Research Paper
Geotourism
Hossain Hamedpour Darabi; Marzieh Rezaei; Mohammad Akbarian
Abstract
Population increase, urban sprawl and marginalization, demands entertainment, sightseeing, and the use of recreation spaces around cities. Afforestation canopy within the vicinity, in addition to the environmental benefits, can also meet part of the city dweller’s recreation needs. Therefore, the ...
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Population increase, urban sprawl and marginalization, demands entertainment, sightseeing, and the use of recreation spaces around cities. Afforestation canopy within the vicinity, in addition to the environmental benefits, can also meet part of the city dweller’s recreation needs. Therefore, the present study tries to identify the criteria and indicators for the designing of forest landscapes in the Southern Iran’s Sahara-Sindhi habitat and introduce them for ecotourism use. This research is based on reviewing previous research, questionnaires and using the Delphi method. Said questionnaires contain the following criteria: ecology, economics, social and infrastructure, that was compiled by the researchers and presented to a group of 15 respondents. Ecology’s criteria, with four sub-criteria and 25 indicators; Economics criteria, with two sub-criteria and 10 indicators; Social’s criterion with two sub-criteria and nine indicators and Infrastructure criterion with two sub-criteria and 27 indicators. Applying opinions from our panel of experts and calculating average scores, four criteria, 9 sub-criteria and 62 indicators were identified as " ecotourism-based afforestation designing for Southern Iran’s Sahara-Sindhi habitat". The results show that social, economic, ecological and infrastructural criteria are prioritized with scores of 35.1,35.0, 33.1 and 30.1, respectively. Based on the slight difference in social and economic criteria, it can be said that in designing such ecotourism destinations, local awareness, well-being, income, livelihood of local communities, efficiency of ecotourism and investment in the region are the most important aspects and should be prioritized, considering that the represented criteria all have very little difference in scores. Therefore, we could announce that all mentioned criteria are important and according to the respondents, they should be taken into consideration for afforestation designing.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
sayyad asghari; shiva safari; elham mollanouri
Abstract
Land displacement is known as one of the most obvious invisible effects of natural earthquake hazards. In the present study, the radar interferometric technique (SBAS) using the images of Sentinel 1 (2018 to 2021) was used to estimate the land subsidence, and the Landsat 8 image of 2018 was used to extract ...
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Land displacement is known as one of the most obvious invisible effects of natural earthquake hazards. In the present study, the radar interferometric technique (SBAS) using the images of Sentinel 1 (2018 to 2021) was used to estimate the land subsidence, and the Landsat 8 image of 2018 was used to extract the land use classes in a part of the Sarab county. Also, the data obtained from the regional water organization has been used to investigate the condition of underground water in connection with the subsidence caused by displacement. According to the findings and survey of the land use map of the study area, the subsidence can be seen in different places and it reaches 9 cm per year around the agricultural areas and pastures. Also, in some places, the rising rate is estimated up to 12 cm. Examining the condition of aquifers shows a drop in the level of underground water in most stations, especially a sudden drop since the beginning of 2018. Considering that the direct relationship between groundwater withdrawal and subsidence has been fully proven; But after the 5.9 magnitude earthquake in November 2018, sudden changes have occurred in the subsidence of the region. Therefore, it seems that the subsidence of the region is more affected by the earthquake.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Maryam Bayati Khatibi
Abstract
Tabriz city in East Azarbaijan province also has a high potential in terms of having natural attractions and suitable climatic conditions. In this research, in order to evaluate the suitability of a suitable ecotourism location using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and using the method (OWa) and ...
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Tabriz city in East Azarbaijan province also has a high potential in terms of having natural attractions and suitable climatic conditions. In this research, in order to evaluate the suitability of a suitable ecotourism location using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and using the method (OWa) and Geographical Information System (GIS) were first examined according to the situation of the study area and the opinions of nature tourism experts and the evaluation of effective options in evaluating the spatial suitability of ecotourism development and all the options were converted into information layers and finally Using the AHP FUZZY technique with the OWA method in the GIS environment with the combination of 16 layers of information, the spatial compatibility map of the ecotourism development of the study area was prepared. Based on the results obtained from the spatial suitability map of ecotourism development in the study area, 52493.8 hectares or in other words 23.48% of the area is at a very favorable level, 50017.8 hectares or 22.38% of the study area is favorable and 1 51709/ or in other words 23/13 is at the average level. Also, the results of this research showed that the most unsuitable areas for the development of ecotourism include 24659.3 or in other words 11.03% of the entire area. The central region of Tabriz has a high potential for ecotourism. This area is in a very favorable condition in terms of research criteria. Thus, in terms of the most important criteria, i.e. distance from natural landscapes, distance from historical, religious and ancient attractions, and distance from facilities and services, due to its proximity to neighboring cities, including Tabriz itself, as the capital of the province, it has a good status compared to other parts of Tabriz city.
Research Paper
Climatology
Atefeh Hoseini Sadr; bromand salahi; Gholam Hasan Mohammadi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term fluctuations and trend in horizontal visibility in the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, hourly horizontal visibility data from 7 synoptic stations were used for the period of 1951-2020. The Koschmieder approach was used to calculate the extinction ...
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The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term fluctuations and trend in horizontal visibility in the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, hourly horizontal visibility data from 7 synoptic stations were used for the period of 1951-2020. The Koschmieder approach was used to calculate the extinction coefficient. Moreover, the Mann-Kendall and Rdit tests were applied to examine the trend of horizontal visibility. Also, the percentages of very good visibility (>19 km) compared with bad (<10 km) visibilities. Based on the results the annual average of horizontal visibility in northwest of Iran is ~13 km. This study showed three different fluctuation periods in the regional average of horizontal visibility: the first period (1951-1985) showed a sharp decrease in the visibility, the second period (1987-2005) was characterized by a low and stable visibility, and the third period showed a recent relative improvement. The regional average of horizontal visibility (extinction coefficient) exhibited a significant decreasing (increasing) trend of -0.167(0.0017) km per year at a confidence level of 0.01. The significant decreasing trend was confirmed in all stations except for the Ardabil station. The most severe decreasing trend was detected in Sanandaj and Zanjan stations with rates of 0.183 and 0.179 km year-1, respectively. The region-average of Rdit statistic in northwest Iran in the early 1950s was ~0.85, but it decreased to around 0.3 in the 1990s. Despite the recent improvement in horizontal visibility, reaching the reference distribution (i.e. Rdit=~0.5), the decreasing trend of horizontal visibility was still confirmed. The percentage of trend analysis of very good and bad visibility showed an increase in bad visibilities (from 5% to 25%) and a decrease in very good visibilities (from 80% to 5%), which confirms the decreasing trend in horizontal visibility. Hazy condition with 38.7% was the most influential weather phenomenon in visibility degradation.
Research Paper
Climatology
Hassan Zareh; Saeed Movahedi; Dariush Rahimi
Abstract
Reduction in productivity of horticultural and agricultural products, increase in pests, reduction in quality of agricultural products, and threat to food security are the consequences of climate change. The impact of climate change on agriculture leads to an increase in risk and risk-taking in the field ...
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Reduction in productivity of horticultural and agricultural products, increase in pests, reduction in quality of agricultural products, and threat to food security are the consequences of climate change. The impact of climate change on agriculture leads to an increase in risk and risk-taking in the field of agricultural activities. The results of the observational data review confirm the occurrence of climate change. The annual temperature anomaly of Bushehr province indicated an increase in the frequency of years with temperatures above the average from 1996 to 2021. According to the Pettitt's test, this increase is about 1.2 c˙. In addition, the significant increase in temperature at the 95% confidence level and Z values ≥ 2(in Mann-Kendall test) confirmed the occurrence of climate change in Bushehr province. The estimated data of the model for the future period confirm the continuation of the increasing trend of olive temperature thresholds for the period (2014-2040). The findings of the research indicated that with the increase in temperature for at least the following 20 years, the olive tree's cooling needs will not be met and the flowering season will occur in March instead of April. In the future, more areas will have an annual temperature of more than 26 °C. Therefore, in the future, the olive growing period will increase from 90 days to 150 days. With the increase in the number of days with temperatures above 40°C, the fruit burns more and the quality of olives decreases. Therefore, in addition to Asalouye and Dashtestan counties (1994-2019), Kangan, Jam, Deir and Dashti counties, the northern foothills of the province, and parts of Dilam (2017-2040) are added to the unsuitable olive areas. The favorable areas for olive cultivation will be moved to the west of the province.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Mohsen Aghayari Hir; Hossein Asgharpur; soheyla bakhtar
Abstract
Food safety and health have become a crisis due to the inappropriate and indiscriminate use of Chemical inputs. Considering the importance of the subject, the present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and identifying the most important factors affecting food security, with an emphasis ...
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Food safety and health have become a crisis due to the inappropriate and indiscriminate use of Chemical inputs. Considering the importance of the subject, the present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and identifying the most important factors affecting food security, with an emphasis on organic agriculture in Tabriz County. This research is based on a mixed approach and on practical purposes. The statistical population of this research is the expert agricultural jihad of Tabriz County. In terms of collecting information, it was done in two forms: library and field, using semi-structured interviews. The statistical sample was initially conducted using targeted sampling and then using the snowball method with 16 people until theoretical saturation was reached. Qualitative data analysis was done using the six-step theme model. MAXQDA software was used to code the interviews. The reliability of the interview was checked using the retest method (within the subject). Acceptability and verifiability methods were used to measure validity. The results of the qualitative section included eight main themes, 28 sub-themes, and 62 optional themes. Acceptability and verifiability methods were used to measure validity. The results of the qualitative section included eight main themes, 28 sub-themes, and 62 optional themes. The quantitative part of the research was conducted based on the results of the qualitative part, and a questionnaire was prepared based on 62 selective themes. And in the form of a census, it was provided to 95 people who were directly and indirectly related to the cultivation of crops. To analyze the data from the questionnaire, Structural Equation Modeling with Smart PLS3 software were used. The results showed that the policy dimensions of organic agriculture, economics, health, quality, and standard of living, optimization of production, access, and environment had the greatest impact on food security, respectively.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
mojgan entezari; shokoh Esteki; Hamide Gholamhaydari
Abstract
A major cause of landslide and relevant losses and fatalities is inappropriate land management, especially in mountainous areas and valleys. In this study, risk-vulnerability superimposed model was used to investigate the probability of occurrence of fatal landslides in Tarom Watershed. The risk-vulnerability ...
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A major cause of landslide and relevant losses and fatalities is inappropriate land management, especially in mountainous areas and valleys. In this study, risk-vulnerability superimposed model was used to investigate the probability of occurrence of fatal landslides in Tarom Watershed. The risk-vulnerability superimposed model has been formulated to evaluate the landslide risk and vulnerability. These factors include topography, geology, number of streams, rainfall, frequency of faults, land use, density of roads, population density, and construction density, which were considered and analyzed in the present model. According to the model output (i.e., risk-vulnerability map), it was figured out that the eastern and northeastern parts of Tarom Watershed are exposed to highest levels of risk and vulnerability. That is, occurrence of a fatal landslide with financial losses is more probable in these areas, as compared to other parts of the watershed. Results of the present research showed that 17%, 35%, 23%, 16%, and 9% of the entire watershed area were classified as being exposed to very low, low, moderate, high, and very high risk-vulnerability levels, respectively. Advantage and superiority of this model over other models and methodologies for landslide study is simultaneous consideration of landslide occurrence risk and vulnerability of the study area to the landslide, making it capable of determining the areas of higher probability of fatal landslides with financial losses.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
vahid Hosseinhaghi; Shahrivar Roostaei; akbar asgharizamani
Abstract
Unfortunately, many of the warnings that were given regarding vandalism were ignored and now more than ever they need attention. Therefore, based on this, the aim of the research was to examine the relationship between the design of the urban environment, environmental and psychological quality of an ...
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Unfortunately, many of the warnings that were given regarding vandalism were ignored and now more than ever they need attention. Therefore, based on this, the aim of the research was to examine the relationship between the design of the urban environment, environmental and psychological quality of an individual with the occurrence of vandalistic behaviors. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between individual psychology, environmental quality and urban environment design with vandalistic behaviors (p < 0.05). These variables were able to explain 55% of the changes in vandalistic behaviors.
Unfortunately, many of the warnings that were given regarding vandalism were ignored and now more than ever they need attention. Therefore, based on this, the aim of the research was to examine the relationship between the design of the urban environment, environmental and psychological quality of an individual with the occurrence of vandalistic behaviors. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between individual psychology, environmental quality and urban environment design with vandalistic behaviors (p < 0.05). These variables were able to explain 55% of the changes in vandalistic behaviors
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Fariba Karami; majid ranjbari
Abstract
The rivers are the most important supplies of fresh and agricultural water in the cities and villages. The importance of chemical quality of waters is becoming increasingly important due to the increase and diversity of Anthropogenic activities in the urban and rural environments. Therefore, the current ...
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The rivers are the most important supplies of fresh and agricultural water in the cities and villages. The importance of chemical quality of waters is becoming increasingly important due to the increase and diversity of Anthropogenic activities in the urban and rural environments. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the trend of land use changes and the chemical quality of surface water in a period of twenty years in the Qaranquchai River in Hashtrud Ccounty. The Qaranquchai is one of the sub-basins of Qezel Ozen River in the northwest of the country. In this research, Land use maps for the years 2021 and 2001 were prepared and drawn using Sentinel 2 and Landsat 7 satellite images, and were examined their changes. The chemical quality data of surface water in the hydrometric stations of the Qaranquchai basin, including Mg, Ca, EC, TDS, Cl, HCO, SO4, K and Na were obtained from the Regional Water Organization of East Azarbaijan province from 2000 to 2020. Then, their changes over 20 years were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test. The results of the analysis of land use changes showed that in 2001, the largest area of land use was pasture, while in 2021, rainfed land had the largest area in the Qaranquchai basin. In fact, during the studied years, with the increase of rainfed agricultural land from 38% to 53.1%, pasture land decreased from 60.17% to 42.3%. The results of the investigation of the changes of the chemical quality indicators of the water in the hydrometric stations in the Qarangochai river in the studied time period, showed that the trend of changes was increasing. The result of the increasing process of each of the anions and cations in the river water has caused its quality to decrease.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi; Rasoul Ghorbani; Leila Masoumi
Abstract
Fluctuations in housing prices and the cost of its services are among the most important social and economic issues. In a society where housing is heavily commercialized; Housing policies, real estate market, social environment affect housing values. District 5 of Tehran is known as the development area ...
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Fluctuations in housing prices and the cost of its services are among the most important social and economic issues. In a society where housing is heavily commercialized; Housing policies, real estate market, social environment affect housing values. District 5 of Tehran is known as the development area of Tehran due to its high growth rate. This research aims to take an effective step in identifying the preferences of consumers while estimating the qualitative demand for housing. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the factors affecting housing prices using geographic weighted regression in low-rise and high-rise buildings in District 5 of Tehran. The research method is based on documentary and survey studies. The sample size was estimated using Cochran's 758 formula. then the classified probability method has been used to select the samples; The results of the findings showed that among the low-rise buildings in North Ponk neighborhoods, Program Organization, Baharan, and among the high-rise buildings in Bagh Faiz, Faraz, Naft neighborhoods, they have a higher price range than other neighborhoods. Also, the results of (GWR) showed that the variables of the infrastructure, the age and age of the building, the number of bedrooms, quality materials, the distance to the nearest green space, the width of the passage, the traffic situation and security in common and having a balcony and terrace, the distance to the nearest street main, the distance to the nearest commercial centers and the level of greenness of the street in low-rise buildings and the location of the unit on the floor, having a parking lot, the direction of the building, the distance to the nearest public transportation station, the distance to the nearest chain stores and the level of pollution in high-rise buildings They have the greatest impact on increasing property prices.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Neda Darbandi; Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi; Rasoul Ghorbani
Abstract
During the last three decades, indiscriminate and unprincipled exploitation of lands and changes in uses have caused different reactions of ecosystems. The metropolis of Tabriz is the capital of East Azarbaijan province, which has had an unbalanced and scattered growth during the last few decades, in ...
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During the last three decades, indiscriminate and unprincipled exploitation of lands and changes in uses have caused different reactions of ecosystems. The metropolis of Tabriz is the capital of East Azarbaijan province, which has had an unbalanced and scattered growth during the last few decades, in such a way that the uncontrolled expansion of the city has caused The destruction of the surrounding spaces and the departure of the city from its symmetrical and standard shape. Today, uneven growth and excessive expansion of the city is considered one of the problems of Tabriz metropolis. The method of the current research is applied-analytical by collecting information during a period of 25 years, i.e. 1375-1400 decade in document-library form, field survey in the form of referring to the relevant organizations and departments and using the ecological footprint calculation method. to the main question of the research, that is; "What effects have land use changes in the metropolis of Tabriz over a period of 25 years had on the environment and ecological capacity of Tabriz?" answer and provide solutions to improve the state of land changes and the ecological capacity of the city and the proportional distribution of the population in Tabriz metropolis. Among the results obtained in the present research is that the increase in the population growth rate and as a result the excessive expansion and development of the city during these years has caused an increase in land use changes, especially the conversion of agricultural and garden uses into settlements and residential areas. has been That this amount of changes is beyond the ecological capacity of Tabriz metropolis and requires careful and disciplined management. Otherwise, with the continuation of this type of challenge, the metropolis of Tabriz will suffer significant and irreversible crises and problems in the coming years.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Nader Ezadbin; Hassan Mahmoudzadeh; Rasoul Ghoebani
Abstract
Introduction
Today, political ecology; It is a pluralistic thought that includes everything that was once exclusively the focus of attention. One of the most important consequences of the rapid growth of urbanization and the physical development of the country's cities in recent decades has been ...
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Introduction
Today, political ecology; It is a pluralistic thought that includes everything that was once exclusively the focus of attention. One of the most important consequences of the rapid growth of urbanization and the physical development of the country's cities in recent decades has been the disintegration of the distribution system of urban service centers, which has become the basis for the social inequality of citizens in enjoying these services.
Data and Method
The general population and housing census of 2015 and the map of Karaj metropolitan areas, statistical information on crime rate and addiction will be prepared and used from the police force organization; and the discussion of political ecology in the field of green spaces in the 1990s to 2023s will be investigated. In the field survey section, the opinions of experts will be used to determine the state of spatial justice of green space in the areas of Karaj metropolis.
Results and Discussion
Regions 8 and 11 have a high per capita population due to the small population and the large area of parks, the presence of family garden, apple garden, Fateh garden and small Iran. But other regions suffer from a severe lack of urban parks at the neighborhood to regional level, which requires proportional distribution according to the population of each region and taking into account the accepted standards in the field of per capita urban green spaces, especially parks. Parks should be done in the areas of Karaj city.
Conclusion
Another type of vegetation application is in the lands around the neighbourhood and its outskirts, which have been planted over the years by the municipality and the pastures and forestry organization. This covering has now formed the dominant natural appearance of the neighbourhood.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Abolfazl Ghanbari; Taha Imanzadeh; khatereh Abdi
Abstract
Tourism in the New World has been considered by decision makers as an important industry in the economic development of countries. In order to achieve this and its expansion, the issue of security is undoubtedly one of the important parameters that researchers have paid special attention to; Therefore, ...
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Tourism in the New World has been considered by decision makers as an important industry in the economic development of countries. In order to achieve this and its expansion, the issue of security is undoubtedly one of the important parameters that researchers have paid special attention to; Therefore, in the present study, the role of security in the development of foreign tourism will be investigated. The results of research studies indicate that different types of security, including financial, social security, etc., as well as how to present the image of Iran and advertising, affect the development of foreign tourism in Iran. For this reason, recognizing the role of security in the experience of tourism and marketing of government officials in order to create more security and promote it, is very important. In this study, to investigate the role of security in the development of foreign tourism, a researcher-made questionnaire with 25 indicators and a Likert scale was prepared and distributed among foreign tourists in the city of Tabriz. 70 questionnaires were completed in three weeks, of which 65 were suitable for use; The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and analyzed by structural equation modeling with least squares approach (PLS-SEM). The model variables of the role of security in the development of foreign tourism were extracted from the summary of previous studies. The results show that the factor of political security with a path coefficient of 0.327 has the greatest impact on the factors of development of foreign tourism.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Ali Azar; Abolfazl Zakariyazadeh; Elham Morovati Zarghani
Abstract
Considering the importance of urban green spaces in increasing the city livability and competitiveness and their role in the citizens' recreation and leisure time, it is necessary to have a precise understanding of the components affecting the satisfaction of citizens. Accordingly, the aim of the ...
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Considering the importance of urban green spaces in increasing the city livability and competitiveness and their role in the citizens' recreation and leisure time, it is necessary to have a precise understanding of the components affecting the satisfaction of citizens. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to explain the citizens' satisfaction from the urban green spaces in zone 6 of Tabriz metropolis. The research method is a descriptive-analytical method and it is also practical research. The statistical population includes 30 parks in the zone 6 of the Tabriz Metropolitan Municipality, of which 12 parks were purposefully selected as a sample size. The data were collected through documentary and field methods. In order to determine the level of citizens' satisfaction from the green spaces, 320 a researcher-made questionnaires were provided to the park visitors. The results of the regression test show that the service quality index has the highest impact and the safety and security index had the least impact on the satisfaction of the subjects. The average overall satisfaction with the urban green spaces of the zone 6 of the Tabriz Metropolitan Municipality was 3.25 and considering the average distance between the obtained and the standard average and from the subjects' view, these parks are in an average level in terms of the studied indicators. However, the dynamism (cultural, artistic, recreational and sports attractions) and empathy indexes of urban green spaces in zone 6 of Tabriz Metropolitan Municipality enjoyed from a satisfaction higher than the average
Research Paper
Urban Planning
shahrivar rostaei; rasoul ghorbani; maryam darabi
Abstract
With rapid urbanization around the world and the pursuit of clean energy sources, green cities play an essential role in building a sustainable future for people. Urban green spaces provide a number of perceived benefits to human health and well-being, including overall improvement in quality of life. ...
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With rapid urbanization around the world and the pursuit of clean energy sources, green cities play an essential role in building a sustainable future for people. Urban green spaces provide a number of perceived benefits to human health and well-being, including overall improvement in quality of life. Based on this, the aim of this research is to analyze the environmental quality of urban public spaces in line with the development of green cities in District 7 of Tehran. For this purpose, 24 factors in 9 categories of carbon dioxide components; Energy ; Air ; Water ; wastage ; Transportation ; land use; Buildings and environmental management were identified and given to 30 experts and specialists in the form of a 24 x 24 matrix and with the help of a questionnaire and according to targeted sampling. Research findings show that 10 factors are key factors. In the meantime, green management plays a more important role in the indicators of the green city of the 7th district of Tehran and; population density ; Public contributions from green policies and number of unhealthy days are ranked next respectively.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
احمد اسدی; Mohsen Ahadnejad Roshti
Abstract
Nowadays, due to the increasing growth of the population of cities, many issues and problems have plagued the cities. For this purpose, in order to face these issues and problems and realize the sustainability of cities, the human settlement organization has put forward the approach of urban prosperity ...
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Nowadays, due to the increasing growth of the population of cities, many issues and problems have plagued the cities. For this purpose, in order to face these issues and problems and realize the sustainability of cities, the human settlement organization has put forward the approach of urban prosperity with emphasis on the five dimensions of productivity, infrastructure development, quality of life, equality and social participation, and environmental sustainability. Considering the effect of the relationship between urban prosperity and sustainable development, the purpose of this research is to measurement of urban prosperity indicators in Zanjan city. In this regard, the research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature. In order to analyze the data, structural equations based on variance with partial least squares method were used in Smart-pls software. Also, the statistical population of the research includes city managers, academic elites and experts on urban issues in Zanjan, and due to the unknown number of the statistical population, a sample size of 100 people has been determined using Cohen's method at a confidence level of 95%, and access to them is based on The non-random pattern is purposeful. The findings of the research show that among the indicators of urban prosperity in Zanjan, productivity and infrastructure indicators are the most feasible. Also, among the 25 investigated variables, only 5 variables are "proper access to all types of basic services (water, electricity, gas and telephone), stable personal and social security for all age-sex groups, suitable population density at different levels of the city, access to housing "Durable and proper collection and disposal of urban waste and wastewater" have a statistical value higher than 1.96 and were in good condition.
Research Paper
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
mohammad yousefi shatoori; Zakeyeh Aftabi
Abstract
Security, stability, development and health are on the agenda of all political systems, which have found a close, complementary and increasing relationship with water resources. Therefore, water supply is a special function of the government. Over the past century, the access of political-spatial units ...
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Security, stability, development and health are on the agenda of all political systems, which have found a close, complementary and increasing relationship with water resources. Therefore, water supply is a special function of the government. Over the past century, the access of political-spatial units and communities to limited sources of fresh water has been involved in many fundamental bottlenecks. In recent decades, Zayandeh Rood watershed has been involved in a series of problems with origins inside and outside the basin, which has resulted in the drying up of most of it, and has affected the security and development of the resident communities in the same proportion. The current article, which is useful, has explained the reflection of the water crisis on the hydropolitical scenarios of the Zayandeh Rood catchment area. The methodology governing descriptive-analytical research. The data required for the research has been collected by library and field method (interview-questionnaire) and analyzed using Micmac, Scenario Wizard and Shannon's entropy model software. The results of the research showed that out of 31 possible situations connected with seven scenarios with strong and likely compatibility, the situations that describe the hydropolitical scenarios of the Zayandeh Rood watershed as critical, which include the possible possible situations. . Therefore, the water crisis had a critical effect on the hydropolitical situation of the area upstream of the Zayandeh Rood catchment area, and the optimal management of water resources at the national level and in accordance with it at the level of the Zayandeh Rood catchment area became the most appropriate solution to prevent the occurrence of a critical situation in the Zayandeh Rood catchment area.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
AliAkbar Salaripour; Zabihallah Beheshtizadeh
Abstract
One of the features of a pedestrianized city is having suitable public places so that citizens could spend their leisure time there. Making such spaces is, one of the important duties of city managers. Chaharbagh Abbasi Street, having the characteristics of third places such as green spaces and shady ...
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One of the features of a pedestrianized city is having suitable public places so that citizens could spend their leisure time there. Making such spaces is, one of the important duties of city managers. Chaharbagh Abbasi Street, having the characteristics of third places such as green spaces and shady trees that can bring a sense of belonging and memories for pedestrians is now available as a pedestrian for citizensIn this research, the conceptual model was defined, by studying library document and also, which is done by examining other research works conducted in this field. In this model, the characteristics of the third places were classified as independent variables in four indicators of "uses and activity", "access and linkages", "comfort and image", and "sociability". And the extent of its effect on vitality index as a dependent variable was investigated by designing a questionnaire in the form of a five-choice Likert scale and analyzed by Smart PLS software with a second order confirmatory Factor method. The statistical sample size was obtained using the Morgan Table and the questionnaire was distributed randomly among 384 citizens in Chaharbagh Abbasi pedestrian area of Isfahan city. This study showed that, although “access and linkages” variables does not have a direct effect on the vitality variable, indirectly and through influencing other variables, it has a significant role in the vitality of Chaharbagh pedestrian space. In this research, 66% of the changes in vitality as a dependent variable were explained by independent variables such as “comfort and image”, “sociability”, “uses and activity” in the structural model. Since most of the citizens use the pedestrian space as a place to talk and have fun with family and friends, it is very crucial to provide a safe environment that can make the conversation space pleasant.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Seyyedeh Freya Aghayari; rasoul samadzadeh; mohammadtagi masoomi
Abstract
Many cities are exposed to natural hazards such as earthquakes. One of the important goals of urban planning is to reduce the vulnerability and make cities resilient against earthquakes, and the first step to realize this goal is to recognize and assess the vulnerability of Khalkhal city to a possible ...
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Many cities are exposed to natural hazards such as earthquakes. One of the important goals of urban planning is to reduce the vulnerability and make cities resilient against earthquakes, and the first step to realize this goal is to recognize and assess the vulnerability of Khalkhal city to a possible earthquake. The main goal of this research is to assess the vulnerability of earthquake hazards with a resilience approach in Khalkhal city.
The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied research in terms of nature. In this research, first through library studies, factors affecting resilience were identified and after preparing the research conceptual model, a questionnaire was designed in order to achieve the desired goal. Determining its statistical sample size was done using the Cochran method and the sampling method was done using the simple random method. To measure resilience, 380 citizens and 15 experts were selected as the sample size of the research among the households living in Khalkhal city. After collecting data and field information, SPSS software was used for data analysis and for drawing maps and zoning in ARCGIS software.
According to the output of SPSS in the form of a GIS map, it can be said that the central part of Khalkhal city is in low resilience and is prone to earthquakes, and many parts of Khalkhal city are in medium resilience and few parts of the city are in The state of resilience is very unfavorable; Also, according to the single-sample parametric test, the results of the research show that in the implementation of urban resilience, social, physical, economic and institutional criteria are ranked first to fourth in the resilience of Khalkhal city, and they have an effective role on the efficiency of urban resilience in this city.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
sayyad asghari; Elnaz Piroozi
Abstract
The danger of earthquakes causes irreparable damage to societies. Therefore, it is effective to prepare to deal with it by identifying vulnerable points. Ardabil City is not exempt from this rule due to the existence of many faults, seismic points, and non-compliance with standards. Based on this, the ...
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The danger of earthquakes causes irreparable damage to societies. Therefore, it is effective to prepare to deal with it by identifying vulnerable points. Ardabil City is not exempt from this rule due to the existence of many faults, seismic points, and non-compliance with standards. Based on this, the current research seeks to measure and evaluate the vulnerability of Ardabil City against the risk of earthquakes. For this purpose, first by examining research sources related to the subject, some of the most important factors affecting the occurrence of this phenomenon were prepared as independent variables. Valuation and standardization of the layers were done by using the fuzzy membership function and weighting of the criteria, using the CRITIC method. Finally, modeling was done using the MARCOS multi-criteria decision-making method. The results of the study showed, respectively; The factors of distance from the fault, land use, and distance from the earthquake center have the greatest influence on the occurrence of earthquakes in the region with the weight coefficient of 0.110, 0.104, and 0.102. In addition, according to the results of the research, 16.67% of the entire city of Ardabil has a high vulnerability potential and 30.27% has a relatively high vulnerability probability. Also, based on the results of the research, Ardabil city is at an average level in terms of the level of vulnerability to earthquake risk, the cities of Hir and Arallo are in the high vulnerability category and Somarin city is in the relatively high vulnerability zone. In addition, according to the findings of the research, 22.86 and 30.86 percent of the settlements and villages of Ardabil, respectively; In the area with high and relatively high vulnerability, 13.14% in the area with moderate vulnerability, and respectively; 22.28 and 10.86% are located in the area with relatively low and low earthquake vulnerability.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Hossein Azizi; Mohammad Reza Rezaei; Hassan Oroji
Abstract
Tourism becomes the largest and most diverse industry in the world, which, as the main source of income and work, plays an important role in the economic growth of the countries of the world. Accidents and crises play the role of inhibiting the development of the industry. Epidemics are distinguished ...
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Tourism becomes the largest and most diverse industry in the world, which, as the main source of income and work, plays an important role in the economic growth of the countries of the world. Accidents and crises play the role of inhibiting the development of the industry. Epidemics are distinguished from other crises by the fact that they usually leave the local government. Resilience strategy for quick recovery of destinations affected by the crisis has been introduced. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research with the aim of investigating the role of resilience in the epidemic crisis in tourist cities. The present research method is analytical-descriptive in nature and it is a survey type by completing a questionnaire. At first, the path analysis model was used to determine the factors on the tourism resilience of the studied city (Shiraz) during the epidemic crisis. Therefore, according to the number of research criteria, the multiple regression test was implemented, which was directly considered first. The combination of resilience is determined as an independent variable on Shiraz as dependent changes. It is considered indirect in the next steps. In the stages of direct research, all research indicators have a significant effect on the dependent variable and there is a significant linear relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The most direct effect is related to the social-cultural index and the most indirect effect is related to the economic index. In total, the social-cultural index has the highest correlation coefficient among the resilience indices, which indicates the most influential index on the epidemic crisis in Shiraz tourism. The economic index is on the second level. Finally, infrastructure and institutional-organizational indicators are placed in the next ranks with small distances.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
hamid saberi; Hajar Nasehi; mehdi alizadeh
Abstract
As a fundamental element in man-made environments, especially in urban spaces, urban visual appearance significantly impacts psychological and social functions. This research aims to explain the role of the visual image in the behavior of District 8 of Isfahan City citizens with an approach in terms ...
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As a fundamental element in man-made environments, especially in urban spaces, urban visual appearance significantly impacts psychological and social functions. This research aims to explain the role of the visual image in the behavior of District 8 of Isfahan City citizens with an approach in terms of developmental-applicative goal and descriptive-analytical research methodology based on library and field studies. The statistical population is all people over 15 years of age living in this area (239,756 people), which was analyzed using Cochran's formula of 204 samples. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. To achieve the goal indicators (lighting, color, readability, skyline, smell and sound, orientation, urban furniture, social security, sense of place, vitality, mental image, spatial attitude, and social participation) using the theoretical foundations of extraction became. For data analysis, one-sample T-tests, multiple regression, and the structural equation model were used for path analysis. The findings from the results of the investigation of the effect of visual appearance on the behavior of citizens showed; The readability index is the first and the orientation index is the second. Finally, the results show that the visual appearance of the city in the urban context of the 8th district of Isfahan has a significant effect on the behavior of the citizens of this region according to all dimensions, components, and indicators, and according to the intermingling of the components and indicators of the concept of appearance. Visually, its role in various aspects of citizens' behavior and the emergence of moral and humanitarian crises is undeniable.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Ziba Kodkhodaei; Hamid-Reza Rakhshaninasab; mojtaba Soleimani Damaneh
Abstract
The sampling method is simple random, and the sample size was 383 people using Morgan's table. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by the professors (Teaching Department of Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchistan) and its reliability with Cronbach's ...
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The sampling method is simple random, and the sample size was 383 people using Morgan's table. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by the professors (Teaching Department of Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchistan) and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test at the level of 0.852. In order to analyze and test the hypotheses, inferential statistics methods including Smirnov-Kolmogrov test, sample t-test, Friedman and structural equations have been used. The findings of the research show that information technology and its components, such as the development of information technology infrastructure, electronic marketing and electronic commerce, have an effect on the development of nature tourism in Konark. In such a way that the criterion of virtual tourism was ranked first with an average of 4.50 and the criterion of telecommunication platform was ranked last with an average of 2.45. Thus, the innovation of the research is that for the first time, this research examines the comprehensive role and all aspects of information and communication technology in the development of nature tourism in the coastal areas of southern Iran, including the city of Kanarak, while Most of the researches have paid attention to electronic tourism and other aspects of tourism, including health and sports. In general, some platforms and suitable infrastructure, such as amplifier towers, telephone and Internet, and on the other hand, the lack of attention to the local handicrafts industry of the city has been neglected, which is to pay attention to the strengthening of fixed and mobile telephone lines and coverage. Proper internet, implementation of city and provincial television programs to introduce the tourist attractions of Konark city will be realized by the city administration, including the governor and municipality.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Shima Vosoghi; Reza Zakerinejad; mojgan entezari
Abstract
Gully erosion is one of the most dangerous types of water erosion that destroys land and disrupts the balance of biological resources and the environment. In this study, the effective factors in gully erosion, prediction and zoning of gully erosion were investigated using the maximum entropy model in ...
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Gully erosion is one of the most dangerous types of water erosion that destroys land and disrupts the balance of biological resources and the environment. In this study, the effective factors in gully erosion, prediction and zoning of gully erosion were investigated using the maximum entropy model in Alamarvdasht watershed in Fars province. First, the location of the ditches was prepared through field surveys, aerial photographs and using Google Earth software images, and then the digital layer of the ditches was prepared in point form in the GIS software environment, and in the next step, the basin's physiographic indicators was prepared from in ARC GIS software. In this research, a soil texture map was prepared in GIS software with field operations in the study area and soil sampling and testing, and a land use map and vegetation density was prepared using Landsat satellite images, and then each of the indicators was The ditches were added in the GIS environment. To implement the maximum entropy model, 70% of the data were used for model training and 30% for model testing. In this study, the effect of each other indicators was determined using the Jack Knife test, and finally the most effective indicators were introduced. In order to validate the model, the direction of zoning of gully erosion in the studied area was evaluated using curve (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC). The results of this research showed that climate index, slope, geology, land use, direction of slope and height are the most influential indicators in creating ditch erosion and the AUC=0.997 is at an excellent level.
Research Paper
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
Negar Houshangi; hassan sajadzadeh; Mohammad Saeid Izadi
Abstract
Creating a context for a sense of belonging to a place and strengthening the practical criteria for increasing the quality of life in informal settlements adds to the necessity of evaluating this issue and recognizing the factors that strengthen it. In this regard, this research with analytical description ...
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Creating a context for a sense of belonging to a place and strengthening the practical criteria for increasing the quality of life in informal settlements adds to the necessity of evaluating this issue and recognizing the factors that strengthen it. In this regard, this research with analytical description and review methods of texts, sources, and visual documents in library studies and case research method, recognizes the factors involved in creating a sense of belonging in such settlements and also the effects of spatial configuration changes in enhancing the potential sense of belonging in Nakhodcher neighborhood of Rasht city. The quantitative results obtained from the distribution of 384 questionnaires have been analyzed by the structural model method. This method is used to investigate the effect of a significant relationship between the factors of sense of belonging in this neighborhood and it examines the correlation of variables, which is one of the prerequisites for doing regression. The research findings from the questionnaire show that there is a significant positive relationship between the effective factors in the formation of the sense of belonging, including perceptual-cognitive, environmental-physical, and socio-cultural factors; So that by increasing the parameters of spatial configuration such as the length of passages, interconnectedness, depth, connection, and selection, the quality of the sense of belonging factors mentioned above will also increase. Summarizing the conditions obtained by Depth map software and space layout indicators shows that the minimum value of the connection index in the network of passages of the fabric of the Nakhodcher neighborhood indicates the minimal permeability of the fabric and its organicity. To strengthen the dynamics of this area, the average depth of the entrances of the neighborhood should be kept to a minimum and different uses should be established in the vicinity of the main axis.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mahdi Mohammadi sarin dizaj; Abolfazl Shahamat
Abstract
The old and inefficient urban tissues are areas that, separated from the evolutionary cycle of life, and have become the center of problems and inadequacies.This research aims to evaluate the feasibility of re-creating the old and inefficient fabric of Tepeh and Hamam neighborhoods in Ajabshir city. ...
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The old and inefficient urban tissues are areas that, separated from the evolutionary cycle of life, and have become the center of problems and inadequacies.This research aims to evaluate the feasibility of re-creating the old and inefficient fabric of Tepeh and Hamam neighborhoods in Ajabshir city. It is of applied type and descriptive-analytical method. The information was obtained in the field using a researcher-made questionnaire tool. To apply the SWOT model, 25 specialists and experts in the field of urban planning and municipality were selected and the questionnaire of the model was provided to them. SWOT strategic analysis model and quantitative strategic planning matrix QSPM were used to analyze variables and indicators. A five-level Likert scale was used to measure the variables in the questionnaire. The findings show that based on the SWOT model, the score of internal factors of IFE was 2.13 and the score of external factors of EFE was 2.58. Therefore, internal factors with a score of less than 2.5 indicate that weaknesses prevail over strengths, and external factors with a score of more than 2.5 indicate that opportunities prevail over threats. Therefore, the appropriate strategy for recreating the old neighborhoods of Tappe and Hammam in the street of Ajabshir is a conservative type (wo). The result showed that after prioritizing the results in the QSPM matrix, the strategy of eliminating the irregularity of the inefficient texture and the compactness of the granularity of the physical elements with regard to the possibility of turning these neighborhoods into commercial and tourism centers as the first priority for the regeneration and management of the development of the worn out and inefficient texture of the hill neighborhoods And the street bath of Ajabshir city was determined.Key words: urban regeneration, inefficient Texture, SWOT, QSPM, Tappe and Hamam Kuche neighborhoods, Ajabshir city.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
sharare saidpour; Freydon Babaei Aghdam; Iraj Teymuri
Abstract
Today, worn-out and inefficient textures are a major part from urban contexts and they have problems and specific structural and functional barriers which need to be examined importance-performance the urban regeneration indicators regarding the regeneration of inefficient textures. In this context, ...
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Today, worn-out and inefficient textures are a major part from urban contexts and they have problems and specific structural and functional barriers which need to be examined importance-performance the urban regeneration indicators regarding the regeneration of inefficient textures. In this context, the present research has been done with the aim of assessment of importance-performance the urban regeneration indicators based on damages from inefficient urban texture of Saqqez city which has been identified the highest level of risk from injuries resulting from inefficient texture and it has also been assessment of importance-performance the Indicators.The current type of research is applied in terms of purpose and has been descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection and the field-library method has been used to collect information. In this researchFMEA has been used of the infrastructure in the first stage to identify the damages from inefficient urban texture from Saqqez and specifying the risk priority number and determining operators and the IPAmodel has been used to assessment of importance-performance the indicators in the city of Saqqez in the next step. The investigations have shown in the FMEAmethod of the31risks raised in the10potential; 6potential effects have a high risk level (first stage; vulnerability to earthquakes, financial inability, managerial weakness and next stage;, increase in social abnormality, decrease in belongingness and increase in pollution) and the results of the IPAmodel have shown that there was no compatibility between the importance-performance the regeneration indicators of Saqqez and it is necessary to and it is necessary to be the first priority The Pay attention to the indicators of integrated urban management, organizing narrow roads, and access to main streets, compatibility of users, Supervision of construction and control of buildings, employment and income, investment in the neighborhood, improve participation and improving belonging to reduce the damage of inefficient textures.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
amir pourdadash; akbar Asghari Zamani; Iraj Teymuri
Abstract
Considering the challenges ahead in the way and type of management of free zones, including non-democratic management structure, unstable income, achieve a bright future for the Aras Free Zone, it is necessary to identify and outline the key drivers. The current research, with the perspective of future ...
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Considering the challenges ahead in the way and type of management of free zones, including non-democratic management structure, unstable income, achieve a bright future for the Aras Free Zone, it is necessary to identify and outline the key drivers. The current research, with the perspective of future research, tries to identify the vital factors affecting the state of good governance in Aras Free Zone and investigate the effect of these factors on each other. This research, in terms of practical purpose and from library methods, survey, its nature is based on new methods in future research with an analytical and exploratory approach, using quantitative and qualitative models and analysis methods and structural cross-effects, such as Micmac and Delphi method. has benefited Based on this, during numerous discussion sessions and opinion gathering of experts and expert group of Aras Free Zone, 15 people as a statistical sample of the target population, 60 items or variables were identified in the form of 8 main indicators of good urban governance. Then, the above variables were weighted in the form of a 60x60 matrix of cross-effects by the elite group and defined in the Mic Mac software. What can be understood from the state of the dispersion map of the variables is the instability of the system. Therefore, according to the ranking of the direct and indirect effects of the variables and their scoring, the number of 21 variables that had more weight in both cases were identified as the main drivers of good urban governance in the free zone. Among the variables, citizens' and officials' trust in each other has the highest score and the most vital factor affecting good urban governance in Aras Free Zone, and administrators' adherence to the law, strategic vision, and social justice are ranked in the next ranks.
Research Paper
GIS&RS
Mansoureh Sadrykia; Neda Kazemipour
Abstract
Land subsidence is an environmental phenomenon of the gradual or sudden subsidence of the land. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the land subsidence in Shabestar plain of East Azerbaijan province. Using Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) time series analysis method, the crust surface displacement ...
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Land subsidence is an environmental phenomenon of the gradual or sudden subsidence of the land. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the land subsidence in Shabestar plain of East Azerbaijan province. Using Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) time series analysis method, the crust surface displacement rate between 2018 and 2021 is investigated. The maximum subsidence is seen in the southern and southeastern parts of the plain with a maximum rate of about 8 cm per year in the direction of the satellite line of sight. Also, using AHP the conditioning factors are weighted and the land subsidence susceptibility (LSS) is modeled using spatial analyses. Thereupon, Shabstar plain was classified into five regions with the LSS: "Very High": 3%, "High": 20%, "Moderate": 25%, "Low": 33% and "Very Low": 19% of the total area of the plain. To verify the accuracy of the subsidence susceptibility model, the displacement map obtained from radar interferometry was utilized, the area under the ROC curve of 86% confirmed the good prediction accuracy of the model. Also, the model was assessed by performing sensitivity analysis for most important conditioning factors. The introduced model can provide useful and reliable information for managers and decision-makers of the region for the effective and timely 'prevention' and 'mitigation' planning with low cost and time.
Research Paper
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
javad hajializadeh
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of game-based education in teaching map reading on the academic motivation of primary education students in the geographic map reading department at Farhangian University. The research method is semi-experimental in the form of ...
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This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of game-based education in teaching map reading on the academic motivation of primary education students in the geographic map reading department at Farhangian University. The research method is semi-experimental in the form of pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. In which four classes (2 classes of boys and 2 classes of girls) were selected as available samples and placed in two experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, 6 sessions of a game-based educational package were considered and during this time, the control group was trained in the traditional way. Both groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using a researcher-made test of map reading and academic motivation questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using one-way and multi-way analysis of covariance. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in academic motivation (internal and external motivation). The results of this research confirmed the effectiveness of the game-based teaching method on the academic motivation of student teachers.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Maryam azadbakht; Mojtaba Jahanifar
Abstract
The alienation feeling is a kind of mental state arising from the city in which the citizens feel a sense of separation and lack of belonging towards themselves and the city social, physical, cultural and historical environments. Urban spaces make citizens feel alienated. This research was done with ...
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The alienation feeling is a kind of mental state arising from the city in which the citizens feel a sense of separation and lack of belonging towards themselves and the city social, physical, cultural and historical environments. Urban spaces make citizens feel alienated. This research was done with the aim of presenting a conceptual model to explain the causal, background and intervention conditions that affect the urban space alienation feeling. In this mixed method research in the qualitative stage, interviews were conducted with 32 Ahvaz citizens until theoretical saturation, and by the theme analyze, a conceptual model was presented to explain and how the conditions affect the alienation feeling. In the quantitative stage, with the structural equation modeling, the alienation feeling causal structure was investigated for 310 Ahvaz citizens who were randomly selected in a stratified manner. Qualitative findings showed that city space ineffectiveness, insecurity, lack of city vibrancy, poor quality of city structures, city inaccessibility and unviability are the most important causes of the alienation feeling. The gender, family, ethnicity and culture of the people are also the background conditions. Inaccessibility has the greatest effect with a causal path coefficient of 0.65, followed by urban space insecurity with a coefficient of 0.60. The unviability of the city with a causal path coefficient of 0.51 had the least impact on the feeling of alienation in the urban space of Ahvaz. The feeling of alienation in urban spaces is strongly affected by interventions such as policy and legislation, urban designs, and gender segregation. The optimal and intelligent design of cities, taking into account individual and gender differences, ethnic and cultural symbols, and of course the security and accessibility of the city, provides the possibility that citizens feel less alienated from the urban space and their residence place.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Hadi Hakimi; hadi naghibi; akbar Asghari Zamani; feridoun babaii aghdm
Abstract
Today, the speed of urban development has exceeded the capacity and ability of governments to expand infrastructure and provide services and create employment, as a result, the phenomenon of informal settlement has spread rapidly and irregularly. Statistics show that a population of metropolises and ...
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Today, the speed of urban development has exceeded the capacity and ability of governments to expand infrastructure and provide services and create employment, as a result, the phenomenon of informal settlement has spread rapidly and irregularly. Statistics show that a population of metropolises and even many medium-sized cities have settled in disorderly habitats and on the outskirts of cities, which constitute the poorest groups of the urban population, this shows the necessity of efforts to create better conditions in these settlements. . Today, one of the new ways to analyze the current and upcoming challenges is to use the foresight approach and look at the present from the future. Due to the rapid growth of the population and migration during the past decades, the city of Khoy has not been able to provide suitable conditions for the settlement of a part of the population. For this reason, the population that moved to the city of Khoy was forced to live on the outskirts of the city and created a phenomenon called informal settlements. This research was written with the aim of identifying the influencing factors on the expansion of informal settlements in Khoy city. For this purpose, the Delphi method was used to identify the influential factors, and the result was the identification of 72 factors in 6 different areas, then the mutual effects analysis method was used to extract the key influential factors, and as a result, out of the total of 72 factors, 26 Factors were identified as key factors.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
gashtaseb kiani; koorosh afzali; keramatollah ziari
Abstract
Compilation of the feasibility model of Iran's strategic plans )studied in the city of Shahrekord)Abstract:The current research is based on the practical goal of development and the method of its implementation is descriptive and analytical, and it is in the category of qualitative research, the idea ...
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Compilation of the feasibility model of Iran's strategic plans )studied in the city of Shahrekord)Abstract:The current research is based on the practical goal of development and the method of its implementation is descriptive and analytical, and it is in the category of qualitative research, the idea of developing a model of the realization of Iran's strategic plans is based on determining the success rate of the realization of the following program in the review of the evaluation system of criteria and achieving goals in advance is determined to be of interest. Therefore, the aim of this research is to compile criteria and indicators of realizability. According to the data theory, the foundation is in the form of a pilot in the city of Shahrekord. In this way, if this model is to be presented in the city of Shahrekord, what characteristics should it have? In this part, by using the method of systematic grounded theory, collecting textual data, interviewing knowledgeable people in both research and executive fields, and analyzing the data, a wide range of effective factors in Application and implementation of this approach in the form of 22 main categories. And 129 subcategories and relationships between them have been identified. The achievement of this research is the identification of development indicators for the realization of urban plans, as well as the evaluation, ranking, analysis and evaluation and providing a particularly desirable model. With regard to the findings regarding the feasibility of the optimal model plan of Shahrekord city, it was determined that the development of participation, improvement of municipal performance and sustainable urban development are among the components of the feasibility of urban development plans.
Research Paper
Geotourism
mehdi mododi arkhudi; sajad ferdowsi; Narges Rahimi Taghanaki
Abstract
Agricultural tourism is considered one of the strategies for the development of rural areas. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism. The current research is of an applied type in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical ...
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Agricultural tourism is considered one of the strategies for the development of rural areas. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism. The current research is of an applied type in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. Data collection has been done through the field method and a structured questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes rural tourists in the study area. Meanwhile, sampling has been done by the simple random method. Also, according to Cochran's method, the number of the statistical sample is equal to 148 people. In order to ensure the validity of the research questionnaire, content validity, factor loading coefficient, combined reliability, and also Cronbach's alpha method were used to check reliability. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software and the structural equation modeling technique in Smartpls software. The results indicate that despite the high importance of socio-cultural, economic, facilities and services, environmental, and institutional components in the rural areas of Saman county, the quality of the mentioned factors was lower than average. Meanwhile, the institutional component has more unfavorable conditions than other components, which is caused by the existence of serious weaknesses in factors such as incentive plans, government participation and support, support systems, laws, and regulations, specifically in the field of agricultural tourism. Therefore, according to the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism in rural areas, necessary measures to improve the situation of this type of tourism should be put on the agenda of the authorities.
Research Paper
Climatology
Yagob Dinpashoh; Saeid Jahanbakhsh-Asl; Asma Azadeh Garebagh
Abstract
In this study the values of potential reference crop evapotranspiration were calculated using the FAO-56 Penman Monteith method in six stations located in southern shores of Caspian Sea. Trends in annual ET0 values of the stations were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test. Then to determine the relative ...
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In this study the values of potential reference crop evapotranspiration were calculated using the FAO-56 Penman Monteith method in six stations located in southern shores of Caspian Sea. Trends in annual ET0 values of the stations were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test. Then to determine the relative importance of climatic variables on ET0 in a certain station factor analysis conducted. To do this, correlation matrix (R) of seven variables also called similarity matrix was constructed. The significance of correlation coefficients were tested. Results of trends in ET0 showed that in all the stations (except Noshahr) trends of annual ET0 were upward and significant. The slopes of trend lines were positive in all the stations. Factor analysis showed that the first two factors accounted the total variance in the range of 56.5 per cent in the Rasht to 79.6 per cent in the Sari. The largest loading of the first factor is attributed to sunshine hours in the station Rasht, however, it was maximum air temperature in all other sites. In the case of the second factor, the largest loading belonged to wind speed (in Rasht, Gorgan, Sari and Noshahr) and precipitation (in Ramsar and Astara). The findings of this study can be helpful in optimum management of regional water resources.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
masoomeh hadavand; mehran maghsoudi
Abstract
Off-road activity has increased significantly in different environments, especially arid regions and desert environments of the world, which can have negative effects on the ecosystem and different levels of desert landforms. This study is based on a qualitative, descriptive-analytical and quantitative ...
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Off-road activity has increased significantly in different environments, especially arid regions and desert environments of the world, which can have negative effects on the ecosystem and different levels of desert landforms. This study is based on a qualitative, descriptive-analytical and quantitative method that examines and monitors the trampling of landforms in desert areas and emphasises the need to protect the Lut Desert as a unique natural and cultural heritage against anthropogenic factors. This study was conducted at two levels. In the first level, the effects of off-road were studied and monitored in different years, and in the second level, the region wind and its relationship to the persistence of off-road effects on the land of desert forms were analyzed. This study was conducted in the northwestern region of Shahdad clots to Shoor river at a distance of three thousand meters from Shahdad-Nehbandan road. First, Aphrodite works were obtained in digital satellite images and then the density of Aphrodite works was obtained at certain intervals and compared on both sides of the road. During different years, these digitized works were examined and monitored. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the density of off-road effects has an increasing trend and shows that in recent years, off-road riding in the Lut desert has attracted more tourists. At a distance of three thousand meters from the road, the density of off-road effects is about 14%. And at a distance of two thousand meters 6%. And at a distance of three thousand meters 01%. The result shows that there is a direct relationship between the distance from the road and the off-road density.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
shahrivar rostaei; Rasoul Ghorbani; Hadis Bordbar
Abstract
In the study, an attempt was made to extract the main factors and components that influence urban governance in the post-corona era by studying and reviewing domestic scholarly research articles, in order to then prioritize the aforementioned factors in a next step. Providing a conceptual framework for ...
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In the study, an attempt was made to extract the main factors and components that influence urban governance in the post-corona era by studying and reviewing domestic scholarly research articles, in order to then prioritize the aforementioned factors in a next step. Providing a conceptual framework for urban governance in the post-corona era is also considered a secondary objective of this research. This study is a documentary study and methodologically a qualitative survey study. The statistical population includes available articles published in valid domestic journals until the end of 2021 and relevant scientific databases were used for sampling. The innovation of the present study compared to previous and similar studies is that it takes a holistic and systematic view of urban governance studies and also examines urban governance research during the Corona era and afterwards using the qualitative meta-analysis method until the aforementioned method and the analysis of previous research has identified effective factors and components and prioritized them according to their importance. In relation to the most important factors and components affecting urban governance in the post-corona era, the results showed that the structural factor with three effective components (transparency, legality and justice-oriented) and the total score of the components is 21 in the first priority, the institutional factor with one effective component ( responsibility and accountability) and the total score of the components is 10 in the second priority, the individual factor with an effective component (citizen participation) and the total score of the components is 6 in the third priority, the cultural factor without having an effective component and with the total score of the components is 3 in the fourth priority and the spatial factor Also, without having an effective component and with a total score of 2 components, they are placed in the fifth priority.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Akbar Samadi; Rafat Shahmari Ardjani; alireza poursheykhian; Seyyede Sedighe Hasanimehr; Hossein asghari
Abstract
Earthquake is considered as one of the most catastrophic and destructive types of natural hazards that cause extensive damage to property and assets, especially in urban areas, and cause many human casualties by destroying buildings and urban infrastructure. Therefore, the first and most basic step in ...
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Earthquake is considered as one of the most catastrophic and destructive types of natural hazards that cause extensive damage to property and assets, especially in urban areas, and cause many human casualties by destroying buildings and urban infrastructure. Therefore, the first and most basic step in crisis management in order to reduce the effects of an earthquake is to identify vulnerable levels against this crisis. In this regard, the present research was written with the aim of evaluating the level of vulnerability of Ardabil city against the earthquake crisis. The research method in the present study is mixed (quantitative and qualitative) with practical purpose and analytical and exploratory nature. The statistical population of the research also included managers and elites of Ardabil city, and the sample size was determined through the Delphi method of 20 experts. Also, in line with information analysis, have been used AHP technique in Expert Choice software, Weighted Overlay method in GIS software, and RADIUS damage estimation model. The findings of the research show that by examining 15 criteria, the criteria of distance from the fault, proximity to hazardous uses and access to service centers have the most importance (influence) to assess vulnerability to earthquakes. Also, according to the evaluation of the examined criteria and its integration in the fuzzy overlay method, it was found that about 13% of the tissue of Ardabil city is in the zone of very high vulnerability and about 18% is in the zone of high vulnerability. On the other hand, the results of the RADIUS model show that 13853 buildings are subject to destruction, 36% of them are in region 1 and 29% of them are in region 4. Also, the number of injured in the possible earthquake is estimated to be 67117 and the number of dead is 3113.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mohammad Sheikhi; maryam arab
Abstract
The ineffectiveness of urban comprehensive plans in facing the complex issues of Iran's urban planning system, finally caused a change in the approach of compiling these plans from a purely physical approach to a spatial-strategic approach as a new approach in the conditions of urban planning ...
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The ineffectiveness of urban comprehensive plans in facing the complex issues of Iran's urban planning system, finally caused a change in the approach of compiling these plans from a purely physical approach to a spatial-strategic approach as a new approach in the conditions of urban planning in Iran, and the preparation of urban development plans with this approach was approved by the Iran Supreme Council of Urban Planning and Architecture in the summer of 1400 AH. But, the important point in this way is to pay attention to providing the necessary capacities to prepare plans with this approach. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is to analyze the challenges of using this approach with an emphasis on the challenges of its participatory aspect, which was done based on the pathology of obstacles to the participation of stakeholders in the experience of Isfahan Comprehensive Plan as the first plan prepared with this approach. The research method is qualitative and based on it, the data collection method includes in-depth semi-structured interviews and refer to documents, and the qualitative content analysis method was used in the data analysis. The findings of the research showed that participation in the preparing Isfahan Plan by all three stakeholders, including the public sector, civil society and planners, has faced many challenges and these challenges consist of three main categories of institutional environment, structural factors, and content and procedural characteristics of the manuscript of the new approach, And it seems that until the participation is not institutionalized in the planning context of Iran and the attitude of the stakeholders towards participatory planning is not changed the transition to the new approach will not be practical and this change of attitude will remain only at the level of changing the discourse
Research Paper
Climatology
Roghayeh Maleki Meresht; Bromand Salahi; Mahnaz Saber
Abstract
The current research was carried out to analyze the changes in precipitation in northwest Iran during the coming decades based on GCM models. For this purpose, first, the precipitation of 1985-2014 was trended based on the Mann-Kendall test. Then, the daily precipitation data for each of the studied ...
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The current research was carried out to analyze the changes in precipitation in northwest Iran during the coming decades based on GCM models. For this purpose, first, the precipitation of 1985-2014 was trended based on the Mann-Kendall test. Then, the daily precipitation data for each of the studied stations was simulated in SDSM6.1 software for 1985-2014. Then, under the scenarios (SSP2-4.5) and (SSP5-8.5) of CanEsm5 and MPI-ESMI-2HR models, the precipitation of 2015-2043 was predicted. To evaluate the performance of CMIP6 models and compare the basic and predicted values, MSE, RMSE, and MAE statistical measures were used. According to the results of the Man-Kendal test, the precipitation of the base period in the stations of Tabriz, Ardabil, Urmia, Takab, and Maragheh has a decreasing trend and in the stations of Meshginshahr, Sardasht, Mako, Khalkhal, Sarab, Jolfa, and Parsabad it has an increasing trend. Among the 12 investigated stations, only the Maragheh station had a significant decreasing trend. In other stations, precipitation trends were not significant. According to the predictions made based on the mentioned models, under the medium scenario (SSP 2-4.5), the precipitation will decrease in late winter and early spring. In other months, especially summer and autumn months, the percentage of precipitation will be higher. Based on the SSP5-8.5 scenario, the highest percentage of precipitation decrease in the MPI model was predicted by 33% in Jolfa, Sardasht, and Maragheh stations, and in the CanESM5 model, about 33-35% in Jolfa, Takab, and Urmia stations. According to the results, although both models predicted precipitation with a relatively high error, the MPI model had a lower error and more accuracy in predicting precipitation than the CanESM5 model.
Research Paper
Climatology
vahideh abtahi; Saeed jahanbakhsh; hashem rostamzadeh; hasan lashkari
Abstract
Heavy rainfall is considered one of the climatic features of precipitation that can occur in any climate, but its occurrence in arid and semi-arid climates, due to the lack of adequate and appropriate infrastructure, is associated with greater damage. These rains occur under different synoptic conditions. ...
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Heavy rainfall is considered one of the climatic features of precipitation that can occur in any climate, but its occurrence in arid and semi-arid climates, due to the lack of adequate and appropriate infrastructure, is associated with greater damage. These rains occur under different synoptic conditions. In this study, the role of atmospheric rivers in the formation of heavy rainfall has been investigated. For this purpose, heavy rainfall data from stations in the west and northwest of the country were extracted for a 33-year period. Then, precipitation systems were separated in conjunction with atmospheric rivers. In the next step, using weather maps and the troposphere's underlying layer levels, synoptic patterns that lead to the formation of atmospheric rivers were identified. The results showed that atmospheric rivers were responsible for heavy rainfall in the study area, following three general patterns. The Sudanese low-pressure pattern and the combined pattern of Sudanese low-pressure and Mediterranean cyclone were responsible for the most significant role in the formation of atmospheric rivers leading to heavy rainfall, respectively. In the Sudanese low-pressure pattern, two to three days earlier, a broad tongue of Siberian high pressure spreads over the warm waters of the Oman, Arabian, and Aden seas, passing through Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the eastern part of Iran. This tongue, with the rotation of moisture, escapes from the Sudanese system. The Mediterranean trough deepens over western Asia and northeast Africa, and this moisture is strengthened along the southern currents and, by passing over the mountains,leads to the formation of atmospheric rivers. In the combined pattern, with the expansion of the Sudanese low-pressure tongue to the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia, the southern warm waters' moisture is released onto this region with the transport of moisture from the Mediterranean, it is strengthened, leading to the formation of atmospheric rivers.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mousa Kamanroudi Kojouri; kamal rasouli; esmail isazade
Abstract
The excessive increase of cities and their uneven growth due to natural population growth and excessive migrations is one of the fundamental problems of our country's urban network. Cities grow differently, including internal or endogenous development, connected or continuous urban development, ...
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The excessive increase of cities and their uneven growth due to natural population growth and excessive migrations is one of the fundamental problems of our country's urban network. Cities grow differently, including internal or endogenous development, connected or continuous urban development, and detached urban development. However, the issue of importance is how physical growth and development are formed and the extent and manner of expansion of cities, which has brought various economic-social and primarily environmental consequences. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the factors affecting the physical development of Piranshahr City and its environmental consequences for the future development of the city and to control and guide its determining factors and forces. To analyze the data from factor analysis methods, multivariate regression analysis (using SPSS software), as well as the use of Landsat 8 satellite images and the Crosstab model in the years 1365 to 1395 in two fifteen-year periods for the city of Piranshahr, and with The use of satellite image processing techniques and geographic information system have been evaluated and analyzed. The results of this article showed that the built area of Piranshahr city has increased from 144 hectares in 1365 to 958.77 hectares in 1395, which indicates a physical expansion of 6.5 times for this city, which is the result of population increase (natural growth - migration) and change of land use (agriculture, orchards, barren lands) to urban built lands.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
sefatollah rahmani; alireza nikooie; mehrnosh mirzaie; neda alizadeh
Abstract
Formulating a research program strategy based on the goals and policies of the upstream and making it operational based on the capacities and facilities is one of the important and basic measures that have been carried out in the Agricultural Research, Education, and Promotion Organization (TAT). Part ...
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Formulating a research program strategy based on the goals and policies of the upstream and making it operational based on the capacities and facilities is one of the important and basic measures that have been carried out in the Agricultural Research, Education, and Promotion Organization (TAT). Part of this program is strategic identification and priorities, economic and social research of agriculture and rural development. which has been done using descriptive, survey,and field research methods, using the SWAT technique.After reviewing the above documents,expert meetings were held with the presence of experts and experienced researchers in the field of economic and social research in the agriculture and rural development sectors in the country. The results show that among the 11 weak points examined,three cases are climatic diversity, the information obtained from studies, and the existence of legal capacity,and among the 21 weak points examined,territorial fragmentation, the absence of a positive economic and social attitude in research and program. Planning the development of the sector is of great importance.Also, among the 14 investigated opportunities, two cases are the orientation of the sector towards knowledge-based and the possibility of increasing the production capacity of agricultural products,and among the 11 investigated threats,two cases are the lack of practical belief in the proper structure and little attention to research results in planning. They have great privilege and importance. Based on the results of internal factors and external factors, the evaluation matrix shows that the current state of agricultural economics and rural development research is in the defensive area. In other words, trying to maintain the status quo.For 9 research areas in 14 research axes,more than 700 economic and social plans/projects have been identified, for their implementation, it is necessary to provide facilities, credits,and expert human resources with the participation of the private sector and universities.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Zeinab Hematian larki; Moslem Savari; Masoud Yazdanpanah
Abstract
Objective: This research was conducted with the general purpose of investigating the behavioral tendencies of rural tourists based on the consumption value of local food.
Research Method: The statistical population of the research included all tourists in the rural areas of Shushtar. The main research ...
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Objective: This research was conducted with the general purpose of investigating the behavioral tendencies of rural tourists based on the consumption value of local food.
Research Method: The statistical population of the research included all tourists in the rural areas of Shushtar. The main research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability.
Research Innovation: Shushtar County is one of the historical regions of Khuzestan province, which has been registered in UNESCO, and domestic and foreign tourists travel to this city every year. This city has many different local foods that have increased the desire of tourists to these areas. But so far, this has not been done in an official research. Therefore, this research tries to investigate the factors affecting tourists' willingness to use local food.
Findings: The results showed that the multiple consumption values of local food (value of taste/quality, health, price, emotional, social, interactive and cognitive) have a positive and significant effect on the attitude of tourists towards local food and the image of the tourist destination. In addition, the results showed that the attitude of tourists towards local food has an effect on the occurrence of positive behavioral responses from them in the future (intention to recommend local food to others and intention to visit again for food tourism). In general, the results of this research showed that the value-consumption theory is an efficient theory in this field because all its assumptions were significant in the present research and explained a large part of the variance of tourists' behavioral responses. Therefore, this research can help rural development planners to use the potential of local food tourism in rural areas, which are prone to economic prosperity.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
samaneh jalilisadrabad
Abstract
The ability to attract people by public spaces has caused these spaces to be called as a container for the formation of social capital. also, the two-way connection of urban public spaces and social interactions is undeniable, and it should be said that public spaces have led to the formation of social ...
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The ability to attract people by public spaces has caused these spaces to be called as a container for the formation of social capital. also, the two-way connection of urban public spaces and social interactions is undeniable, and it should be said that public spaces have led to the formation of social interactions and the existence of social interactions makes public spaces successful, This raises the importance of successful public spaces.The research method employed an applied-descriptive method and a survey research technique. The data collection method was documentary and field studies that in which concepts related to urban spaces and social interactions were investigated and the effective factors on promoting social interactions in public spaces are classified in 4 dimensions of performance and activity, physical-spatial, environmental and semantic qualities and in 12 components and 60 indicators.these indicators were specificed according to the case study and after that, 10 key drivers have been identified with the Delphi technique and cross-impact analysis method in MICMAC software.the key drivers are:playground and leisure place for children, entertainment and leisure complexes, sitting spaces, the presence of people in different age and gender groups and categories,including women, children, the elderly and disabled people, and the level of response to their presence, suitable furniture for sitting and talking, access to walking and cycling paths, different landuses and activities 24 hours a day, memorable experiences, access to pedestrian facilities and furniture, Attention to the climate of the place of rest and comfort. after that, the 5 categories of public spaces in District 10 are scored according to the Likert method. It can be concluded that despite the existing quantitative and qualitative deficiencies,but the community parks and district parks have a better situation in terms of promoting social interactions than other urban spaces in District 10 of Tehran Municipality.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Akbar Rahimi; Arman Rastkhadiv; Kasra Ketabollahi
Abstract
In recent decades, urban population growth has led to an increased demand for food resources. In such a context, innovative approaches such as urban agriculture development have been proposed. The present study aims to investigate the trends in urban agricultural land changes within the boundaries of ...
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In recent decades, urban population growth has led to an increased demand for food resources. In such a context, innovative approaches such as urban agriculture development have been proposed. The present study aims to investigate the trends in urban agricultural land changes within the boundaries of Marivan city from 1972 to 2022. It seeks to assess the available land, potentials, and strategies for the development of urban green spaces based on urban agriculture principles. The research methodology employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing Landsat satellite imagery for data collection. Radiometric and atmospheric corrections were applied, along with the NDVI index using ENVI software. After generating maps, the evolution of land use changes and the extent of available land for urban agriculture in the study area were examined for the year 2022. Furthermore, this research provides practical solutions and recommendations for the implementation of urban agriculture in Marivan city, based on its potential. A noteworthy aspect of this research is its intention to explore the suitability of land and potentials for urban agriculture in Marivan as a new model for developing urban green spaces. The results of the study indicate that urban agricultural lands have gradually decreased over various periods from 1972 to 2022 due to the city's growth and other human activities in peri-urban areas. However, as of 2022, approximately 2,799 hectares of land are available for urban agriculture, serving as a new model for the development of green urban spaces in Marivan. Several factors contribute to Marivan's success in maintaining agricultural lands and orchards in peri-urban areas. These factors include its favorable climate and geography, strategic location, proactive policies, water resource management, commercialization of agricultural products, prevailing economic conditions, and a substantial labor force. The region has experienced relative climatic stability, ensuring the sustainability of its agricultural lands and orchards.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Seyed Hadi Tayebnia; mohamad Azadpour
Abstract
These settlements lose the ability to return to normal in times of crisis. The present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and measuring the social resilience of the residents of Chabahar's informal settlements (Kamb, Moradabad, and Ramin) and also the effect of socioeconomic status ...
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These settlements lose the ability to return to normal in times of crisis. The present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and measuring the social resilience of the residents of Chabahar's informal settlements (Kamb, Moradabad, and Ramin) and also the effect of socioeconomic status on social resilience. In conducting the research, the descriptive and analytical method was used and in collecting information from the documentary and library method with the approach of a systematic review of related sources, in order to identify the main criteria of social resilience and the conceptual model of social resilience was formulated with the analogical method. Subsequently, the degree of importance of each criterion was evaluated through the distribution of the questionnaire extracted from the components of social resilience in a targeted manner and the analysis of the obtained qualitative and quantitative data. The sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula of 381 questionnaires and distributed by simple random sampling method. In this research, data and information analysis have been done through statistical tests including correlation tests, analysis of variance, Wilcoxon test, one sample t-test, and post hoc test. The findings of this research show that in terms of social indicators, the Kamb neighborhood with an average of 3.358, and the Moradabad neighborhood with an average of 3.015 have the highest and lowest social indicators, but in terms of environmental indicators, Moradabad neighborhood with The average of 3.333 and Remin neighborhood with 3.044 have the highest and lowest average of this index. Taking another look at the results, we find that it is the Kamb neighborhood that surpasses the other two neighborhoods in terms of economic and cultural indicators, and the results make it clear that the Kamb neighborhood is more resilient than the other two neighborhoods in Chabahar city.
Research Paper
Land use Planning
Hasan Masoudi; Davood Amini; Hamed Ebrahimi
Abstract
Governments and societies have historically divided their territories into different regions and areas to better manage their land and preserve the territorial integrity of their country. This practice is now related to the concept of spatial planning, particularly "Territorial Zoning". Territorial ...
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Governments and societies have historically divided their territories into different regions and areas to better manage their land and preserve the territorial integrity of their country. This practice is now related to the concept of spatial planning, particularly "Territorial Zoning". Territorial Zoning aims to achieve cohesive management and the National Division of Labor, as well as utilize the potential of different regions to reduce territorial inequalities and imbalances. In Iran, Territorial Zoning has been implemented by various organizations over the past decades, with the most recent division into nine major regions in 2017. In this descriptive-analytical research, the extensive literature on Spatial planning and Territorial Zoning plans in Iran is reviewed, providing a comprehensive history of these programs. The research then critiques and analyzes these programs. The most important criteria influencing land zoning are identified and prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the opinions of experts. According to the findings, the most important criteria for Territorial Zoning are "cultural-social", "defense-military", and "political-administrative". The sub-criteria of "environmental issues", "level of regional development", "population distribution", "government pattern and type", and "threats and security issues" are also deemed important. Based on the findings and results of the research, the authors propose their own Territorial Zoning plan in the form of ten major regions. This research contributes to the understanding of the history and current state of territorial Zoning in Iran and provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in the field of Territorial Zoning and spatial planning.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mohammadreza Pourmohammadi; Kioumars maleki
Abstract
The city is not only a collection of buildings, but a phenomenon beyond a building complex. Therefore, a city cannot be considered unique only in the collection of buildings. One of the dangers that threaten many cities in the world is earthquakes. Earthquake has long been one of the most dangerous natural ...
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The city is not only a collection of buildings, but a phenomenon beyond a building complex. Therefore, a city cannot be considered unique only in the collection of buildings. One of the dangers that threaten many cities in the world is earthquakes. Earthquake has long been one of the most dangerous natural hazards and has a high risk. Earthquake risk is an expected damage that will cause damage to elements of society or the environment. For this reason, the protection of the city against earthquakes cannot be considered only in retrofitting and building earthquake-resistant buildings. The connection of the northwest of the country has been done after obtaining the opinions of experts in earthquake and passive defense and urban planning, the necessary investigations and analyzes were carried out using Vikor and TOPSIS fuzzy models, and the result of the model was shown using GIS software as a vulnerability map of the display areas. has been given and finally, areas 2, 3, 7, 4, Tabriz metropolitan municipality with less vulnerability and areas 10, 5, 1, 9, 6 and 8 located in the northeastern and northern areas of the city have been identified as unsuitable and critical. and the causes of vulnerability were expressed and solutions to control vulnerability were presented using data and matching the results of models.
Research Paper
Land use Planning
Azra Moshtagheh Mehr; Asadollah Hejazi; Fariba Karami
Abstract
In the present research, the evaluation of land use changes in Mahabad county in a twenty-year period from 2000 to 2020 and the prediction of its possible trends until 2040 have been discussed. In this research, the images of ETM and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite in three years of 2000, 2010 and 2020 ...
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In the present research, the evaluation of land use changes in Mahabad county in a twenty-year period from 2000 to 2020 and the prediction of its possible trends until 2040 have been discussed. In this research, the images of ETM and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite in three years of 2000, 2010 and 2020 and the supervised classification have been used to detect the changes that have occurred. In addition, in order to simulate land use changes, Markov model and cellular automata have been used. Based on our results, the highest trend of increase was related to the built-up lands and the highest trend of decrease was related to the water bodies of the region. In other words, the area of built-up lands increased from 2367.67 hectares to 71006.08 hectares. Besides, the area of water bodies has reached from 9266.63 hectares to 1164.28 hectares, respectively. In addition, based on the results of the Markov model, it is expected that the trend of land use changes will decrease the area of agricultural lands by 1473.1 hectares, orchards and forests by 810.11 hectares, pasture land by 16455.4 hectares and water bodies by 545.69 hectares. On the other hand, these changes will be accompanied by an increase in the area of barren lands by 11831.72 hectares and built-up lands by 7448.42 hectares. Therefore, the possible trend of changes indicates an increase in the level of barren lands and built-up lands and a decrease in other land uses. The results of the present research highlighted the need to pay attention to the challenge of land use change in Mahabad county and can provide a proper understanding of the dimensions, trends and patterns of land use in the region to officials, researchers and local people.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
pezhman mohamadi
Abstract
One of the basic prerequisites for attracting the participation of citizens is the existence of appropriate urban spaces, which can meet the needs of citizens from different dimensions and improve the level of their interactions. , and the clutter of the urban body is very important. The purpose of the ...
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One of the basic prerequisites for attracting the participation of citizens is the existence of appropriate urban spaces, which can meet the needs of citizens from different dimensions and improve the level of their interactions. , and the clutter of the urban body is very important. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the structural model of the role of urban space in enabling citizens to participate in Shahrekord, and in terms of the purpose (type of use) it is an applied research. The method used in this research is a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this study includes the residents of Shahrekord with the number of (190,441). The number of samples was determined to be 383, based on the Cochran's formula, and randomly available. The data collection tool included a 38-question questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed based on structural equation path analysis with AMOS software. The results show that, in general, urban space, the level of citizen participation in the city. The approach has had a positive and significant effect, as urban space has had an impact on participation with a coefficient of 0.17, and the relationship between the physical structure of public spaces has the greatest impact on participation with a coefficient of 0.45, and a network structure. On participation, the coefficient of impact is 0.19.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Fariba Karami; masomeh Rajabi; Fateme Rangraz Forog
Abstract
Hot springs are included in health tourism as a natural resource. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the Geotourism capabilities of the hot springs on the northern slopes of the Bezgosh mountain range with the approach of developing health tourism using the GAM geosite evaluation method (based ...
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Hot springs are included in health tourism as a natural resource. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the Geotourism capabilities of the hot springs on the northern slopes of the Bezgosh mountain range with the approach of developing health tourism using the GAM geosite evaluation method (based on the opinion of experts) and the M-GAM method (based on the opinion of visitors). The current reaserch is both descriotive and analytical in terms of purpose.6 Hot springs were identified through the opinions of experts from the regional water resources department of East Azerbaijan province, according to the results. The results of the GAM method showed that the hot springs of Esboroshan and Allah Haq have the highest points, and the springs of Jaldeh Bakhan and Narmiq have the lowest points in terms of health tourism. The analysis of the location of the springs based on the GAM matrix showed that the main value has a lower score compared to the acquired value, which is due to the low score of the scientific/educational value compared to the conservation and beauty/viewing values. The investigation of the springs with the M-GAM method showed that the hot springs of Esbforoshan and Allah hagh have the highest rating, the main reason for this is due to the higher beauty/scenery and protection features that are considered more by the visitors. The GAM matrix shows that the springs are located in three zones Z33, Z32 and Z21 and based on the M-GAM matrix they are in the zones Z22, Z21 and Z11. The reason for changing the location of the springs is the zoning of the M-GAM matrix due to the application of the important factor (high impact of tourists' opinion on the final result).
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mostafa Movasati; Hassan Ahmadzadeh; Ali panahi
Abstract
Earthquake is one of the most dangerous, destructive and unpredictable natural hazards. Therefore, identify the vulnerable areas of cities is necessary in order to increase the capacity to deal with earthquake risks and crisis management of this risk. In this regard, the present study was written with ...
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Earthquake is one of the most dangerous, destructive and unpredictable natural hazards. Therefore, identify the vulnerable areas of cities is necessary in order to increase the capacity to deal with earthquake risks and crisis management of this risk. In this regard, the present study was written with the aim of investigating the vulnerable levels of Tabriz metropolis against earthquakes and providing crisis management solutions (before the crisis) to reduce the effects of earthquakes. The research method in the current study is mixed (combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches) with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature, in order to analyze information; FAHP method in ArcGIS and PROMETHEE method were used. In addition, the statistical population of the research includes managers, city officials, and academic elites. The sample size of managers and officials was determined using Cohen's method at the 95% confidence level, 90 people, and the method of accessing them is based on the snowball method. The size of the sample of academic elites is also determined based on the targeted Delphi sampling method of 14 people. The findings of the research show that the peripheral and central areas of the city have the highest vulnerability potential. Meanwhile, regions 10 and 1 with net flow of -0.454 and -0.527 are considered among the areas with high vulnerability to earthquakes. Among the factors affecting the vulnerability of these areas, we can mention the proximity to the fault, wear and tear of the tissues, distance from the aid centers, high density and the lack of elasticity of the roads. For this purpose, a systemic and integrated approach is needed in order to be able to recover and empower the community, and in this regard, it is necessary to pay attention to the pre-crisis stage in the dimensions of building retrofitting, improving access and
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Nayer Teymuorzadeh; Majid Dadashi Rostami Sales
Abstract
Urban development is one of the important issues raised in the field of planning, and in the world it means improving productivity and better use of land and space, and it is influenced by factors including natural factors, such that the development of cities with natural bedrock and geomorphological ...
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Urban development is one of the important issues raised in the field of planning, and in the world it means improving productivity and better use of land and space, and it is influenced by factors including natural factors, such that the development of cities with natural bedrock and geomorphological effects is facingDue to the increase in population and the need to use the land around us, it is necessary to make intelligent planning in the field of sustainable urban development in terms of geomorphological phenomena and hazards. The existence of geomorphic hazards and the dynamics of the natural environment sometimes make it difficult to evaluate all factors at the same time in order to determine the appropriate location, so the use of efficient methods is one of the planning measures for urban development.The purpose of this research is to locate the physical development of Sufian city based on geomorphic factors using the AHP-Fuzzy model. To do this, the desired layers, elevation classes, slope, slope direction, lithology, distance from the fault, distance from the waterway, drainage network , land use, distance from the road was prepared.Then weighting was done in Expert choice software. Criteria of distance from fault with coefficient (0.218), distance from waterway (0.191), land use (0.155), distance from road (0.130), drainage network (0.102), slope (0.075) ), lithology (0.063), elevation classes (0.055), slope direction (0.011) are respectively the most important influencing factors in the physical development of Sufian city.By combining the results of AHP-Fuzzy and GIS, the studied area is divided into 5 unsuitable floors with an area of 15/90, relatively unsuitable 16/18, relatively suitable 16/59, suitable 16/53, very suitable 67 / 31 square kilometers were prioritized, the northern and eastern parts are in unsuitable areas and the central and southern parts are in very suitable areas.
Research Paper
Climatology
Narges Samadi; Ali akbar Rasouli pirouzian; Davood Mokhtari; Khalil Valizadeh Kamran
Abstract
The main aim of the current study was to detect changes in snow cover within the Western watersheds of Lake Urmia, situated in the Silvaneh mountain range, using the processing of multi-sensor and multi-spectral satellite images for high-precision identification of snow-covered areas. Sentinel-2 and ...
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The main aim of the current study was to detect changes in snow cover within the Western watersheds of Lake Urmia, situated in the Silvaneh mountain range, using the processing of multi-sensor and multi-spectral satellite images for high-precision identification of snow-covered areas. Sentinel-2 and Landsat (8 and 9) satellite images were acquired and underwent preprocessing operations, such as atmospheric and radiometric corrections, using ENVI software version 1/10. Projects for the May months of the years 2016 to 2023 were then established. Initially, normalized difference snow indices were employed to independently generate snow cover maps for Landsat and Sentinel images for the entire watersheds of Nazluchay, Ruzechay, Shahrchay, and Barandozchay. In the next stage, an optimized color-sensitive object-based approach, based on object-oriented functions, was applied to the main bands of the Sentinel-2 sensor. To enhance the accuracy of the final results, Landsat images were fused with Sentinel images through a coordinated fusion method, producing various products, especially high-resolution optimized color images and classified scene maps. Ultimately, high-precision snow cover maps for temporal series were extracted for each of the mentioned watersheds through processing the fused images. Examination of the snow cover maps revealed that despite its smaller area compared to the Nazluchay and Barandozchay watersheds, the Shahrchay watershed has a higher snow accumulation coefficient, allowing for greater snow cover storage. Additionally, the comparison of the snow cover density map (years 2016 to 2023) with the elevation model of Alouspalsar at a resolution of 5/12 meters indicates a significant distribution of snow cover in higher elevations above 2300 meters in the study area. Therefore, accurate identification of snow cover, even on a daily and weekly scale, can provide essential and precise information for proactive water resource management, resulting from snowmelt, with multiple objectives in the watersheds surrounding Lake Urmia.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Maryam jami odulo; MohammadHasan Yazdani; Ata Ghafari Ghilandeh
Abstract
The patterns of land separation are one of the tools that allow land users and urban designers and planners to control the existing and future development and construction of the land and use it with appropriate standards and criteria. and close the shape of the city. Therefore, the way of separation ...
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The patterns of land separation are one of the tools that allow land users and urban designers and planners to control the existing and future development and construction of the land and use it with appropriate standards and criteria. and close the shape of the city. Therefore, the way of separation and compliance with the principles and rules of urban planning and the effective components during the separation of urban lands will have a significant impact on cities. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the patterns of segregation and the factors affecting it in the suburban areas of Ardabil city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical population of the research was made up of executive experts in housing and urban development and the Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation of Ardabil city, 50 of them were selected by snowball method and the questionnaire was completed. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel software, and after weighting the studied indicators using the Shannon entropy method, the selected areas were selected using the COPRAS model. were ranked. The results of the implementation of the mentioned model show that in terms of the factors affecting land segregation patterns in the suburbs of Ardabil city, Sablan town, dadghostari town, karshenasan town and sina town are ranked first to fourth respectively. are located The components affecting land separation play a decisive role in identifying the land separation pattern. Therefore, it is pointless to consider a fixed pattern for all urban spaces considering the effective components. As a result, the optimal pattern of land separation should always be reviewed and monitored by considering the effective components.
Research Paper
Geotourism
abdul Rahim hashemi; Behrouz Nezafat takle; Sayeh Abidi
Abstract
The aim of the current research is to evaluate the geotourism and geomorphological potentials of Parsabad city in the direction of economic development. The nature of this research is descriptive-analytical-applied and Hadzik, Pavlova, and Reynard models were used to evaluate the studied area. The results ...
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The aim of the current research is to evaluate the geotourism and geomorphological potentials of Parsabad city in the direction of economic development. The nature of this research is descriptive-analytical-applied and Hadzik, Pavlova, and Reynard models were used to evaluate the studied area. The results obtained from the dynamic model of Parsabad city in the scientific sub-indices section according to experts and visitors have obtained an average score of 2.84 and 0.52, and also in the sub-index of surplus values, it has an average score of 3.15 and 0.50, respectively. experts and visitors. The results obtained from the Pavlova model and the positive factors of competitiveness in this region indicate its high importance in terms of historical and cultural monuments, natural wealth and protected areas. But in terms of the negative factors of competitiveness in this region, in the areas of lack of skilled specialists and lack of budget for the development of the region, competitiveness has been low; Therefore, the Parsabad geotourism area is placed in the category of good competitiveness with a weighted score of 1.5. Also, according to the results obtained from Reynard's model, the studied area has received the highest score under the added value index with a value of 2.21 because it has scored the highest score in the sub-indices of protected places and historical monuments. Therefore, it is concluded that by combining the results obtained from different evaluation models, this region has high importance and value in parts such as the presence of historical and cultural areas and protected places, and on the other hand, due to the budget deficit in the region and the lack of welfare infrastructure for tourists, as well as the lack of management Adequate to some extent, it does not have favorable conditions in attracting tourists to the region.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Mohammad Javad Ahmadian; Elham Karimi
Abstract
In addition to the economic value, agricultural farms and their products can play an important role in tourism, especially in rural areas. This study examines the feasibility of agricultural tourism development in Saffron farms of Tiran-va-Karvan rural areas and attempts to identify and describe its ...
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In addition to the economic value, agricultural farms and their products can play an important role in tourism, especially in rural areas. This study examines the feasibility of agricultural tourism development in Saffron farms of Tiran-va-Karvan rural areas and attempts to identify and describe its determinants and barriers. The statistical population was the Saffron farmers of the region. The practically experienced Saffron farms tourism, as the dependent variable, and farmers’ individual characteristics, crop’s economic characteristics, and several structural and organizational factors were independent variables of the study, which have evaluated and analyzed through appropriate processing procedures, following the operationalization and data gathering field operations. Based on the results, the limited practically experienced Saffron farms tourism has been positively influenced by factors such as general tourism infrastructures, advertising, demand from local authorities, economic characteristics of the crop, its cultivation history and the level of education of the farmers. Further analysis showed if the region’s potential of Saffron farms tourism, be accompanied by organizational supports and specialized farm amenities as the most important preconditions for farm tourism, and favorable mentalities of farmers to pursue and realize it, will be able to lead the Saffron cultivation system of the region towards the on-farm non-agricultural entrepreneurial activities, especially the tourism, more commercialized and profitable. That way, due to the harvest and post-harvest characteristics of Saffron, the women and even the non-agricultural occupants of the families can have a significant role in this regard.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
mahta eskandarnejad; fereshte golzadeh; behzad behzadnia
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of the relationship between environmental protection behaviors and the mediating role of professional ethics in athletes. The research method was descriptive-correlation studies based on structural equations. The statistical population of the research was ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of the relationship between environmental protection behaviors and the mediating role of professional ethics in athletes. The research method was descriptive-correlation studies based on structural equations. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the athletes, who were selected as a sample based on the multi-stage cluster random sampling method based on the unlimited population size and according to Morgan's table. In order to collect information, questionnaires of professional ethics and environmental protection behaviors of Kaiser (1999) were used. The reliability of the questionnaires was found to be 0.854 and 0.832, respectively, based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was done through Pearson test and structural equations with AMOS software. According to the results of the Pearson correlation test, there is a significant positive relationship between professional ethics and environmental protection behaviors (Sig=0.001, r=0.714). Also, the results of structural equations showed that the mediation of professional ethics has a significant positive effect on the environmental protection behaviors of athletes.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Leila Aghayary; Sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood; Batool Zeinali
Abstract
Flood is one of the most common natural hazards that causes many human and financial losses all over the world every year. In order to reduce the damages caused by floods and flood management, it is necessary to assess the possibility of danger and prepare maps of possible danger areas. Flood-flooding ...
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Flood is one of the most common natural hazards that causes many human and financial losses all over the world every year. In order to reduce the damages caused by floods and flood management, it is necessary to assess the possibility of danger and prepare maps of possible danger areas. Flood-flooding potential zoning is one of the methods that can be adopted to reduce the risks caused by floods. In recent years, many destructive floods have occurred in Garami county. For this reason, in order to manage floods, reduce damages and use water resources correctly, the flood potential of Germi county has been studied. In this study, 9 factors of slope, slope direction, height, precipitation, distance from the river, density of the river, lithology, distance from the city and village and land use were identified as effective factors for causing floods in the region. Standardization of maps was done using fuzzy method and zoning of prone areas was done with Aras multi-criteria algorithm in Edrisi software environment and according to the results of flood risk zoning; The criteria of lithology, land use, slope, distance from the river are the most important factors involved in creating the risk of subsidence of the study area with the weight coefficient of 0.853, 0.808, 0.674 and 0.4867 respectively, and 189.70 and 189.70 respectively. 20/388 square kilometers of the area has a very high probability of danger.
Research Paper
Climatology
Paria Saadatjoo; Ali Alizadeh; Saeed jahanbakhsh; Ali Mohammad Khorshiddoust; Behrooz Sari Sarraf
Abstract
This article investigates the impact of climate change on energy consumption in residential buildings across various Iranian cities over the next 70 years.
To achieve this, climatic data for Tehran, Tabriz, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kermanshah were generated using Meteonorm 8 software based on existing ten-year ...
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This article investigates the impact of climate change on energy consumption in residential buildings across various Iranian cities over the next 70 years.
To achieve this, climatic data for Tehran, Tabriz, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kermanshah were generated using Meteonorm 8 software based on existing ten-year climatic data. Following the identification of prevalent residential building types in Iran, a representative sample was selected, and energy simulations were conducted using Design Builder 7.0.0.096 software for the years 2030, 2060, and 2090 in the aforementioned cities.
The results indicated a projected increase in cooling energy demand across all cities in the coming years. Tehran exhibited the most significant changes in annual heating energy, with a projected decrease of 37% in 2060 and 66.64% in 2090 compared to 2030. Tabriz experienced the largest annual increase in cooling energy, with a rise of 37.53% in the first three decades and 75.43% in the subsequent three decades. Overall, projected annual cooling energy changes ranged from 21.36% to 37.53% by 2060 and 44.14% to 75.43% by 2090 across these cities.
Tabriz had the highest annual energy consumption, while Kermanshah had the lowest. Additionally, Tabriz exhibited the highest heating energy consumption, whereas Tehran had the highest cooling energy demand annually. Regarding carbon dioxide emissions, Tehran recorded the highest levels during 2030, 2060, and 2090, with Isfahan showing the most substantial increase in emissions over the seventy-year period. Statistical analyses revealed a significant relationship between temperature changes and time across all cities. However, no significant relationship was found between time and energy consumption or carbon dioxide emissions in these cities. In conclusion, this study highlights the anticipated changes in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in residential buildings across Iranian cities due to climate change.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Rahman Zandi; Fatemeh Shahriyar
Abstract
This research aims to evaluate the relationship between time series of land use changes and land surface temperature in desert cities in Yazd using time series satellite images of 1987-2022 in Google Earth Engine system. To calculate (LST), using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal band data in these two time ...
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This research aims to evaluate the relationship between time series of land use changes and land surface temperature in desert cities in Yazd using time series satellite images of 1987-2022 in Google Earth Engine system. To calculate (LST), using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal band data in these two time periods, in addition to the supervised classification method, from the separate window algorithm method, and to calculate the vegetation cover from the normalized index (NDVI) has been used. The results of the supervised classification method showed; By comparing the changes in land use area between 2022 and 1987, it was determined that in 1987, desert areas had the largest area with (1815/1416) square kilometers, and in 2022, residential areas had the largest area with (74/1861) square kilometers. The lowest area in 1987-2022 is related to garden and forest lands with (34.4934) square kilometers and in 2022 with (2.5281) square kilometers. The amount of vegetation changes in 1987 with (11.9916) square kilometers, compared to 2022 with (13.0455) square kilometers, had the lowest area. The results of temperature changes showed that the maximum and minimum temperature of 1987 was equal to (60-61) degrees Celsius, compared to 2022 with values of (19-33) degrees Celsius, there were temporal and spatial changes. Therefore, by examining the average annual temperature and precipitation in different seasons of the year until the horizon of 2045, it was determined that with the increase in annual temperature in the future, this city will face a decrease in rainfall in different rainy seasons of the year. Therefore, the highest temperature occurred in the spring season and the lowest rainfall occurred in the autumn season.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Akbar Asgharizamani; Mohajjabeh Barei; rahim Heydari chianeh
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, one of the reasons and motives of tourists travel is the existence of world heritage sites in the destination. This project, which is introduced by UNESCO and stakeholders and related media, is an indicator of choosing a tourist destination. Therefore, recognizing the values ...
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Abstract
In recent years, one of the reasons and motives of tourists travel is the existence of world heritage sites in the destination. This project, which is introduced by UNESCO and stakeholders and related media, is an indicator of choosing a tourist destination. Therefore, recognizing the values of the world heritage sites and converting this resource to an international tourist attraction can have a major role in the development of urban tourism or the area where the site is located. In this research, indicators and items related to the development of tourism in Tabriz historic Bazaar, including cultural and urban tourism concepts have been studied. According to the results of the study, three valuable items, indicator gravity, knowledge and responsibility were identified as the main factors for development of market tourism. A valuable item is located in the center of this structure and the indicators of attraction index and awareness are the result of this valuable and also features of tourism development.
Research Paper
Geotourism
mehrdad vahabzadeh; Fariba Esfandiari Dorabad; zohreh sheikhlar; Behrouz Nezafat takle; Oveys Vahabzadeh zargari
Abstract
Therefore, considering the development of the tourism industry, it is necessary to evaluate tourism centers in terms of efficiency and competitiveness. The aim of the current research is to assess the potential of geomorphological and geotourism destinations in Khalkhal City, Shahrood district.
Methods: ...
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Therefore, considering the development of the tourism industry, it is necessary to evaluate tourism centers in terms of efficiency and competitiveness. The aim of the current research is to assess the potential of geomorphological and geotourism destinations in Khalkhal City, Shahrood district.
Methods: In this research, two models, Kubalikova and Pavolová, were used, along with the conversion of the results into a map using the geographic information system.
Results: The results obtained from the Kubalikova model indicate that the Shahrood district, with 11 points due to the high diversity of stratigraphic and geological phenomena, has high potential in the geotourism sector and stratigraphic destinations. Additionally, the Shahrood and Palanga districts scored 8 and 7 points, respectively. Below are the results based on the positive and negative matrix in Pavolová's model. It also shows that Dehistan Shahrood, with a score of 1.71, has the highest competitiveness due to its stratigraphic sites, caves, and various hydrological sites, ranking at the top in terms of competitiveness. Shahrood and Palanga districts are also ranked well with 1.61 and 1.53 points, respectively, due to the low variety of phenomena and service facilities. However, all three districts in the Shahrood sector have low values in terms of budget deficit.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained from both models for measuring the potentials of geomorphological and geotourism destinations, it is concluded that Shal village has a higher potential than Shahrood and Palanga districts, as well as the output results of the map of the potentials of geomorphological and geotourism destinations in the Pavlova model. It has a higher accuracy, which is due to more parameters of the matrices, also the Kubalikova model has a general model and has a lower accuracy than the Pavolová model.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Hossein karimzadeh; hamdollah ssojasi gheidari; Robab Naghizadeh
Abstract
Objective: Rural tourism entrepreneurship is considered a strategic approach to the transition to a sustainable community, and the desire for rural tourism entrepreneurship is reflected via each rural's unique features and abilities. This paper aims to determine the essential ...
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Objective: Rural tourism entrepreneurship is considered a strategic approach to the transition to a sustainable community, and the desire for rural tourism entrepreneurship is reflected via each rural's unique features and abilities. This paper aims to determine the essential aspects of rural tourism entrepreneurship based on strategic advantages in connection with tourist villages of Ardabil province.
Methods: In this research, 15 tourism villages of Ardabil province, selected by the Organization of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts, and Tourism, are the study areas. Random sampling has been used to select households in the tourism villages. In this sampling, people in the community are given an equal chance to be selected in the sample. The required data were collected through a questionnaire survey. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) designed with Lisrel software.
Results: The results indicate that, the variable "acceptance of new ideas and values" in the "flexibility" index, the variable "access to amenities (water, electricity, gas...)" in the index of "energy" and the variable "ability to transfer one's expertise and skills to others such as children, friends or acquaintances" in the index of "expertise and skill" have the first to third ranks according to the respondents. Finally, this study provides new ways to launch rural entrepreneurship related to tourism based on strategic advantages.
Conclusions: in this study all dimensions (economic, social, cultural, physical, Individual, and environmental) of strategic advantages are significant.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Seyed Hadi Tayebnia; Maryam Hoseinzie
Abstract
Throughout history, human societies have continued to face dangers and have always suffered harmful effects. Environmental hazards are occurring not only in terms of number, but also with an increase in diversity and amount of damage, especially in rural areas. Close connection with the environment, ...
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Throughout history, human societies have continued to face dangers and have always suffered harmful effects. Environmental hazards are occurring not only in terms of number, but also with an increase in diversity and amount of damage, especially in rural areas. Close connection with the environment, deprivation, lack of awareness and preparation increases the vulnerability of rural areas. However, some phenomena are inevitable and the only way to deal with them is to manage them. One of the approaches to face environmental risks and crises is resilience. The studied area is exposed to various types of hazards and is in a high vulnerability condition, and it is necessary to measure its resilience. This research is of an applied type and its purpose is to investigate the level of resilience of rural settlements in Sarbaz city. The research method is descriptive, analytical and survey-based. The required data were collected using library studies and field survey at the household level, and the sample size was estimated according to Cochran's formula from the population of 2276 households, equivalent to 329 households, and the questionnaire was completed by simple random sampling method. The results of the research showed that the level of resilience in the social and physical dimension is optimal with an average of 3.45 and 3.23, respectively, in the economic dimension with an average of 3.01, it is in the average level, and in the leadership quarter with an average of 2.85, it is in an unfavorable level.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Leyla Mohammadi Kazemabadi; Sedigheh Lotfi; Amer Nikpour
Abstract
Today, air pollution of large cities has caused major crises in economic, social, environmental and physical development. So that this issue has become the first priority for urban planners in order to curb the problem. Investigating the effects of urban form on air quality has been considered in both ...
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Today, air pollution of large cities has caused major crises in economic, social, environmental and physical development. So that this issue has become the first priority for urban planners in order to curb the problem. Investigating the effects of urban form on air quality has been considered in both experimental and theoretical research. Arak metropolis is unhealthy especially for vulnerable groups due to the presence of many sources of air pollution in more than half of the days of the year and now it is one of the eight polluted cities in the country. The present study attempted to evaluate the impact of city form indicators on the pollution of the city. The research results showed; There has been a significant relationship between the city form index and the dependent variable (air pollution index) at the 95% level. So that the R2 value obtained from the spatial analysis of the city form index on SO2, showed 72% and the influence of the city form on the production of this pollutant. The intensity of the effect is greater in zones 2 and 3 of Arak city. This study explored the regional form and air pollution in a city where the concentration of industrial plants exacerbated environmental situation. So urban planning and policies should be formulated in accordance with the city function and industrial structure of Arak metropolis.
Research Paper
Land use Planning
Bahman Veisi Nabikandi; Abolfazl Ghanbari
Abstract
Evaluating and forecasting the changes in habitat quality (HQ) caused by land use/land cover (LULC) variations during urbanization is crucial for establishing a comprehensive ecological planning system and tackling the obstacles to global sustainable development. Over the last several decades, the biodiversity ...
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Evaluating and forecasting the changes in habitat quality (HQ) caused by land use/land cover (LULC) variations during urbanization is crucial for establishing a comprehensive ecological planning system and tackling the obstacles to global sustainable development. Over the last several decades, the biodiversity and environmental quality of the northern provinces have seen significant transformations as a result of population growth, urban development, climate change, and the rise in tourist activities. In this research, the LULC maps of Amol City were created for the years 2000 and 2020 using remote sensing data. Additionally, using the CA-Markov model, a simulation was conducted for the year 2035, considering two scenarios: Business-As-Usual (BAU) and Ecological Protection (EP). To assess the spatiotemporal changes occurring at HQ, we integrated the InVEST-HQ model with the CA-Markov model. The findings indicate a significant decline in overall HQ in the city of Amol between 2000 and 2020, mostly due to urbanization and agricultural expansion. Between 2020 and 2035, according to the BAU scenario, the landscape pattern and HQ will continue to deteriorate, following the previous trend of decline. The EP scenario, on the other hand, will be critical in stabilizing and supporting the area's HQ. This emphasizes the significance of preserving ecological spaces like forests and grasslands. The study's maps and findings may assist local managers and related organizations in implementing more efficient plans and solutions for the preservation of these ecosystems.
Research Paper
Climatology
Mahnaz Saber; Bromand Salahi; Roghayeh Maleki Meresht
Abstract
In this research, the water balance components of the Aras basin area were simulated in the SWAT model for a period of 28 years (1987-2014). For this purpose, the efficiency and capability of the SWAT model by SWAT CUP using the SUFI2 algorithm and based on the observed discharge data in the selected ...
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In this research, the water balance components of the Aras basin area were simulated in the SWAT model for a period of 28 years (1987-2014). For this purpose, the efficiency and capability of the SWAT model by SWAT CUP using the SUFI2 algorithm and based on the observed discharge data in the selected hydrometric station of Aras basin (Bdoy) with 70% of the data (1987-2006) and 30% of the rest (2007-2014) was validated. Based on the raster data input to the model, this basin was divided into 68 subbasins with 1264 hydrological response units (HRUs) and calculations were performed on their level. SWAT model calibration was done by using 14 important parameters that were selected from several parameters based on the comparison of sensitivity analysis results. In the sensitivity analysis stage of the model, parameters related to monthly temperature, air temperature, and soil evaporation factor from.bsn,.wgn, and.hru files were identified as the most effective parameters in simulating the flow discharge of the selected hydrometric station of Aras Basin. By running 300 times of calibration, finally, the best round of simulation based on the target criteria was identified and the output data was evaluated. The efficiency and accuracy of the model in the calibration period (1987-2006) based on the evaluation criteria of NS, P-Factor, R-Factor, and R2 were calculated as 0.64, 0.71, 0.27, and 0.79 respectively, which show the satisfactory performance of the model. In the water balance simulation, it is Aras Basin. The values of these criteria in the validation period were calculated as 0.7, 0.78, 0.3, and 0.68 respectively.
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Mousa Abedini; Aboozar sadeghi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to calculate the nocturnal urban heat island (UHI) and its relationship with urban land use in the metropolitan area of Tabriz. Landsat satellite data and Sentinel 3 data were used for this research. The Landsat satellite data was processed in ENVI 5.3.1, and the Sentinel 3 data ...
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The aim of this study is to calculate the nocturnal urban heat island (UHI) and its relationship with urban land use in the metropolitan area of Tabriz. Landsat satellite data and Sentinel 3 data were used for this research. The Landsat satellite data was processed in ENVI 5.3.1, and the Sentinel 3 data was processed in SNAP software, with further statistical calculations and outputs performed using ARCGIS 10.8. In the Landsat data, the minimum temperature was 5.14°C and the maximum temperature was 23.91°C, with the highest temperatures observed in bare land, transportation, agriculture, industrial, residential areas, as well as low-lying areas and areas lacking vegetation cover. The highest percentage of area with temperatures ranging from 15.16°C to 17.88°C was approximately 45.75% of the city. Areas with temperatures above 19°C covered an area of approximately 31.45 square kilometers, which accounts for 12.58% of the city. In the Sentinel data, the minimum temperature was 12.84°C and the maximum temperature was 21.62°C, with similar land use patterns to the Landsat data. Areas with temperatures ranging from 17.29°C to 18.45°C had the highest percentage of area, and areas with temperatures above 19°C covered approximately 17.06 square kilometers, accounting for 6.82% of the total area. Based on the results, which showed similar temperatures and land use patterns in both satellite data, it can be concluded that either satellite can be used for extracting the urban heat island (nighttime temperature).
Research Paper
Urban Planning
leily hojaghani; Alireza Rostamzadeh Khosroshahi; Ali Mahmoudzadeh
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of technical, economic and environmental feasibility of a small-scale solar power plant in the northwestern region of Iran. The area studied in the current research is the northwestern region of the country. The research is applied in terms of its purpose ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of technical, economic and environmental feasibility of a small-scale solar power plant in the northwestern region of Iran. The area studied in the current research is the northwestern region of the country. The research is applied in terms of its purpose and the current research is descriptive or non-experimental and in terms of data type, it is quantitative. In this research, firstly, the study area will be studied by field and library methods, and then the amount of energy and capacity factor of the power plant will be calculated by analytical method, and then, the economic aspect of the project will be investigated. In this research, using the RETScreen software, the amount of solar energy received, the power plant's capacity factor, the estimation of initial and periodic costs, the calculation of the amount of greenhouse gas reduction and the financial evaluation will be discussed. The results show that the highest amount of sunlight in Tabriz city is in June and the lowest amount of sunlight throughout the year is in December. In the 10,000 kW solar power plant selected by setting the benchmark, it can be said that, at the minimum cost, the production of each kilowatt hour of electrical energy in Tabriz city through solar energy costs 0.275 dollars and it costs a lot compared to other methods. assigns Producing the same amount of electricity through a photovoltaic system costs $0.060. According to the obtained results, if this power plant is set up, it is not economical, but it will significantly reduce air pollution.
Research Paper
Land use Planning
Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz; Sepideh Raz; Shahram Yusefi Khanghah; Saeideh Javanmardi
Abstract
Sanitary landfill is one of the most practical and major methods of urban waste disposal, which is mostly used in the urban waste management system to prevent negative environmental consequences. For this purpose, sitting the suitable place to landfill urban waste is very important. Therefore, the purpose ...
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Sanitary landfill is one of the most practical and major methods of urban waste disposal, which is mostly used in the urban waste management system to prevent negative environmental consequences. For this purpose, sitting the suitable place to landfill urban waste is very important. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the optimal place for sanitary landfill of Andimeshk waste. After preparing the information layers of the criteria in the GIS environment, the layers were standardized and dimensionless using fuzzy membership functions, then the weighting of the criteria was done using Chang's FAHP method, and in the last step, the layers were combined using the WLC method. After combining the layers, the final map was classified into three suggested categories: suitable, relatively suitable and unsuitable. The result was that in the FAHP method, 23% of the studied area was identified as a suitable class for location. Also, an area equal to 38% of the area was found to be relatively suitable and an area equal to 39% of the area was found to be inappropriate in terms of the burial potential.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
neda sohrabi; hassan sajadzadeh; amirbahador samari
Abstract
Environmental quality is part of human satisfaction with the environment. Although pedestrianization plays an important role in improving environmental quality in urban spaces, uniform approaches without considering the spatial nature, potentials, and environmental capacities in the construction of urban ...
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Environmental quality is part of human satisfaction with the environment. Although pedestrianization plays an important role in improving environmental quality in urban spaces, uniform approaches without considering the spatial nature, potentials, and environmental capacities in the construction of urban pedestrian paths will not only fail to promote environmental quality and satisfaction, but also lead to a decline in the social and economic quality of urban spaces. The aim of this research is to evaluate the environmental quality components of the Bouali and Ekbatan pedestrian paths in Hamedan city from the perspective of users in order to respond to the needs of citizens and user satisfaction. The method of this research is practical in terms of objective and descriptive-analytical in terms of method of implementation. Indicators and measurement criteria related to environmental quality were extracted by reviewing credible scientific texts and then collecting the opinions of citizens and employees through a questionnaire. The statistical population in this study was infinite, and using the method of infinite population sampling, a sample size of 200 individuals was selected for this study. For the reliability assessment, Cronbach's alpha was used, and for the validity assessment, the KMO index and Bartlett's test were used. For statistical analysis of the data, exploratory factor analysis was used and an independent two-sample t-test was used to compare the two pedestrian paths of Bouali and Ekbatan in Hamedan city in the SPSS software. The findings of the exploratory factor analysis indicate that the factors "presence", "environmental responsiveness", "cultural and social activity diversity", "comfort and security", and "ease of movement and accessibility" have the highest contribution to explaining environmental quality. Furthermore, the comparison results of environmental quality factors show that Bouali pedestrian street has achieved a better position in terms of accessibility, environmental responsiveness, and cultural-social activity diversity.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Freydoun Babayi Aghdam; rahim heydari chianeh; Ghasem Rahimifard
Abstract
in recent years , competitiveness is considered as an effective economic concept on sustainable development of tourism industry .perhaps until a few years ago , only a service such as clean rooms , transport service and appropriate food would satisfy the customers of hotels ; but at the moment the hotel ...
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in recent years , competitiveness is considered as an effective economic concept on sustainable development of tourism industry .perhaps until a few years ago , only a service such as clean rooms , transport service and appropriate food would satisfy the customers of hotels ; but at the moment the hotel passengers will evaluate the entire service of receiving services from entering residential places to the leaving stage and compare their expectations with the quality of the offered services and make the assessment the basis for future reference .one of the most important features of residential services is to create a sense of comfort and comfort to customers through a high - quality relationship and paying attention to providing mental and physical needs of passengers .the present research is descriptive - analytical and applied in terms of purpose .according to the studied indices , for gathering data , library research method and then میدانی ( questionnaire method - likert spectrum ) were used from tourists of residential centers in tabriz .to analyze the collected data using spss software and one sample t - test ( t - test ) was used to evaluate the competitiveness indices of tabriz city .multivariate regression analysis and analysis of variance ( anova ) were used to investigate and study the relationship between the indicators of tourism development in tabriz and total quality management and to determine the effect of each of the variables of total quality management on tourism competitiveness in tabriz .also , to investigate the relationship between variables in the period of june and october to 2023 , its correlation was also studied , which was positive and the results showed that by applying total quality management , the size of tourism competitiveness indices increase over time in tabriz residential centers .
Research Paper
Climatology
مهدی Asadi
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to predict the trends of climatic parameters affecting almond growth from 2021 to 2100. We utilized the IPSL-CM5A-LR and GFDL-ESM2M models from the CMIP5 report, as well as the GFDL-ESM4 and IPSL-CM6A-LR models from the CMIP6 report. These models were selected based on their high ...
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In this study, we aimed to predict the trends of climatic parameters affecting almond growth from 2021 to 2100. We utilized the IPSL-CM5A-LR and GFDL-ESM2M models from the CMIP5 report, as well as the GFDL-ESM4 and IPSL-CM6A-LR models from the CMIP6 report. These models were selected based on their high coefficient of determination (r^2) with temperature and precipitation data from the Birjand station, outperforming the other 10 models. Kendall's rank correlation test results revealed that the average, maximum, and minimum temperatures exhibited an increase of over 3 degrees Celsius, while precipitation showed a decreasing trend. These findings suggest a prevalence of dry conditions during the study period from 2021 to 2100. Furthermore, the climate models showed that the RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) and MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation) values for temperature in all the examined models were below 1.322. The GFDL-ESM2M model displayed the lowest RMSE and MAD values, with numerical values of 1.023 and 0.997, respectively. However, all models' RMSE and MAD values for precipitation were above 10. Overall, the CMIP6 models (RMSE for temperature and precipitation: 1.156 and 14.463, MAD for temperature and precipitation: 1.139 and 12.583) performed better in predicting temperature and precipitation in the study area, exhibiting lower mean errors compared to the CMIP5 models. The only exception was the MAD value for precipitation 11.703 (RMSE for temperature and precipitation: 1.172 and 13.479, MAD for temperature and precipitation: 1.140 and 11.703). Finally, due to the increase in minimum and maximum temperatures and decrease in precipitation, the future conditions of the crops are facing a challenge.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Keramatollah ziari; shahryar hamidy kay
Abstract
The mutual effects of humans and the natural environment always directly and indirectly cause land use changes, which lead to many environmental problems and endanger the life of the planet; Therefore, it is necessary to know the changes and the factors affecting them in order to continue life and reduce ...
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The mutual effects of humans and the natural environment always directly and indirectly cause land use changes, which lead to many environmental problems and endanger the life of the planet; Therefore, it is necessary to know the changes and the factors affecting them in order to continue life and reduce land use changes to overcome the problems. The current research is of applied type and in terms of its nature, it has an exploratory approach. In this research, satellite images of 1993-2003-2013-2023 and ENVI, ARCGIS and Google Earth software were used to identify land use changes in 5 land use classes of the city (man-made), barren lands, agricultural lands, garden lands and water lands have been used. The results obtained in the studied area during the last three decades during the years 1993-2023 from 26768 hectares of urban lands in Urmia and outside its boundaries show that urban lands (man-made) have always increased by 3744 hectares, lands Barren land decreased by 2838 hectares, agricultural lands increased by 2204 hectares, garden lands decreased by 5764 hectares, and water lands (river bed) have water seasonally due to the construction of Silvana Dam. Using the fuzzy Delphi method, 6 factors of population, wealth, technological progress, political economy, political structure, attitudes and values (culture) were identified as the main factors of urban land use changes in Urmia, and the first three factors are the main factors.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
ahmad hajarian
Abstract
The urban environment quality approach, as one of the newest paradigms for the revitalization of urban areas, has a tremendous impact on the quality of life and sustainability of its residents, and its combination with creative approaches such as urban branding can lead to growth and excellence. urban ...
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The urban environment quality approach, as one of the newest paradigms for the revitalization of urban areas, has a tremendous impact on the quality of life and sustainability of its residents, and its combination with creative approaches such as urban branding can lead to growth and excellence. urban areas and increasing the competitiveness of the city. Based on this, the aim of the present research is to analyze and evaluate the quality of the urban environment of Isfahan metropolis from the perspective of urban branding, and for this purpose, the urban areas of Isfahan metropolis were selected as a study case. The current research is based on the objective of the applied type and in terms of the method, the descriptive-correlation type and the method of data collection is documentary and field. The statistical sample size includes citizens living in the 15 districts of Isfahan metropolis. The sample size is estimated to be 337 questionnaires based on the population of 3072642 in 2015 and distributed according to the population of each region. In the present study, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the structural equation method were used in the Smart PLS software environment for data analysis. The results obtained from the research show the positive, strong and significant impact of the branding variable on the quality of the urban environment with an impact coefficient of (0.833), which means that with a change of one unit in the factors and indicators of urban branding, the variables The quality of the urban environment also changes in a favorable direction.
Research Paper
GIS&RS
farahnaz Khadem; Kimia Ebrahimi; Nazila Dadash Zadeh
Abstract
In recent decades, the expansion of the population and the speed of the urbanization process have caused many inconsistencies at the level of cities, especially big cities. One of these cases is the excessive increase in the production of urban waste and failure to observe the principles of management ...
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In recent decades, the expansion of the population and the speed of the urbanization process have caused many inconsistencies at the level of cities, especially big cities. One of these cases is the excessive increase in the production of urban waste and failure to observe the principles of management and its proper burial. In such a way that how to deal with this issue in urban plans is one of the main concerns in different urban dimensions, especially the environmental aspect. the main goals in the urban area and in order to achieve sustainable development, as well as strengthening the public health of cities and reducing various environmental pollutions, is to find a suitable place for urban wastes in a completely principled and desirable way, for this purpose, different methods and there is a difference in terms of their treatment and executive operations. the purpose of this research is to find the effective factors on locating, as well as finding a suitable place for burying urban waste in the metropolis of Tabriz and investigating the current situation of the city with the daily production of 1200 tons of waste. The studied method in reaching the set goal is analytical-descriptive and using the hierarchical decision-making model AHP,
the parameters affecting the location of the waste landfill, which include geology, slope of the area, urban land use, distance from the surrounding villages, distance from the river, distance from the roads, geology of the area, in the analytical process and layer production Descriptive and raster are evaluated.
The results show that among the factors affecting the location of the waste landfill in Tabriz city, the geological factor is the most valuable and the important areas based on the spectrum of the final map are dark green and often have pastures and crops.
Research Paper
Climatology
Asadollah Khoorani; Ali Zarei
Abstract
The study aimed to introduce the most effective model for estimating energy consumption through the modeling of residential electrical energy consumption. .Reanalysis climate data from ECMWF spanning the years 2003 to 2022 were acquired, along with the annual electrical energy consumption data of the ...
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The study aimed to introduce the most effective model for estimating energy consumption through the modeling of residential electrical energy consumption. .Reanalysis climate data from ECMWF spanning the years 2003 to 2022 were acquired, along with the annual electrical energy consumption data of the residential sector across Iranian provinces. Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to analyze the relationships between variables, and the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test was utilized to scrutinize trends in these variables. Four regression and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based models, namely Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF), were employed to model electric energy consumption. The performance of these models was assessed using metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2), and Standard Deviation (SD), evaluated through a Taylor diagram. Provinces. In 22 provinces, a positive correlation was observed, whereas in 9 provinces, a negative correlation was identified. Analysis of the temporal changes indicates a consistent increase in minimum and maximum temperatures as well as electrical energy consumption across all provinces. However, it is noteworthy that the UTCI displayed a negative trend in several provinces. The stepwise regression model revealed that in 23 provinces, the sole influential variable is the minimum temperature. Notably, in the provinces of Isfahan, South Khorasan, and Kerman, both minimum temperature and the UTCI were identified as influential variables. Conversely, in Ardabil, Gilan, and Golestan provinces, only the maximum temperature featured in the regression equation. Modeling outcomes underscored the superior performance of the ANN model in comparison to the other three models. The ANN model exhibited the highest correlation coefficient at 0.79, coupled with the RMSE of 360. Following in ranking, the MLR, SVM, and RF models demonstrated progressively lower levels of performance
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mostafa Amirfakhrian; samane bagherzade
Abstract
The purpose of this study is the sociability of public spaces in District 1 of Mashhad, and it seeks to show how the quality of people's presence in these spaces has changed as a result of the spread of Corona. The study is descriptive-analytical and the research variables are based on a conceptual ...
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The purpose of this study is the sociability of public spaces in District 1 of Mashhad, and it seeks to show how the quality of people's presence in these spaces has changed as a result of the spread of Corona. The study is descriptive-analytical and the research variables are based on a conceptual model including 4 components of attendance, security, public health and public space management in the form of 55 variables. The scale of the study also includes all public spaces in Region 1. For this purpose, using Cochran's formula, 356 questionnaires were completed from the attendees in the public space. After entering the Spss software, the collected data were evaluated by inferential tests such as "one-sample t-test", "two-sample independent t-test", "paired" and "correlation test". took By combining information through logical methods, the story of the sociability of public spaces in the format of "4 curtains" was set according to the characteristics of acquired background (education and marriage) and non-acquired background (age and gender) of users. The first act of the story" showed higher stress and unwillingness of participation of men compared to women in public space. The "second curtain" indicated that married people have stronger motivations and desire to interact more with others compared to single people. "The third act of the story" showed the decrease in attendance, unwillingness to work together in the public space, and a feeling of insecurity among literate people compared to people with a lower level of literacy, and the "fourth act" also showed the trend towards virtual space. , confirmed the lack of need for street lighting, reduced presence and understanding of strangers among older people. Additional findings indicate the effective role of public vaccination in improving the sense of presence of residents in the public space after the outbreak of Corona.
Research Paper
Geotourism
Lotfollah Maleki masoumabad; Behrouz Nezafat takle
Abstract
Objective: Geotourism is a special field of tourism that focuses on the exploration of geotourism potentials and geological heritage (geosites). The purpose of the current research is to assess the geotourism and geomorphological potentials of the touristic villages of Khalkhal using Kobalikova, Violet ...
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Objective: Geotourism is a special field of tourism that focuses on the exploration of geotourism potentials and geological heritage (geosites). The purpose of the current research is to assess the geotourism and geomorphological potentials of the touristic villages of Khalkhal using Kobalikova, Violet and Zoros geotourism models. It is located at 37 degrees 7 minutes to 37 degrees 56 minutes north latitude and 48 degrees 1 minutes to 48 degrees 54 minutes east longitude. The current research is descriptive-analytical-applicative.
Methods: to evaluate the studied areas from the Fiolet models, which examines geotourist areas based on four criteria: origin of formation, geographical distribution, tourism, and access status; The Kubalikova model, which emphasizes more on scientific, educational, economic, conservation and additional criteria, and finally the Zoros model, which evaluates the studied areas in three parts of scientific-educational value, conservation values, and usability value, has been used.
Results: Based on the results obtained from the Fiolet model, the village of Kazaj is in favorable management and tourism conditions with scores of 0.68 and 0.65, respectively, in management and tourism rates. Based on the results obtained from the Kubalikova model, the village of Kazaj, with a score of 11.75 out of 18 points, has favorable conditions for the development of the rural tourism industry in the region. Also, according to the results obtained from the Zoros model, the village of Kazaj, with a score of 61.5 out of 100 points, has taken the first place among the studied geotourism villages and has many geotourism and geomorphological capabilities.
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the village of Kazaj is one of the rare villages in the region due to its geomorphological attractions and terraced view, and it has a high potential to attract tourists.