An analysis of the effective components of urban landscape perception in the historical contexts of the city; Simulation of pedestrian perception based on movement speed (case example: historical context of Zanjan city)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Azad University

2 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch

10.22034/gp.2025.64361.3322

Abstract

One of the critical parameters for designing walking infrastructure is the walking pace of pedestrians under various conditions. Cities’ historical fabrics serve as valuable cultural heritage and design challenges have always influenced the movement pace of pedestrians. The study method was descriptive-analytical from a typology point of view, and a field survey was used. The study method was descriptive-analytical from a typology point of view, and a field survey was used. Findings showed that aesthetics components, especially at the road leading to the Sabze Meidan pedestrian zone held the highest average rates due to its spatial identity path readability, visual elements, traditional and modern architecture, activity and functional diversity, natural and artificial elements, such as memorial statues, the Grand Mosque, bazaar, and the Sabze Meidan Park, which increased landscape perception because of people’s presence in various hours of the day.

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Full Text

یکی از پارامترهای اساسی در طراحی زیرساخت‌های پیاده‌روی، سرعت حرکت عابران پیاده در شرایط گوناگون است. بافت‌های تاریخی شهرها به‌عنوان میراث فرهنگی ارزشمند همیشه مورد توجه بوده و چالش‌های طراحی منظر بر سرعت قدم‌زدن تأثیرگذار هستند. بنابراین، این تحقیق به بررسی مؤلفه‌های ادراک منظر شهری در بافت تاریخی شهر زنجان براساس سرعت حرکت پیاده می‌پردازد.

 روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی و بر پایه پیمایش میدانی است. از میان 384 نفر با سطح خطای05/0 درصد و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده صورت گرفت. برای شناسایی مؤلفه‌های ادراکی افراد پیاده، آزمون آماری میانگین در نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده شد. همچنین برای سنجش سرعت حرکت عابران با توجه به منظر محیط و فعالیت‌ها، از تحلیل‌های کریجینگ و وزن فاصله معکوس در نرم‌افزار ArcGIS بهره گرفته شد.

نتایج نشان داد عوامل زیباشناختی، به ویژه در مسیر منتهی به پیاده‌راه سبزه میدان، به خاطر هویت مکانی، خوانایی مسیر، عناصر بصری و معماری سنتی و مدرن، تنوع فعالیتی و وجود عناصر طبیعی و مصنوعی مانند مجسمه‌های یادبود، مسجد جامع، بازار و پارک سبزه‌میدان بالاترین میانگین را دارند و ادراک منظر را با حضور افراد در ساعات مختلف روز افزایش می‌دهند. همچنین، نتایج مدل‌های شبیه‌سازی و توزیع فضایی نشان داد که توزیع فضایی ناشی از حرکت و سرعت عابران در مسیرهای منتهی به پیاده‌راه سبزه‌میدان به صورت خوشه‌ای بوده و طراحی مناسب، روشنایی مسیر، تنوع فعالیتی، معماری سنتی و مدرن سبب کاهش سرعت و افزایش درک محیط می‌شوند. با این رویکرد، توجه به مؤلفه‌های زیبایی‌شناختی مانند عناصر معماری، بصری و تنوع عملکردی به وضوح و هویت فضاهای شهری کمک زیادی می‌کنند.

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