Investigating the Impact of Environmental Changes on Agricultural Land Use Change in Highlands (Case study of Fereydunshahr County)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Lecture of university

10.22034/gp.2025.65934.3366

Abstract

Fereydounshahr, with an average altitude of more than 2,530 meters above sea level, is considered one of the highest counties in Esfahan Province. Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors in this Region, and a portion of the county's land is dedicated to this activity. Land use change is one of the important issues in this region in the field of natural resource management, and it has increased rapidly in recent years. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of environmental factors on agricultural land use change in Fereydounshahr County from 2000 to 2020. This research, using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques, has mapped and analyzed land use changes, especially in agriculture, in the form of thematic maps, and has examined and evaluated the most important environmental factors affecting the changes according to the perspective of the farming community using factor analysis and the perspective of relevant experts using paired comparisons using the eigenvector method. The results showed that there is generally a systematic change trend in most land use classes. Agricultural land use in this county has changed significantly over the past 20 years. So that the area of arable and garden lands has increased from 16,367.2 hectares in 2000 to 20,259.3 hectares in 2020 and this upward trend is currently continuing. The area of agricultural land is expanding on lands with slopes above 20%. The important reasons for these changes are economic issues, climatic fluctuations, and technological development. Considering the topography of the city, encroachment on lands that are not suitable for cultivation in terms of soil parameters, height, and slope will cause irreparable environmental consequences and damage to the environment of this region. The results of this research will provide more efficient decision-making towards natural resource sustainability for regional planners

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Full Text

شهرستان فریدونشهر با ارتفاع متوسط بیش از 2530 متر از سطح دریا یکی از مرتفع‌ترین شهرستان‌های استان اصفهان محسوب می‌شود. کشاورزی یکی از مهم‌ترین بخش‌های فعال اقتصادی در شهرستان فریدونشهر است و بخش عمده­ای از اراضی شهرستان به این فعالیت اختصاص دارد. تغییر کاربری اراضی یکی از مسائل مهم این شهرستان در حوزه مدیریت منابع طبیعی است و در طی سال­های اخیر به سرعت آن افزوده شده است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر تغییر کاربری اراضی کشاورزی شهرستان فریدونشهر طی دوره 2000 تا 2020 انجام شده است. این تحقیق با بهره­گیری از تکنیک­های دور­سنجی ­(RS) و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی  (GIS)، تغییرات کاربری اراضی  به­ویژه بر کشاورزی را در قالب نقشه­های موضوعی ترسیم و تحلیل کرده و  مهم­ترین عوامل محیطی مؤثر در تغییرات صورت گرفته را مطابق دیدگاه جامعه کشاورزان به روش تحلیل­عاملی و دیدگاه کارشناسان ذیربط در قالب مقایسات زوجی به روش بردار ویژه بررسی و ارزیابی کرده است. نتایج نشان داد که به طور کلی یک روند تغییر منظم در اکثر طبقات کاربری وجود دارد. کاربری اراضی کشاورزی در این شهرستان در طی 20 سال گذشته به میزان قابل توجهی تغییر کرده است. به طوری­که مساحت اراضی زراعی و باغی در سال 2000 با 2/16367 هکتار به 3/20259 هکتار در سال 2020رسیده است و در­حال حاضر این روند صعودی ادامه دارد. با در نظر گرفتن وضعیت توپوگرافی منطقه؛ سطح اراضی کشاورزی در زمین­های با شیب­ بالای 20 درصد درحال گسترش است. مهم­ترین دلایل این تغییرات مسائل اقتصادی، نوسانات اقلیمی و گسترش فناوری هستند. با توجه به وضعیت توپوگرافی شهرستان؛ تجاوز به اراضی که از لحاظ پارامترهای خاک، ارتفاع و شیب برای کشت مناسب نیستند تبعات و آسیب­های جبران­ناپذیر زیست­محیطی برای محیط این منطقه به بار خواهد آورد. نتایج  این تحقیق تصمیم­سازی کارآمدتر را در راستای  پایداری منابع طبیعی  برای برنامه­ریزان و مدیران منطقه­ای فراهم می­نماید.

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