Research Paper
Urban Planning
Eisa Ebrahimzadeh; Ahmad Hosseini; Diman Kashefidoost
Abstract
Fire stations are one of the important centers of relief. Obviously, timely service, required for their appropriate site selection. Piranshahr city with having one fire station is faced to problems such as lack of stations, the lack of proper distribution and lack of appropriate site selection. The aim ...
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Fire stations are one of the important centers of relief. Obviously, timely service, required for their appropriate site selection. Piranshahr city with having one fire station is faced to problems such as lack of stations, the lack of proper distribution and lack of appropriate site selection. The aim of this research is consideration the how distribution of stations and their services and determination of proper site for building the new stations with regard to city need. In this research that done with descriptive – analytical method, the needs information are collected in the way of census of Population and Housing results in 1390, and comprehensive and detailed plans of Piranshahr city and also the magazines and books with regard to subject and for analysis of data is used by software such as AUTO CAD, ARC GIS, , Expert Choice, Super Decisions, and with used by the models of network analysis such as ANP, AHP, TOPSIS model, are offered six stations for areas that were out of the radius of action in the fire station. Because the whole of city, were covered these stations according to the timing standard of fire fighting vehicles at the scene and at the time of earthquake occurrence to reduce the losses were getting the appropriate operation
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Mohammad Akbarpour; Firouz Jafari; Yashar Karimi
Abstract
Address the situation of rural housing is one of the basic programs of rural development in developing countries is most counties, especially. Due to the different nature of housing in rural areas andfunction its purpose, must-have features that are rural housing, housing in many rural areas, however, ...
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Address the situation of rural housing is one of the basic programs of rural development in developing countries is most counties, especially. Due to the different nature of housing in rural areas andfunction its purpose, must-have features that are rural housing, housing in many rural areas, however, the function of climate, vegetation and location are settlements.The purpose of this study was to investigate the rural housing in rural areas of the central part Hashtroud and evaluation criteria for affordable housing is a vision of society.Methodology The survey questionnaire is based on information collected in the questionnaire using SPSS statistical software was used.The research findings indicate that the residents of housing strength and resistance against disaster, not satisfied with the condition of heating and cooling systems and design and landscape standards of housing as well.Other findings indicate that the criteria related to adequate housing, building resistance against disasters and environmental health in the first place, area and size of housing, facades, new architecture and the use of local materials is the next priority.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mohammad reza Pourmohammadi; Somayeh Ahani; Fatemeh Zarei; Kayvan zarei
Abstract
Electronics City will be affected on various land use via electronic shopping, electronic services, electronic communications, e-learning, e-banking, teleporting and electronic entertainment. Tabriz has not been exempting from this category. In this research, by using descriptive - analytic method and ...
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Electronics City will be affected on various land use via electronic shopping, electronic services, electronic communications, e-learning, e-banking, teleporting and electronic entertainment. Tabriz has not been exempting from this category. In this research, by using descriptive - analytic method and AHP model, first the effect of electronics city on each of urban land uses in the areas of Tabriz has evaluated and the significance of each factor is determined. Then, according to this matter that Electronics City in all land uses led to reduce area and only need to increase the space in residential users, the process of research has follow din two scenarios. In the first scenario, it has assumed that all require to land use in the area; it must be protected in their regions area and in the second scenario, providing additional needs to residential users that arising from electronic city has considered outside the city limits. Finally, in each of the regions, priority allocation of conservation areas to different land use has analyzed. The results indicate that the main priorities of allocating space in ten regions of Tabriz, is related to land sports, culture and green space. According to land use development, there is no ability to provide the demands of citizens based on real spaces and need to use of electronic city services and virtual supply is necessary.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Morteza Tavakoli; Shirko Ahmadi; Gharib Fazelniya
Abstract
Different geographic environments, offer different potentials and problems in different fields especially in livelihood activities of their residents, attention to which gains a lot of importance in local and environmental programming. Thus identification and analysis of rural potentials and problems ...
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Different geographic environments, offer different potentials and problems in different fields especially in livelihood activities of their residents, attention to which gains a lot of importance in local and environmental programming. Thus identification and analysis of rural potentials and problems is an important step in the process of planning a sustainable rural development. Thus, in an explanatory and analytical approach. This study aims to assess the livelihood problems for villagers living in of Sardasht township based on its findings. This research was conducted based on documents and library as well as interpretations and field survey with a descriptive approach. The statistical population consists 5722 people from the top 50 households of 8 villages of Sardasht township 386 of which were selected the Morgan tables as a statistical sample by simple random sampling and its data was analyzed by SPSS software. Results show that, supply factors imposed the livelihoods in this villages were affected by environmental conditions including gardening and non-agricultural activities, being in a boundary region has also caused smuggling activities. Also results generally show that significant relationship exists between geographic factors such as land slope, access to educational level, distance from boundary area and different earning source of rural livelihoods all of which generated specific livelihood pattern for the villages in the region. Areas of the border also cause direct and indirect employment (freight transportation and passenger operations, loading, etc) that share a border of more than direct employment of indirect employment.
Research Paper
Climatology
Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl; Shahnaz Rashedi; Mehdi Eslahi
Abstract
Freezing is one of the weather phenomena that almost happen in parts of the east Azerbaijan province such as Maragheh causing significant losses in agriculture, industrial activities, and transportation. The end of this research is studying of distribution and freezing return periods in Maragheh synoptic ...
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Freezing is one of the weather phenomena that almost happen in parts of the east Azerbaijan province such as Maragheh causing significant losses in agriculture, industrial activities, and transportation. The end of this research is studying of distribution and freezing return periods in Maragheh synoptic station during 48 year period (1343-1391) based on the minimum daily temperature. The methods of this study is Gumbel distribution method, three parameter log-logistic method and log-logistic method to analyzing probability of freezing parameters occurrence (starting date, ending date, length of the freezing season, length of the growing season).The Results of the computation of the spring and fall freezing return periods show that the first freezing in the fall starts on 10 Aban and the last freezing end on 17 Farvardin. Also analyzing of the beginning and end freezing trend shows that fall's freezing have an ascending trend , in other words, the dates of the occurring fall freezing goes ahead and spring's freezing have a descending trend. It means that, the dates of spring freezing go back. Therefore, length of the cold season according to the global warming becomes shorter.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Kiumars Habibi; Mohammad Ezzati; Kamal Torabi; Bakhtiar Ezzat Panah
Abstract
Considering high construction and population density, unstable structures, narrow streets, and high rate of inclusion in cities, it is necessary to plan and carry out researches to minimize vulnerabilities caused by natural events. To accomplish this, one of the important efforts can be identifying effective ...
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Considering high construction and population density, unstable structures, narrow streets, and high rate of inclusion in cities, it is necessary to plan and carry out researches to minimize vulnerabilities caused by natural events. To accomplish this, one of the important efforts can be identifying effective factors in reducing vulnerabilities of cities against earthquake. Recognizing and investigating the vulnerability of urban areas, particularly within the context of the old fabrics and informal settlements, is of great importance. By specifying vulnerable areas against earthquakes, with an awareness of the damage they may suffer, cities can be planned and designed in a way that the least damage during an earthquake is received. In this paper, by picking several indicators such as land use, street width, number of floors, rate of inclusion, population density, fabric segmentation, occupied space, floor-area ratio of buildings, built quality, structure type, building age, access to open spaces and distance to the main seismic belt and by employing the MIHWP model along with the capabilities of the Arc GIS software and by multiplying and overlaying the data layers of indexed indicators, the seismic vulnerability of the region 10 of Tabriz has been represented. The results conclude that the buildings with low width streets, high number of floors and high value of enclosure, less lot areas, high occupied space and building and population density, low built quality, unstable structures, old buildings, more distance to open space and proximity to major seismic belts, have been rated as high vulnerable areas. Within the region, moving from the North West to the center and North East, vulnerability considerably increases
Research Paper
Geomorphology
Somayeh Khaleghi; Shahram Roostayee; Ali Mohammad Khorshiddoost; Mohammad Hossein Rezaee Moghaddam; Mhammad ali Ghorbani
Abstract
Catchments and river systems altered in response to changes of internal and external factors. Hence, several techniques have been proposed to simulate these changes and Evolution of the river systems. Cellular Automaton is one of the newest river cellular models that define the catchment landscape with ...
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Catchments and river systems altered in response to changes of internal and external factors. Hence, several techniques have been proposed to simulate these changes and Evolution of the river systems. Cellular Automaton is one of the newest river cellular models that define the catchment landscape with a grid of cells, and development of this landscape is determined by the interactions between cells (for example fluxes of water and sediment) using rules based on simplifications of the governing physics.This method is used for simulation of Lighvan catchment with 20 m cell size and 10 years precipitation data (1380 to 89). Simulation results evaluated in two qualitative and quantitative methods, So that the relative changes in the catchment and spatial distribution of erosion and aggradation value in the entire catchment and each cell was identified on Digital Elevation Model map and also, values of different particle size distribution in different discharges showed that with the increasing discharge, and amounts of sediment increased and among this coarse sand have the highest value and very fine sand, clay and silt particles have the lowest value. Also investigation of longitudinal and latitude profile show that Lighvan river is in mature stage and Lighvan channel has been underwent aggradation due to climate changes and increasing catchment precipitation in last decade that causes hillslope erosion and channel aggradation. Finally, Since certainty of Cellular Automata results is difficult and CAESAR is sensitive to input parameters but comparing the results with previous investigation and field observation shows that Cellular Automata has acceptable results.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mir Sattar Sadr Mousavi; Rasul Yazdani Chaharborj*
Abstract
The rapid urban growth of recent decades in Iran has resulted in extensive changes in urban fringe land-use patterns.It has also had considerable environmental and socio-economic impacts on these areas.Assessing changes of the past land-use patterns and simulation of their future changes are of vital ...
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The rapid urban growth of recent decades in Iran has resulted in extensive changes in urban fringe land-use patterns.It has also had considerable environmental and socio-economic impacts on these areas.Assessing changes of the past land-use patterns and simulation of their future changes are of vital importance inpolicy making and planning processes. Combination of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) may producea suitable tool for gathering and analyzingdata regarding land use changes. This articleuses the CA-Markov model to assess and simulate changes in land use patterns in Miandoab city.In the first stage, by using the multi-temporal satellite imagery for the years 1984, 1997 and 2010, the urban and urban fringe cover/land-use maps was created and changes was evaluated. Results indicate thatin the period of 27 years, urban and urban fringe land area increased to 1013 hectares and farm land-use area decreased to 1114 hectares. Then, by using Markov model, matrix of transition area of land-uses for the period of 1984-2010was calculated. In the next stage, the suitability maps of land-uses by using of mulicriteria evaluation methods were created. Finally, for forecasting the future changes of land-uses until the 2025 year, we used the CA-Markov model. Simulation results, indicatethat thedecline trend in farm lands and the trend increase in urban lands will continue. Therefore, if the current trend of changes continues without a sustainable development policy, it will have to a serious downfall in environmental and socio– economic conditions.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mohammad Taleai; Meysam Aghamohammadi; Mohammad Karimi; Ghasem Javadi
Abstract
Rapid, irregular and unbalanced growth of the world population during past years, particularly in developing countries, have been caused many problems in the areas of environmental, economic, social and cultural for urban planners. These situations request new methods and tools to model and predict urban ...
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Rapid, irregular and unbalanced growth of the world population during past years, particularly in developing countries, have been caused many problems in the areas of environmental, economic, social and cultural for urban planners. These situations request new methods and tools to model and predict urban future changes. Due to simple and dynamic structure and utilizing spatial characteristics, Cellular Automation (CA) model widely uses in spatial-temporal modeling problems such as urban extension. This paper develops a Fuzzy-CA method to model urban extension. In conventional CA method, state and position of pixels and transition rules are defined certainly. The definitive expression of components of the complex processes needs a large amount of data. However in most cases accurate data are not available. As a result, integration of CA method and fuzzy theory would be useful to model urban extension. In this paper a Fuzzy-CA method is developed and tested in Shiraz city between the years 2004 to 2009. The results of the proposed method show 80% accuracy in comparison to real data have been captured from satellite images. However, an accuracy of 75% has been reported for this case study with utilizing conventional cellular automation.
Research Paper
Climatology
Hosein Asakereh; Mehdi Doostkamian
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to climate regionalization precipitation water atmospheric Iran. Therefore, the pressure data and specific humidity of the NCEP / NCAR database during 1950-2010 dependent of the United States National Atmospheric and oceanographic organization was extracted and analyzed. ...
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The purpose of this study was to climate regionalization precipitation water atmospheric Iran. Therefore, the pressure data and specific humidity of the NCEP / NCAR database during 1950-2010 dependent of the United States National Atmospheric and oceanographic organization was extracted and analyzed. For the calculation used software programming environment of Matlab and Grads software and Surfer software used to perform graphics operations. In the study for the perceptible water climate regionalization use from cluster analysis and in order evaluate the results, used of discriminant analysis. In the data archive mean and Coefficient of Variation precipitation water month review and analysis the method cluster analysis ward composition, than dendrogram graph recognized three regionalization climates: a) climate regionalization whit high precipitation water, b) climate regionalization whit median precipitation water. b) Climate regionalization whit low precipitation water. The result archives from discriminant analysis indict that 98.24% from of pixels doing so as true in relative group.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Mehdi Gharkhgloo; Amir Sharifi; Ayub Sardari
Abstract
City councils always played a major role in improve the quality of citizen life. This study which evaluated the performance of Sardasht city Council has been done with descriptive-analytical and according to survey and library data. Proven method assumptions in this study citing on data from the questionnaires ...
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City councils always played a major role in improve the quality of citizen life. This study which evaluated the performance of Sardasht city Council has been done with descriptive-analytical and according to survey and library data. Proven method assumptions in this study citing on data from the questionnaires have been analyzed. Statistical population includes two groups. First was in urban experts and second was the citizen of the Sardasht city. For determining the sample size for the group of residents Cochran's formula was used. Which sample size was 384 that was completed by random and stratified distributed. But for sample of experts we used snowball method which the number of experts samples in this study reached 15 cases. KS test was used in analyzing the data in order to determine the normal distribution of scores and use one-sample T-test and Binominal test to evaluate the performance of the city Council Sardasht and Also Mann–Whitney U test and independent T to compare the views of citizens group and experts group. The results of this study indicated that economic performance of the city council of Sardasht was not good. Of course the social function was better than economic performance and is investigated beyond acceptable medium. However, the best performing of city council of Sardasht is cultural performance that this value is 3/89.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Hosein Kouhestani
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measurement of villagers’ satisfaction from Dehyari performance and the influential factors on it. The statistical population of the study was heads of rural household in central district of Hamedan county. This sample included 268 of heads of rural household that ...
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The purpose of this study was to measurement of villagers’ satisfaction from Dehyari performance and the influential factors on it. The statistical population of the study was heads of rural household in central district of Hamedan county. This sample included 268 of heads of rural household that were calculated by the Cochran formula and the data was chosen through the random stratified sampling. In this research, the important tool for data gathering was a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by specialists and its reliability was computed using Cronbachs Alpha coefficient (0.83(. Results indicated the villagers’ satisfaction of Dehyari performance was moderate. The results of Mann-Whitney tests indicate that there is a significant difference between the villagers’ satisfaction who permanently reside in the village and those who temporarily reside in the village. Also, there is significant differences between the villagers’ satisfaction who cooperate with Dehyari and who have never cooperate with Dehyari. The result of regression analysis revealed that the variables Dehyari relationship with villagers, age of household heads, and attention to the views of villagers and the awareness of villagers from Dehyari responsibilities in a total are predicted of about 67 percent of the dependent variables (villagers’ satisfaction of rural management unit performance).
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Rahmat Mohammadzadeh; Hossein Fallahnejad
Abstract
Despite the tremendous developments in transportation and traffic systems, walking is still considered to be the main and the most common and important pattern of movement among communities; as far as concerned, nowadays many different patterns and models like Traffic Isolation, pedestrian movement and ...
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Despite the tremendous developments in transportation and traffic systems, walking is still considered to be the main and the most common and important pattern of movement among communities; as far as concerned, nowadays many different patterns and models like Traffic Isolation, pedestrian movement and downtown enclosed shopping center, pedestrian-oriented streets, pedestrian shopping center, shopping streets, Woonref, Pedestrian malls and traffic architectural, traffic slowing policies, green pedestrian and flyovers have been presented for its development. Since Scientific and practical explanation of models and pattern also their advantages and disadvantages can contribute to the urban pedestrian expansion; this article is an attempt to study the pedestrian network development patterns and feasibility of their expansion in the central district of Tabriz city. This review becomes even more important because besides the allocation of the central district of Tabriz to a considerable population and placement of important spaces like Bazaar and historical building like “the Alishah” citadel, “The Blue Mosque”, “The Mashrute house”, “Jame mosque” and residential complexes, it faces adverse environmental pollutants, car accidents and traffic jams. This part of the city could be considered as the heart of the city in every social, economic, cultural and skeletal aspect. In terms of climate, Tabriz city is categorized in Cold Mediterranean group with very cold winters and hot summers. Absolute maximum and minimum temperatures in the coldest month of year are 15 and -19 degrees Celsius. This research has a descriptive- analytic framework. The theoretical part, includes the documents and authoritative resources in addition to some scientific reports. Given the fact that this research is studying the old part of the city of Tabriz, by the means of criteria fulfillment, every patterns and models were examined. Sample of the study is consisted of 20 urban and traffic experts. In this study after presenting enough explanation of the survey’s purpose and determining how a weak pedestrian pattern is scored 1 and a strong one is labeled 4, questionnaires have been hand out and later collected then descriptive analysis was performed at the end. Moreover, user’s direct interacts and photography are other means of conducting this research. It is to be considered that among all the pedestrian movement patterns; streets with pedestrian priority, pedestrian-oriented streets, traffic slowing policies and the expansion of pedestrians itself have shown the most compatibility to the mentioned context. Therefore it is recommended to use the Pedestrian-oriented street design principles in the urban planning on the scale of city’s centrals. Which will result in the possibility of development of historical spaces, Revitalization of destructed spaces, Improvements in the environmental quality of urban spaces and finally a healthier city.
Research Paper
Urban Planning
Abolfazl Meshkini; Mehdi Pourtaheri; Mostafa Norozi
Abstract
The concepts of quality of life and the quality of the environment is the action against the single dimension economic development at national level and physical development of urban scale. It merely is an effort to achieve quality standards in the urban board. Meanwhile the issue of quality in special ...
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The concepts of quality of life and the quality of the environment is the action against the single dimension economic development at national level and physical development of urban scale. It merely is an effort to achieve quality standards in the urban board. Meanwhile the issue of quality in special residential areas such as deteriorated textures, due to the their large population and building density and their lack of organic relation with urban structure, has more importance and complicacy in comparison with other residential areas. Accordingly, trying to understand the concept of the quality of environment, indicators and affecting criteria on the amount of quality of these textures are identified. Indicators used in this research by looking at the subjective quality of the urban environment are the product of individual perception and satisfaction of citizens from their environment life. The study area is located in Abkouh in the Mashhad Metropolis region 1 Having the fact, this research is practical and its methodology is based on descriptive and analytical research method. For the measurement of the amount of environmental quality indicators of satisfaction, T test, to determine the significant relationship between individual variables and environmental quality indicators-Chi-square test and to determine the intensity and direction of the correlation between them Kendall Tau and Kramer test were used in the SPSS software. The results of research show that the rate of satisfaction of environmental quality indicators in the study area is on the lower level. It also was clear that the satisfaction of quality of environment has been taken the greatest impact of three variables including٫ education level and duration of residence in Abkouh
Research Paper
Climatology
Ataollah Nadiri; Keyvan Naderi; Asghar Asghari Moghaddam; Mohammad Hasan Habibi
Abstract
No permanent surface water resources in many parts of the country resulted in overdraft of limited underground water resources. Duzduzan plain is one of the UromiaLake sub basins. In this area, indiscriminate harvesting of groundwater resources has caused an average decline of 76 centimeters per year. ...
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No permanent surface water resources in many parts of the country resulted in overdraft of limited underground water resources. Duzduzan plain is one of the UromiaLake sub basins. In this area, indiscriminate harvesting of groundwater resources has caused an average decline of 76 centimeters per year. The purpose of this research is Groundwater level spatiotemporal predicting using Artificial intelligence models and Geostatistics model. To predict the groundwater level in the duzduzan plain, initially the piezometera in the plain were classified. The groundwater level in each piezometers category were introduced as output for each of AI models and input of these models include a evaporation and a precipitation and grounwater level of the considered piezometers with one time delay (t0-1), respectively. Ann's model and Sugeno fuzzy (SF) model applied to predict groundwater level. The resulted values of Groundwater level were evaluated by statistical measures, includes root mean square error and correlation coefficient. The obtained results showed ANNs model has better performance. Then the result of ANNs model, including two year monthly groundwater level prediction data in selected piezometers, were used as inputs of geostatistics model (Kriging and Co Kriging) for predating spatially ground water level in the study area. Obtained results showed Co Kriging model has better performance.
Research Paper
Rural Planning
Seyd Hedayatolah Nori; Davood Jamini*; Alireza Jamshidi
Abstract
The aim of the current study is, which uses a descriptive-analytical tool, is to investigate the factors hindering the usage of sprinkler Irrigation systems among farmers in Ravansar and propose practical ways to reinforce these systems. The sample included those farmers who used sprinkler Irrigation ...
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The aim of the current study is, which uses a descriptive-analytical tool, is to investigate the factors hindering the usage of sprinkler Irrigation systems among farmers in Ravansar and propose practical ways to reinforce these systems. The sample included those farmers who used sprinkler Irrigation in Ravansar (N = 190). Factor analysis was performed for analyzing the collected data. The results indicated that use of these systems among farmers in Ravansar is more due to the physical issues rather those theoretical issues. Physical variables of performance system issues (26/612), the agricultural characteristics (22/868), behavioral issues (19/997), and environmental factors (16/492) were found to account for the 82/969 percent of the variance. Additionally, theoretician factors of performance system issues (31/874), personal (19/980), technical (15/236), and technical incongruence (7/921) accounted for 72/711 percent of the shared variance. The findings also indicated that providing financial (bank) facilities in form of loans was the best way to implement these sprinklers Irrigation systems. Most of the participants (77/9 %) found the practical solutions proposed by this study to be satisfactory.
Research Paper
All other Geographic fields of studies , Interdisciplinary
