Research Paper
Geotourism
hassan esmaeilzadeh; Mostafa Haraeeni Haraeeni; mehrdad bahrami
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 1-21
Abstract
Tourism is a service industry which is mainly affected by the quality of services. Moreover, it can be stated that quality of services and tourists satisfaction are important factors in tourism planning, getting to which may help develop tourism. In this study it is intended to evaluate satisfaction ...
Read More
Tourism is a service industry which is mainly affected by the quality of services. Moreover, it can be stated that quality of services and tourists satisfaction are important factors in tourism planning, getting to which may help develop tourism. In this study it is intended to evaluate satisfaction level of tourism from the quality of catering services in Darakeh restaurants in Tehran based on SERVQUAL model. Research method is based on a descriptive-analytic method in this study. In this study library documents and filed studies (including observation, interviewing, and questionnaire) were data gathering tools. Data reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach alfa to be 0.826 and data validity was assessed using content validity method (according to dear professors). Descriptive and inferential statistical tests (Wilcoxon and Pearson tests) were used for data analysis. Study statistical society included tourists who have used services of Darakeh restaurants and sample size was calculated using Cochran formula with random sampling. Results of study based on five qualities of service dimensions of SERVQUAL method, showed that highest and lowest gaps are observed in empathy dimensions with 0.77 quality difference and tangibles with 0.08 quality difference, respectively. Additionally, the relation between level of education and different dimensions of quality of services were assessed by means of Spearman Correlation Coefficient and a negative significant relationship was observed between income level and overall quality of service at 99 percent level.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Ebrahim Asghari-Kaljahi; Ghodrat Barzegari; Robab Azarmi; Azadeh Shahbazi
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 23-44
Abstract
Site selection for landfill is an important issue for planning and management of solid waste materials on the metropolitan cities. In order to prevention of environmental, ecological and economical impacts of waste material, investigations for selection of suitable site should be done in a scientific ...
Read More
Site selection for landfill is an important issue for planning and management of solid waste materials on the metropolitan cities. In order to prevention of environmental, ecological and economical impacts of waste material, investigations for selection of suitable site should be done in a scientific trend. Nowadays multi-criteria decision analysis methods and GIS systems are widely using for environmental planning.Shahindezh city with 35 tones daily waste material production is facing with environmental, social and healthy problems. In this research, in roder to selection of suitable site for landfill of Shahindezh city, some important criteria including hydrogeology, hydrogeology, litology, land use, vegetables developing, soil condition, topography, transmission lines, distance from city and main roads and faults are considered. After making pair-wise comparison matrix for the criteria, the weight of information layers determined by using of Expert Choice11 software in the GIS media based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Therefore the appropriate zones for landfill of Shahindezh city are divided into four categories according to the location potential from completely suitable to completely unsuitable. As a result 6 areas are selected and subjected to visiting and filed investigations. In term of site visit, three areas are determined as proper locations. The selected areas are compared to each other based on similarity to the ideal choice by using TOPSIS method. Finally area no. 2 located in the west of Shahindezh (in the north of the upper Sarojeh village) was introduced as the best area for landfill site of this city.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
jamal amini; mansur azizi; mahsa faramarziasl
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 45-66
Abstract
Today, one of the most important and complex cases for urban planners is to decide on suitable places for future development of the city and the identification of suitable land for development, which is important only with a comprehensive view of all the factors influencing the physical development of ...
Read More
Today, one of the most important and complex cases for urban planners is to decide on suitable places for future development of the city and the identification of suitable land for development, which is important only with a comprehensive view of all the factors influencing the physical development of the city. , Will be realized. Recognizing and determining the suitability and potential of land for urban and physical development is one of the primary measures in spatial and environmental planning. The purpose of this study was to identify and determine the spatial distribution of areas suitable for physical development in Mahabad city, in view of the factors affecting the physical development of the city. The criteria used included topographic layers, geology, land use, slope, slope direction, river basin, access to communication networks and observance of fault boundaries. Which determined the land suitability using the criteria used and the TOPSIS Fuzzy model in the GIS environment. The land suitability for physical development was divided into five suitable, appropriate, moderate, inappropriate and very suitable classes and its zoning plan was prepared. The results indicated that 11% of the study area was very suitable and unrestricted, suitable 7.8%, 20.32% moderate, 29.2% unsatisfactory and 30.96% of the total area of the study area was very unsuitable for development The physical-spatial of the city.Keyword: Physical development, land suitability, TOPSIS Fuzzy, Mahabad
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Seyed Ali Badri; Masoud Anbarlo; zahra malek jafariyan
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 67-94
Abstract
Rural managers and study of their performance in rural development is one the important topics of rural management. Using public cooperation and participation, rural managers have attempted to eliminate pubic needs, collect garbage, provide public services, and develop pathways. Choosing and explaining ...
Read More
Rural managers and study of their performance in rural development is one the important topics of rural management. Using public cooperation and participation, rural managers have attempted to eliminate pubic needs, collect garbage, provide public services, and develop pathways. Choosing and explaining components and indicators of research were conducted according to the related literature. So that five components and forty indices were assessed. for effective component (rural managers awareness level of rules and regulations) and impressionable component (desirable rural management). The statistical society of this study include 60 Rural Manager from under study area. The research tools were validated based on experts’ opinions and durability of questionnaire was determined and validated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. There was a positive and meaningful relationship between rural managers awareness level of rural rules and regulations, and desirable rural management; furthermore, there was such a relationship between rural managers awareness level of social rules and regulations and desirable social rural management as well as between rural managers awareness level of economic rules and regulations and desirable economic management of villages. Actually, the results of research showed that the development level of villages have influence on increment of rural managers awareness level of rules and regulations and enhancement of desirable rural management. Thus, paying attention to rural managers awareness level of rules and regulations is a priority for rural managers empowerment in local management, desirable rural management and development level of villages, and leads to enhancement of existing potentials of rural residences. Indeed, the enhancement and improvement of rural development indicators and enhancement of rural managers awareness of functional rules and regulations must be considered by policy-makers and planners of rural development as one of the effective strategies and the required background and infrastructure for realization of it must be provided.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Hossein Panahi; Parviz Mohammadzadeh; Yadollah Divsalar
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 95-115
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran during the years 2006-2015, by using the surplus function, based on the presence of the government as a provider of public goods and services. To do so, using the total surplus function approach which is defined by ...
Read More
The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran during the years 2006-2015, by using the surplus function, based on the presence of the government as a provider of public goods and services. To do so, using the total surplus function approach which is defined by the difference between the total income and the total expenditure of the households working and living in the large cities, the optimal size of the metropolises of Iran is estimated. Findings of research show that the total benefits and total costs increase as population of cites increases. The coefficient of population in the household expenditure function is very close to the coefficient of population in total cost function, this means that the expenditure of household in the metropolises of Iran is increasing. The greater the coefficient of population in benefit cost function Than the coefficient of population in total cost function indicates that people living in cities benefit from urban interests, which is the same increase in income and do not participate in paying social costs and this has caused that the size of the metropolises of Iran exceed its optimum level.
Research Paper
Geotourism
mohsen tavakoli
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 117-139
Abstract
Zoning is a technique for minimizing damages of protected area, by which we can delay damage time and cater for opportunities to make necessary decisions. This research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the Fuzzy-AHP model for zoning national natural monuments in Dehloran in Ilam province. To ...
Read More
Zoning is a technique for minimizing damages of protected area, by which we can delay damage time and cater for opportunities to make necessary decisions. This research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the Fuzzy-AHP model for zoning national natural monuments in Dehloran in Ilam province. To do so, all factors including slope, aspect, topographic map, soil texture, vegetation type, sediment condition, erosion type, land use, geology map, and wildlife map which were taken into account. In this study, Fuzzy-AHP method and GIS have been used for ecological assessment. Analysis and evaluation of modeling has been done based on raster layers and with the amount of Gama by 0.9 for the final layer Zonation map showing 5 zones including core zone with the area of 192.3 hectares (13 %), buffer zone with the area of 829.8 hectares (56%), expanded recreation zone with the area of 371.8 hectares (25%), intensive recreation zone with the area of 3.9 hectares (0.3%) and multilateral uses zone with the area of 86 hectares (5.7%). Buffer zone has the highest area of the region and plays as a protection belt around core zone and will reduce all kinds of damages.
Research Paper
Climatology
faride habibi; Mahboobe Firoozabadi; fatemeh zarei
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 141-162
Abstract
This research is investigated the precipitation system which created the significant rainfall and flooding in the southern and southwestern of Iran on the 14 and 15th March 2014, with using Metar and Synop reports from the synoptic stations of southern provinces; and weather patterns such as: mean see ...
Read More
This research is investigated the precipitation system which created the significant rainfall and flooding in the southern and southwestern of Iran on the 14 and 15th March 2014, with using Metar and Synop reports from the synoptic stations of southern provinces; and weather patterns such as: mean see level pressure - advections of humid, temperature at 1000, 850 and 500 hpa - the pressure tendency over 24 hours at 500 hpa; wind field at 1000 and 200 hpa - and jet stream at 200 hpa. This rainy system was compared with the system of March 1996, which it had the second largest maximum rainfall in this region during the past 58 years. The weather patterns of March 2014 are quite different from patterns of March 1996. The first case has been created by potential instability due to the dynamic low pressure, but the latter has been formed by the combination of Mediterranean low pressure and Sudanese low. Of course, the gradual meridianization of the strong sub-tropical jet stream in the northwestern part of Africa, and penetration of its branch over the Persian Gulf have helped to intensify the instability of these areas on the mentioned days.The Maximum 24-hour rainfall has been reported from Bandarabbas, Rudan and Kahnuj stations that their amount was respectively 110, 78.5 and 69 mm. Three stations located in the easterly flank of precipitation system where there was the abundant moisture nutrition from the Strait of Hormuz. The left exit region of sub-tropical jet stream was situated over the hormozgan province and caused the lifting air flow in the region. The sum of these factors have caused the maximum rainfall occurs in this province
Research Paper
Rural Planning
mehrshad toulabi nejad; sirous ghanbari; mohsen shayan
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 163-185
Abstract
Social capital is a key factor in the sustainable development of rural sustainable development and the social dimension of sustainable development in different regions, regardless of social capital and social and economic welfare of rural households is not possible. In this article using the study questionnaire ...
Read More
Social capital is a key factor in the sustainable development of rural sustainable development and the social dimension of sustainable development in different regions, regardless of social capital and social and economic welfare of rural households is not possible. In this article using the study questionnaire on the role of social capital on economic and social welfare of rural households in rural in Eastern Miyankoh has been investigated. In this study, the lack of population (514 households), 103 households using the Cochran formula (12 villages) were selected as sample.The results of the analysis based on data Analysis of the correlation coefficient, Mauritius shows the relationship between social capital and welfare households in the study area quite significant and social participation index greatest impact on the social and economic welfare of households in the district had studied.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
musa abedini; shahram roostaei; Mohammad Hossein Fathi
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 187-205
Abstract
Diagnosis and classification of landslides is a critical need in the risk analysis before and after the disaster. And primarily through land surveying or traditional interpretation of images was done. In this paper to identify and classify types of object-oriented approach landslide has been paid. The ...
Read More
Diagnosis and classification of landslides is a critical need in the risk analysis before and after the disaster. And primarily through land surveying or traditional interpretation of images was done. In this paper to identify and classify types of object-oriented approach landslide has been paid. The data used in this study consisted of false color images obtained from satellite data Resourcesat-1 with spatial resolution of 5.8 meters and digital elevation models with 2.5-meter resolution satellite image of 10 meters of Cartosat-1 was used. This method was used for the North West basin and then used without further reforms in the eastern part of the basin. A total of three sliding using this method accurately identified 71.11% and 91.4% classification accuracy has been detected. In this way, the landslide early detection of high accuracy and speed, hence has great potential to assist in risk analysis, disaster management and decision making process after the earthquake or heavy rainfall, can be used related entities, including crisis management headquarters, natural resources and watershed institutions.
Research Paper
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
Mehdi Karami Dehkordi; hoseyn kohestani; hoseyn yad avar; ramin roshandel
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 207-229
Abstract
The main goal of this study is qualitative to analyze of inhibiting factors to use of renewable energies in Chaharmahal VA Bakhtiari province. The paradigm for this study is qualitative and use of the grounded theory method for analyzing. The statistical population consisted of three different groups ...
Read More
The main goal of this study is qualitative to analyze of inhibiting factors to use of renewable energies in Chaharmahal VA Bakhtiari province. The paradigm for this study is qualitative and use of the grounded theory method for analyzing. The statistical population consisted of three different groups (key informants in villages, energy experts in Chaharmahal VA Bakhtiari province and stakeholders in Kahkesh village) that selected by purposed sampling (snow ball method). The data collection process was accomplished with in depth interviews, focus groups and direct observations. This process was continued up to the theoretical saturation point. After data collection, the data were categorized and analyzed by the application of coding system. First of all, open coding, then axial coding and finally selective coding were used respectively. Result showed; information and cultural factor with 10item, politicize with 8 items, education and research with 6 items, human factor and investment factors with 4 items and finally technology item with 3 items in order of priority to have.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
manijeh lalehpour; Marziyeh Esmaeelpour; elham shojaie
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 230-249
Abstract
In order to achieve electronic city, a city should reach a suitable degree in electronic readiness. The aim of this study is consideration and examination of Tabriz metropolis in order to establishment of electronic city. Statistical population of the research is the citizens of four regions in Tabriz ...
Read More
In order to achieve electronic city, a city should reach a suitable degree in electronic readiness. The aim of this study is consideration and examination of Tabriz metropolis in order to establishment of electronic city. Statistical population of the research is the citizens of four regions in Tabriz metropolis. These regions differ in geographic characteristics and include city's central business district (region 8), inner- city texture (region 3), informal textures (region 7) and urban planned textures (region 5). The aim is to recognize differences among these regions in electronic readiness components. To this end, according to these regions population, the sample size was determined 383 individuals using Cochran formula. Then, using quota sampling, depending on population of each region, the proportion of each region from sample size was determined. Using Cronbach's alpha, reliability of questionnaire was estimated at .76. The method of this research is descriptive- analytical and required data was collected using library and field studies (questionnaire). Based on CID model, the components of the research were classified into 5 groups. In order to analysis of data, one sample T test and Kruskal Wallis has been used. The results show that based on T test in all regions the mean is greater than threshold value (2) and the p-value (0.000) is quite small (less than the common -level of 0.05). So, studied regions are in a suitable situation in terms of electronic readiness. In order to illustrate differences between the regions, Kruskal Wallis was used. Based on this test, there is a significant difference among regions in electronic access, electronic society, electronic economy and electronic policy. Just, there is not a significant difference in electronic education among 4 regions.
Research Paper
Climatology
Firouz Mojarrad; Bahman Farhadi; Zhila Olfati
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 251-271
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important strategic agricultural products which is crucial in providing food for the people of our country. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of AquaCrop plant simulation model, as one of the newest models, in determining the yield and planting date of rainfed ...
Read More
Wheat is one of the most important strategic agricultural products which is crucial in providing food for the people of our country. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of AquaCrop plant simulation model, as one of the newest models, in determining the yield and planting date of rainfed and irrigated wheat in Kermanshah province. For this purpose, the rainfed and irrigated wheat yield was simulated by AquaCrop model using daily climatic data of five synoptic stations, including precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures, potential evapotranspiration, wind speed and sunshine hours in a 22-year (1992-2013) period, as well as other environmental information. Among the dates entered to the model, the date that had the highest yield was selected as the best planting date. The results showed that from the point of view of yield, Ravansar and Sarpole-Zahab plains are more susceptible for planting rainfed and irrigated wheat, respectively. Wheat yield showed great sensitivity to changes in planting date. Planting dates in the stations were proposed from October 10 to November 20 for rainfed wheat, and from October 10 to November 10 for irrigated wheat, that match well with the actual dates of planting in the region. In general, AquaCrop model well simulated the different stages of growth and yield of rainfed and irrigated wheat according to the climatologic conditions of Kermanshah Province, and therefore could be an important tool to evaluate the potential wheat yield in the province and other regions with similar climates.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
farzin mahmodi pati; zohre bolori
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 281-305
Abstract
The growth of increasing citizenship aspects and the formation of the new values from the city growth during the recent years caused that the contemporary city and city making face to a novel challenging as the study of social domains have a great importance in recent years .The main case of this research ...
Read More
The growth of increasing citizenship aspects and the formation of the new values from the city growth during the recent years caused that the contemporary city and city making face to a novel challenging as the study of social domains have a great importance in recent years .The main case of this research is the study of the relationship components affecting on the amount of social interactions.The current research method is analytical -descriptive and it is applied in purpose. The statistical population studied is people who live in Aspeh Kola Amol with 1773 household which were selected among 375 families using the simple random sampling. The reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire calculated by 0.849 Cronbach's alpha. and the analysis of the data was done by Structural Equations for the scientific measuring, reliability surviving and accesing of the model. The outcoming result show that there are relationship among the components of framework structure, enviromental understanding and the amount of social interactions. in addition to the above relationships, it is confirmed that there are relationship between political culturl- social structure and the environmental framework structure with the amount of social interactions with interfacing of environmental understanding.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
mahla tayefi nasrabadi; Hosein Hatamei
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 307-327
Abstract
The most important feature of the current urbanization era is population growth and cities development that the continuation of this, the growing need for bio-places and creating residential areas more than ever felt. On the other hand, due to the inertia of life, setting the economy as a principle and ...
Read More
The most important feature of the current urbanization era is population growth and cities development that the continuation of this, the growing need for bio-places and creating residential areas more than ever felt. On the other hand, due to the inertia of life, setting the economy as a principle and the multiple mass construction in different parts of the urban context without paying attention to functional, psychic and mental needs of its future residents, with the purpose of overcoming the housing shortage problem, other problems will crystallize that the most important of them are hurting the family foundation and the community. According to this, creating stability in the housing sector and its planning in the direction of sustainable urban development is an important step in reducing the current instability which can arise through three basic criteria of social, economic and physical together. The aim of this study is measuring the housing sustainability indicators of the housing of region one of Mashhad municipality and help to promote these spaces through suggestions to make them more sustainable and extending it to similar areas. This research in terms of target is an applied research that has been done with descriptive-analytical method and based on library-documentary resources and surveys. The research statistical society is the people who lives in the region one of Mashhad that by using a Cochran formula, random sample consists of 384 people with questionnaire in SPSS software have been studied and analyzed by the one-sample T-Test. The research findings indicate that the housing of region one of Mashhad municipality in economic and physical criteria has somewhat stable conditions and in the social criteria has unstable conditions; As the most stable indicator of housing, having the facilities and the most unstable indicator, neighborhood relationships are known.
Research Paper
Geotourism
farzad veisi; chnoor nikkhah
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, Pages 329-348
Abstract
The purpose of this very research is to analyze the effects of tourism development on the sustainable livelihood and livelihood sustainability of the Uraman region. This research is a functional proposal and is a descriptive survey in terms of collecting data. The Statistical Population is all of Uraman ...
Read More
The purpose of this very research is to analyze the effects of tourism development on the sustainable livelihood and livelihood sustainability of the Uraman region. This research is a functional proposal and is a descriptive survey in terms of collecting data. The Statistical Population is all of Uraman Takht residents which were settled there in 1395. Using the Cochran formula, 351 subjects were selected through the convenience sampling method. In the livelihood approach realm, sources are assorted into five groups; human, physical, financial, natural and social origins which are accessible to household members or they own them. According to the tourism importance in the rural area of Oraman and the effects it has on people's livelihoods, we aim analyze the effects of developing tourism on sustainable livelihood and subsistence stability in Oraman region. The purpose of this research is functional and is based on a survey-descriptive method to collect data. Using Cochran's sample size formula, 351 persons were selected in forms of convenience sampling. The data collection tool in this study is the researcher-made questionnaire. Which includes human, social, financial, natural, and physical dimensions of sustainable livelihoods which it's Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha by the value of (0.84).The results showed that the tourism has a significant effect on all livelihood origins such as human, social, physical, natural and financial. This study examines the impact of tourism on each dimension using the Friedman test and showed that the greatest impact of tourism on the five dimensions of sustainable livelihood has been on the financial, natural, social, physical and human dimensions, respectively. In general, it can be concluded that tourism has a significant impact on the livelihoods of the Uraman Takht community.
