه زاب، چاپ دوم. تهران: انتشارات ناقوس.
ـ رضوانی، ع.ا. (1386)، «روابط متقابل شهر و روستا با تأکید بر ایران»، چاپ هفتم، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه پیام نور.
ـ رفیع­فر، ج. و قربانی، ح.ر. (1387)، «جغرافیا و معیشت: بررسی روند تغییرات معیشتی کوچندگان بختیاری»، پژوهش­های جغرافیایی، شماره 63، صص 65 – 47.
ـ سازمان مدیریت و برنامه­ریزی (1378)، «اولین گزارش ملی توسعه انسانی ایران».
ـ سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن، شناسنامه آبادی­های کشور، استان آذربایجان غربی، شهرستان سردشت، تهران مرکز آمار ایران (1390)، مرکز آمار ایران، شهرستان سردشت: روستاهای سردشت، 1390- 1355.
ـ شمس­الدینی، ع.؛ شکور، ع. و گرجیان، پ. (1391)، «تحلیلی بر وضعیت معیشتی مهاجرین روستایی در شهرها (مطالعه موردی: دهستان رستم دو- شهرستان رستم)»، فصل­نامهآمایشمحیط، شماره 20، صص 137-153.
ـ مطیعی لنگرودی، ح. (1384)، «برنامه­ریزی روستایی با تأکید بر ایران»، چاپ دوم. مشهد: انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد.
- Chambers, R, (1997), “Who’s Reality Counts? Putting the First Last”, London: Intermediate Technology Publications.
- Chambers, R., (2005), “Idens for Development”, Earth Scan Publication, London, SteringVA.
- Cramb, R.A., Purcell, T. and Ho, (2004), “T.C.S, Participatory assessment of rural livelihoods in the Central Highlands of Vietnam”, Agricultural Systems, 81: PP 255–272.
- Ellis, F, (2000), “Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries”, OxfordUniversity Press, Oxford.
- Ellis, F. and Bahllgwa, G. (2003),” Livelihoods and Rural Poverty Reduction in Uganda”, World Development, Vol. 31, No. 6, PP 997–1013.
- Ellis, F. and Mdoe, E. (2003), “Livelihoods and Rural Poverty Reduction in Tanzania”, World Development, Vol. 31, No. 8, pp. 1367–1384.
- Ellis, F. Kutengule, M. and Nyasulu, A. (2003), “Livelihoods and Rural Poverty Reduction in Malawi”, World Development, Vol. 31, No. 9, PP 1495–1510.
- Lele, S. (1991), “Sustainable development: a critical review”, World Development, Vol. 19, no 6.
- Shen, F., (2009), “Tourism and Sustainable Livelihoods Approach: Application within the Chinese context”, Ph.D. Thesis, LincolnUniversity.
- Sherbinin, A., VanWey, L.K., McSweeney, Kendra, Aggarwal, R., Barbieri, A., Henry, S., Hunter, L. M., Twine, W., Walker, Robert. (2008), “Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment, Global Environmental Change, 18: PP 38–53.
- Sing, S. (1993), “Some aspects of rural non-farm sector development in developing countries, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 36, No. 30.
- Van den Berg, M. (2010), “Household income strategies and natural disasters: Dynamic livelihoods in rural Nicaragua”, Ecological Economics, 69: PP 592–602.
- Yi-P F., Jie, F., Mao, y S., Meng, Q.S. (2014) “Sensitivity of livelihood strategy to livelihood capital in mountain areas: Empirical analysis based on different settlements in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River”, China, Ecological Indicators, Vol 38, PP 225–235.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics