Geotourism
Mehdi Karami Dehkordi; Ghasem Layani
Abstract
The sampling method in the current research was purposeful, and using the snowball technique, 18 people were identified as experts in the field of ecotourism. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used (based on the conceptual framework of the research and the 5 subsections mentioned ...
Read More
The sampling method in the current research was purposeful, and using the snowball technique, 18 people were identified as experts in the field of ecotourism. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used (based on the conceptual framework of the research and the 5 subsections mentioned about service quality) and SPSS, Expert Choice and GIS software were used for data analysis. The results of the Delphi section, which was conducted for the consensus of experts, indicated that the acceptance of tourism business owners in responding quickly to customer requests, providing prescribed services at the promised time, the necessary knowledge and awareness of employees to answer customer questions, paying attention to words The customer and establishing sincere communication and using the right equipment in providing services can be the most important priorities for providing high-quality services, also the findings showed that the cities of "Shahrkord, Ben and Saman" and "Borujen" respectively with weighted values of 0.336 and 0.274 The first and second priority ranks are in this field, and then Farsan, Kiar, Ardel, Kohrang, Khanmirza and Lordegan cities have been ranked; Finally, the results related to the interpolation section showed that the villages located in the east and northeast of the province have more talent in this field, and this share is less in the central and western areas of the province.
Geotourism
Taher parizadi; omid saeidi; Masomeh Razavi; mohammad hajian
Abstract
Tourism is a vital industry that has a significant impact on the economic development of many cities and countries around the world. Small-scale cities can also benefit from tourism by generating income, creating job opportunities and promoting cultural exchange. Despite having many tourist attractions, ...
Read More
Tourism is a vital industry that has a significant impact on the economic development of many cities and countries around the world. Small-scale cities can also benefit from tourism by generating income, creating job opportunities and promoting cultural exchange. Despite having many tourist attractions, Izeh has not yet fully utilized its capacities for tourism development. The tourism industry of this city is relatively undeveloped and has not received much attention from the government or the private sector. The current research is applied in terms of nature based on the new methods of futurology, analytical and exploratory science, which was carried out by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. The methods of data collection in this research are documentary-library and field. The statistical population of the research is 60 executive and academic experts of Izeh, who were selected using the Delphi technique and sampled by the snowball sampling method. MARCOS model was used to rank the variables in the four dimensions of tourism in Izeh. Based on the results obtained from 43 variables, investment, infrastructure, income, and employment factors have the greatest impact on the economic development of Izeh city. The degree of influence and influence of the variables, 11 influential variables, 16 variables are in the risk spectrum, 7 variables are in the influence spectrum and the rest of the variables have a low influence and influence degree. Finally, based on the effects of the variables, the direct and indirect relationships of the variables are categorized into 5 spectrums. Also, the ranking of each of the 43 research factors in the four dimensions of religious, natural, historical and cultural tourism in Izeh are different.
Geotourism
Hossain Hamedpour Darabi; Marzieh Rezaei; Mohammad Akbarian
Abstract
Population increase, urban sprawl and marginalization, demands entertainment, sightseeing, and the use of recreation spaces around cities. Afforestation canopy within the vicinity, in addition to the environmental benefits, can also meet part of the city dweller’s recreation needs. Therefore, the ...
Read More
Population increase, urban sprawl and marginalization, demands entertainment, sightseeing, and the use of recreation spaces around cities. Afforestation canopy within the vicinity, in addition to the environmental benefits, can also meet part of the city dweller’s recreation needs. Therefore, the present study tries to identify the criteria and indicators for the designing of forest landscapes in the Southern Iran’s Sahara-Sindhi habitat and introduce them for ecotourism use. This research is based on reviewing previous research, questionnaires and using the Delphi method. Said questionnaires contain the following criteria: ecology, economics, social and infrastructure, that was compiled by the researchers and presented to a group of 15 respondents. Ecology’s criteria, with four sub-criteria and 25 indicators; Economics criteria, with two sub-criteria and 10 indicators; Social’s criterion with two sub-criteria and nine indicators and Infrastructure criterion with two sub-criteria and 27 indicators. Applying opinions from our panel of experts and calculating average scores, four criteria, 9 sub-criteria and 62 indicators were identified as " ecotourism-based afforestation designing for Southern Iran’s Sahara-Sindhi habitat". The results show that social, economic, ecological and infrastructural criteria are prioritized with scores of 35.1,35.0, 33.1 and 30.1, respectively. Based on the slight difference in social and economic criteria, it can be said that in designing such ecotourism destinations, local awareness, well-being, income, livelihood of local communities, efficiency of ecotourism and investment in the region are the most important aspects and should be prioritized, considering that the represented criteria all have very little difference in scores. Therefore, we could announce that all mentioned criteria are important and according to the respondents, they should be taken into consideration for afforestation designing.
Geotourism
Maryam Bayati Khatibi
Abstract
Tabriz city in East Azarbaijan province also has a high potential in terms of having natural attractions and suitable climatic conditions. In this research, in order to evaluate the suitability of a suitable ecotourism location using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and using the method (OWa) and ...
Read More
Tabriz city in East Azarbaijan province also has a high potential in terms of having natural attractions and suitable climatic conditions. In this research, in order to evaluate the suitability of a suitable ecotourism location using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and using the method (OWa) and Geographical Information System (GIS) were first examined according to the situation of the study area and the opinions of nature tourism experts and the evaluation of effective options in evaluating the spatial suitability of ecotourism development and all the options were converted into information layers and finally Using the AHP FUZZY technique with the OWA method in the GIS environment with the combination of 16 layers of information, the spatial compatibility map of the ecotourism development of the study area was prepared. Based on the results obtained from the spatial suitability map of ecotourism development in the study area, 52493.8 hectares or in other words 23.48% of the area is at a very favorable level, 50017.8 hectares or 22.38% of the study area is favorable and 1 51709/ or in other words 23/13 is at the average level. Also, the results of this research showed that the most unsuitable areas for the development of ecotourism include 24659.3 or in other words 11.03% of the entire area. The central region of Tabriz has a high potential for ecotourism. This area is in a very favorable condition in terms of research criteria. Thus, in terms of the most important criteria, i.e. distance from natural landscapes, distance from historical, religious and ancient attractions, and distance from facilities and services, due to its proximity to neighboring cities, including Tabriz itself, as the capital of the province, it has a good status compared to other parts of Tabriz city.
Geotourism
Abolfazl Ghanbari; Taha Imanzadeh; khatereh Abdi
Abstract
Tourism in the New World has been considered by decision makers as an important industry in the economic development of countries. In order to achieve this and its expansion, the issue of security is undoubtedly one of the important parameters that researchers have paid special attention to; Therefore, ...
Read More
Tourism in the New World has been considered by decision makers as an important industry in the economic development of countries. In order to achieve this and its expansion, the issue of security is undoubtedly one of the important parameters that researchers have paid special attention to; Therefore, in the present study, the role of security in the development of foreign tourism will be investigated. The results of research studies indicate that different types of security, including financial, social security, etc., as well as how to present the image of Iran and advertising, affect the development of foreign tourism in Iran. For this reason, recognizing the role of security in the experience of tourism and marketing of government officials in order to create more security and promote it, is very important. In this study, to investigate the role of security in the development of foreign tourism, a researcher-made questionnaire with 25 indicators and a Likert scale was prepared and distributed among foreign tourists in the city of Tabriz. 70 questionnaires were completed in three weeks, of which 65 were suitable for use; The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and analyzed by structural equation modeling with least squares approach (PLS-SEM). The model variables of the role of security in the development of foreign tourism were extracted from the summary of previous studies. The results show that the factor of political security with a path coefficient of 0.327 has the greatest impact on the factors of development of foreign tourism.
Geotourism
Hossein Azizi; Mohammad Reza Rezaei; Hassan Oroji
Abstract
Tourism becomes the largest and most diverse industry in the world, which, as the main source of income and work, plays an important role in the economic growth of the countries of the world. Accidents and crises play the role of inhibiting the development of the industry. Epidemics are distinguished ...
Read More
Tourism becomes the largest and most diverse industry in the world, which, as the main source of income and work, plays an important role in the economic growth of the countries of the world. Accidents and crises play the role of inhibiting the development of the industry. Epidemics are distinguished from other crises by the fact that they usually leave the local government. Resilience strategy for quick recovery of destinations affected by the crisis has been introduced. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research with the aim of investigating the role of resilience in the epidemic crisis in tourist cities. The present research method is analytical-descriptive in nature and it is a survey type by completing a questionnaire. At first, the path analysis model was used to determine the factors on the tourism resilience of the studied city (Shiraz) during the epidemic crisis. Therefore, according to the number of research criteria, the multiple regression test was implemented, which was directly considered first. The combination of resilience is determined as an independent variable on Shiraz as dependent changes. It is considered indirect in the next steps. In the stages of direct research, all research indicators have a significant effect on the dependent variable and there is a significant linear relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The most direct effect is related to the social-cultural index and the most indirect effect is related to the economic index. In total, the social-cultural index has the highest correlation coefficient among the resilience indices, which indicates the most influential index on the epidemic crisis in Shiraz tourism. The economic index is on the second level. Finally, infrastructure and institutional-organizational indicators are placed in the next ranks with small distances.
Geotourism
Ziba Kodkhodaei; Hamid-Reza Rakhshaninasab; mojtaba Soleimani Damaneh
Abstract
The sampling method is simple random, and the sample size was 383 people using Morgan's table. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by the professors (Teaching Department of Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchistan) and its reliability with Cronbach's ...
Read More
The sampling method is simple random, and the sample size was 383 people using Morgan's table. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by the professors (Teaching Department of Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchistan) and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha test at the level of 0.852. In order to analyze and test the hypotheses, inferential statistics methods including Smirnov-Kolmogrov test, sample t-test, Friedman and structural equations have been used. The findings of the research show that information technology and its components, such as the development of information technology infrastructure, electronic marketing and electronic commerce, have an effect on the development of nature tourism in Konark. In such a way that the criterion of virtual tourism was ranked first with an average of 4.50 and the criterion of telecommunication platform was ranked last with an average of 2.45. Thus, the innovation of the research is that for the first time, this research examines the comprehensive role and all aspects of information and communication technology in the development of nature tourism in the coastal areas of southern Iran, including the city of Kanarak, while Most of the researches have paid attention to electronic tourism and other aspects of tourism, including health and sports. In general, some platforms and suitable infrastructure, such as amplifier towers, telephone and Internet, and on the other hand, the lack of attention to the local handicrafts industry of the city has been neglected, which is to pay attention to the strengthening of fixed and mobile telephone lines and coverage. Proper internet, implementation of city and provincial television programs to introduce the tourist attractions of Konark city will be realized by the city administration, including the governor and municipality.
Geotourism
mehdi mododi arkhudi; sajad ferdowsi; Narges Rahimi Taghanaki
Abstract
Agricultural tourism is considered one of the strategies for the development of rural areas. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism. The current research is of an applied type in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical ...
Read More
Agricultural tourism is considered one of the strategies for the development of rural areas. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism. The current research is of an applied type in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. Data collection has been done through the field method and a structured questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes rural tourists in the study area. Meanwhile, sampling has been done by the simple random method. Also, according to Cochran's method, the number of the statistical sample is equal to 148 people. In order to ensure the validity of the research questionnaire, content validity, factor loading coefficient, combined reliability, and also Cronbach's alpha method were used to check reliability. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software and the structural equation modeling technique in Smartpls software. The results indicate that despite the high importance of socio-cultural, economic, facilities and services, environmental, and institutional components in the rural areas of Saman county, the quality of the mentioned factors was lower than average. Meanwhile, the institutional component has more unfavorable conditions than other components, which is caused by the existence of serious weaknesses in factors such as incentive plans, government participation and support, support systems, laws, and regulations, specifically in the field of agricultural tourism. Therefore, according to the factors affecting the development of agricultural tourism in rural areas, necessary measures to improve the situation of this type of tourism should be put on the agenda of the authorities.
Geotourism
Parya Tofighi Sardroudi Asl; Fariba Karami; Abolfazl Ghanbari
Abstract
The development of tourism-related apps and websites, the founding of startups in the information technology and tourism industries, the virtual tourism system in cities, and the use of smart tools have all gained prominence in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the ...
Read More
The development of tourism-related apps and websites, the founding of startups in the information technology and tourism industries, the virtual tourism system in cities, and the use of smart tools have all gained prominence in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of using smart phones in tourism in the formation of destination images and travel experiences from the perspective of citizens of Tabriz metropolis. The statistical population is the citizens of Tabriz who use smart phones, and the sample size according to Cochran's formula for the unknown statistical population is 384 people. For data analysis, structural equation and path analysis methods have been implemented with Smart PLS software. The results showed that the use of smart phones in travel has a positive effect on the travel experience of citizens of Tabriz metropolis; the use of smart phones in travel has a positive effect on the destination image of the citizens of Tabriz metropolis; and the use of smart phones in travel with the mediating role of travel experience has a positive effect on the destination image of the citizens of Tabriz metropolis. The results of the present study are useful for managers and policymakers who intend to attract tourists to tourism destinations in the age of information and communication technology using smart phones, continue the life of tourism destinations in the field of global competition, and provide tourist areas.
Geotourism
Javad madani
Abstract
The outbreak of the corona virus was a widespread crisis that affected all geographical areas. Many countries implemented various measures and strategies, one of the most successful and up-to-date being green zoning. Green zoning is one of the zoning methods in different geographical areas that is dynamic ...
Read More
The outbreak of the corona virus was a widespread crisis that affected all geographical areas. Many countries implemented various measures and strategies, one of the most successful and up-to-date being green zoning. Green zoning is one of the zoning methods in different geographical areas that is dynamic and temporary and by implementing different mechanisms and strategies, minimizes the problems and challenges caused by the corona epidemic. The main purpose of this study is to present a green zoning approach to deal with the challenges of the Corona epidemic in the health tourism areas of spa cities. The approach used in research, is a sequential exploratory approach that uses the qualitative method of thematic analysis in the first phase and the quantitative survey method in the second phase. The main tool used in the qualitative phase is a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative phase is a questionnaire, which was extracted from 11 experts in the qualitative phase and 23 in the quantitative phase, respectively, relevant information and data. According to the research findings, in the qualitative phase of the semi-structured interviews, 67 indicators were identified, from which 22 basic themes, 8 organizing themes and 3 global themes were extracted. In the quantitative phase, the weight and importance of the studied indicators were studied and analyzed using Shannon entropy and fuzzy TOPSIS techniques. From the results of the present study, we can identify the dimensions and indigenous components of this type of zoning, which were obtained using the opinions of experts and scientific methods. Also, pointed to the situation of the cities at the foot of Sabalan Mountain, which in terms of the obtained indicators, the city of Sarein is in a favorable or good range and according to the components of green zoning, can work to provide health tourism services.
Geotourism
Majid Dadash Pour Mogaddam; Hassan Ahmadzadeh; Reza Valizadeh
Abstract
IntroductionInterest in urban tourism since the early 1980s has greatly changed the trend and methods of tourism (Cianga & Popescu, 2013: 34). Thus, achieving sustainable urban development has always been one of the most important concerns of urban planners. Cities, as a collection of components, ...
Read More
IntroductionInterest in urban tourism since the early 1980s has greatly changed the trend and methods of tourism (Cianga & Popescu, 2013: 34). Thus, achieving sustainable urban development has always been one of the most important concerns of urban planners. Cities, as a collection of components, spaces, cycles and governing laws, regardless of their current relationships, as the most attractive tourist places, can provide various manifestations of beauty, services and peace for local residents and visitors. Therefore, achieving sustainable urban development has always been one of the most important concerns of urban planners. Therefore, one of the most effective processes of sustainable urban development is tourism, which can become the most important economic poles of cities. However, in the last two years, the corona virus epidemic has directly affected cities and its developments. The present study evaluates the tourism potential of Tabriz metropolis for the development of this industry with a branding approach for the post-epidemic period of Covid-19 with a macro and comprehensive management perspective based on spatial information system, reference location factors and spatial analysis.Data and MethodThe research process is based on data, GIS and hybrid modelling approach. First, 18 social, environmental, meteorological and physical factors affecting the potential of urban tourism were selected and the data became a place from a non-spatial dimension. Data localization process was done in ArcGIS 10.5 software and 18 raster factors were produced. After that, Pearson's correlation was used to ensure the absence of a linear relationship between the factors and the independent effect of each of them. Then, based on the impact of each of the factors, their standardization was done using the increasing and decreasing method in a binary way.Results and DiscussionIn the present study, all linear correlations are less than 0.7 and all factors will have a unique impact on the modelling output. Also, the density factors of single citizens (0.154), population density (0.153), density of married citizens (0.151) and density of employees (0.135) are of the highest importance and are key factors affecting the development of urban tourism, respectively. Although social factors have a higher impact, all factors have weights higher than 0 and a significant impact. The output maps of the two models used in this study indicate the high potential of tourism in areas 2, 3, 6 and 7.ConclusionHigh-risk areas with high impact of the epidemic have a higher potential for tourism. Using the branding approach, an exciting and attractive atmosphere can be created to attract domestic and foreign tourists.
Geotourism
mashood Safari Aliakbari; hojatollah sadeghi
Abstract
Introduction Tourism, as a dynamic industry in the regional and territorial economy, can manage many social and economic challenges. In this regard, recognizing the obstacles ahead in the first stage and then presenting effective strategies in the second stage, can help the development of tourism in ...
Read More
Introduction Tourism, as a dynamic industry in the regional and territorial economy, can manage many social and economic challenges. In this regard, recognizing the obstacles ahead in the first stage and then presenting effective strategies in the second stage, can help the development of tourism in each region; Because each region, regardless of major tourism issues, has its own obstacles and strategies. Dezpart county was separated from the Izeh county in 1400 and is known as a separate political area. Therefore, on the one hand, considering that this city has recently become administratively independent and planning for its development by managers and officials is very important and vital, and on the other hand, one of the programmable capacities for its development is tourism. Obstacles and strategies for the development of this industry can not only provide a proper knowledge to the authorities, but also can identify important obstacles and strategies for the development of tourism in the Despart region for optimal and sustainable planning. The purpose of this study is to identify obstacles to tourism development in the Dezpart County and then provide effective strategies to address these obstaclesData and MethodDue to its descriptive-analytical nature, the research method is in-depth and applied in terms of purpose. It is also quantitative-survey based on method. The statistical population of the study is the population of Despart region in 2016 equal to 19,351 people. Based on the calculation of Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated to be 377 people. There are 84 villages and one urban point in this area, and it was not possible to conduct interrogation operations in all of them. Based on this, the city center (Dehdez city) and rural areas over 400 people in this study were selected for questioning, the number of which was 7 villages. Therefore, Dehdez city and the villages of Shivand, Faleh, Kalimalek, Mallah, Chaman, Deh Kian and Mozarm were selected in this study. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the elite community and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.74. SPSS software was used for data analysis.Results and discussionThe result of one-sample t-test at the level of indicators shows that all four indicators of environmental barriers, managerial barriers, socio-economic obstacles and infrastructure barriers are significant at the level of less than 0.05. In other words, the study of the results at the level of indicators shows that in order to develop tourism in the region, managerial, environmental, infrastructural and socio-economic obstacles play an important role. The study of the difference between the average of environmental index (0.111), socio-economic index (0.160), management index (0.965) and infrastructure index (1.012) also confirms this in all four dimensions in the field of tourism development. They have a great impact and action should be taken to remove these obstacles.The strength of effective obstacles (environmental, socio-economic, infrastructure and management) in the development of tourism in the region is not the same. Environmental barriers with a rate equal to 0.113 units predict the tourism development variable, which means predicting 11% of the changes in this variable. Also, managerial obstacles with a rate of 0.176 units, means a forecast of 17% of changes in tourism development. In other words, managerial barriers to the development of tourism in the region are 17% effective. Infrastructural obstacles with an amount of 0.231 units, ie 23% of the explanation has also been effective. Socio-economic barriers can also explain more than 13% of tourism development variables. Conclusion The analysis showed that environmental, socio-cultural, managerial and infrastructural obstacles have a great impact on the development of tourism in the Dezpart region. These obstacles are 65% effective, with infrastructure barriers with a coefficient of 0.231 having the most impact and environmental barriers with a coefficient of 0.113 having the least impact on tourism development in the region. In order to remove obstacles, six strategies of cultural planning, integrated management, improving services and facilities, capacity measurement and product supply, development-infrastructure development and improving tourism knowledge were presented.According to the results and strategies of tourism development in the region, it can be suggested that cultural planning, management reform, increasing knowledge and awareness of the local community about tourism and its effects, improving tourism technology, developing access and development of the region and finally improving Tourism services in the Dezpart region should be considered.
Geotourism
Masoomeh Mahdian Bahnamiry; M. Taghvaei
Abstract
Introduction Today, due to the historical processes, interests, education and needs of society, the fields of tourism have also changed. The fact is that many countries in their new tourism planning, creativity has become a strategy in the construction of places, so it is important knowing the importance ...
Read More
Introduction Today, due to the historical processes, interests, education and needs of society, the fields of tourism have also changed. The fact is that many countries in their new tourism planning, creativity has become a strategy in the construction of places, so it is important knowing the importance of the fact that development based on creativity and creative tourism, various negative factors of tourism development Reduces, as the creative living industry has received a lot of attention in these countries. In the category of creative tourism, creative tourism development strategies must be sensitive to the issue of local capacities. Because the mental image of the residents of that place is important for understanding the goals and behavioral attitudes and supporting the development of tourism. Despite the growth of tourism in the world and the slow and slow growth of tourism in Iran, tourism in Golestan province has not yet reached its true position due to the existing potential and actual capabilities. Although Golestan province is considered as the "tourist bottleneck" of the east of the country based on its geographical location and is a gateway to incoming tourists from the eastern provinces of the country, but so far has only played a "crossing" role and has not benefited from such a geographical location in the "geopolitics of domestic tourism", in this regard, the present article explains and analyzes the spatial distribution of creative tourism pragmatists in tourism areas of the townships of Golestan province.Data and Method The aim of this study was development research in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and based on survey and field method. The method of collecting the required data was based on library, documentary and field survey methods by referring to the relevant organizations. 27 sub-indexes (in the form of 232 variables) were used to evaluate the spatial distribution of creative tourism operators and practitioners of creative tourism, which has four dimensions of creative environment, creative process, creative product and creative class. In order to compare the studied cities in terms of spatial distribution status of creative tourism operators, first the weight and importance of all dimensions and sub-indices were obtained through a critical model. Then, 14 sample townships were compared with each other and ranked using EDAS multi-criteria decision making method based on the status of creative tourism operators. Results and Discussion Despite some attention and positive results of the conceptual and operational development of creative tourism in the country, so far, due to the rich local capacities in all areas of music, food, local games, dance, singing and local rituals, there is still a great distance to the realization of creative tourism aspirations in the country, Meanwhile Golestan province is no exception to this rule due to its abundant talents and capabilities. The objective and tangible result of these facts can be easily seen in the product of this study;The result of evaluating the four dimensions of creative environment, creative process, creative industries (product) and creative class in the spatial distribution of creative tourism creative operators in Golestan province, where there are many potential capacities for the development of creative tourism, whose analytical output shows in the townships of the province, in terms of environment, out of 14 townships in the province, 7 townships are in a completely unfavorable situation. However Maraveh Tappeh township with the highest percentage of rural population (85.8%) has been identified as a natural habitat for car trees and rare medicinal plants.It is obvious that the study and planning of the development and consolidation of this one case (medicinal plants), itself will have a dramatic effect on economic development in the first step and the development of creative tourism in the region.The results of this study show that Gomishan township with two golf courses and an international wetland as well as the only township with marine handicraft production are among these townships.Certainly, in the production of these industries, what is important is the creativity of the individual to prepare and produce the most beautiful products with these objects and her imagination.In the creative process dimension, Azadshahr, Ramyan and Aliabad have been more successful than other townships by holding workshops, art and cultural training classes, and various festivals, and have been in a completely favorable position in terms of this dimension. n the creative class dimension, the situation is far more favorable than other dimensions of creative tourism practitioners, so that Turkmen, Kordkoy, Kalaleh and Minoodasht have a better situation in terms of creative class than other dimensions of creativity. This situation is partly due to the optimal use of industries and creative products in these areas, while other cities have not been able to take full advantage of the potential in the region. As it is evident in the findings, Gorgan township is in a very favorable situation in other cases except for one case (creative process). It is obvious that such a situation is due to the concentration of attention on the first city and the center of the province so that geographical inequality in the urban and service system of the province, disproportionate distribution of population, infrastructure facilities and activities and the tendency to polarization are among the management factors involved in these regional imbalances. ConclusionIn summary, the results of this study show that creative tourism operators in the townships of Golestan province are not in a good position. In explaining this issue, according to the objective studies conducted from the results of studies, observations and interviews, the spatial distribution of the dimensions of creative tourism operators in the five townships of Maraveh Tappeh, Gomishan, Galikesh, Kordkoy and BandarGaz, has completely unfavorable conditions, while six townships of Minoodasht, Azadshahr, Aq Qala, Turkmen, Kalaleh and Ramyan have relatively unfavorable conditions in terms of having the dimensions of creative tourism operators. However, only Aliabad and Gonbad townships are in a state of moderate desirability, and ultimately Gorgan is the capital of the province, which is in a very favorable situation in terms of having the dimensions of creative tourism operators. The results of this study show that this province, despite the potential capacities for the development of creative tourism, is still far from the ideals of this important issue in line with the existing conditions of developed societies, which is the main concern of this paper, recognition, attention, recommendation, planning and development of this important issue as one of the most important channels of sustainable economy in the world.
Geotourism
Aboulghasem Taghizadfanid; Monir Moghanni Jansouz
Abstract
IntroductionThe development of urban tourism has been considered by tourism planners and city managers due to its various economic, social, cultural and environmental effects. Following the growth of urbanization, cities are becoming one of the main pillars of the world's commercial economy.Materials ...
Read More
IntroductionThe development of urban tourism has been considered by tourism planners and city managers due to its various economic, social, cultural and environmental effects. Following the growth of urbanization, cities are becoming one of the main pillars of the world's commercial economy.Materials and methodsIn this regard, the role of public participation in the development and improvement of urban tourism should be considered. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between people's participation in tourism development in Tabriz. The present research is an applied descriptive-survey method based on a questionnaire. The statistical population of the citizens of Tabriz is considered. The sample size was determined according to Cochran's formula of 384 people and was performed by available random sampling method.Result and discussionThe results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the two variables of economic participation and tourism development and with a correlation value of 0.632 and close to 1, it has a high correlation compared to other variables. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between the two variables of environmental participation and tourism development and with a correlation value of 0.288, it was found that these two variables have a low correlation with each other. On the other hand, there is a negative relationship between the two variables of socio-cultural participation and tourism development and with a correlation value of 0.102, it was found that these two variables have a low correlation with each other.ConclusionAs a result, economic participation has a more important role in the development of tourism in Tabriz compared to environmental participation and socio-cultural participation. Thus, providing a recognition of the priority levels of participation of the host community in tourism development is a research innovation compared to other studies.
Geotourism
asadollah hejazi; Mohammad Hossein Rezaei Moghaddam; zahra ghasemizadgonbad
Abstract
Introduction Ecotourism is one of the common types of tourism activities that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The ecotourism concept is based on the ideals of environmental protection and sustainable development and refers to a responsible journey to nature with an emphasis on ...
Read More
Introduction Ecotourism is one of the common types of tourism activities that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The ecotourism concept is based on the ideals of environmental protection and sustainable development and refers to a responsible journey to nature with an emphasis on ensuring the improvement of local community life and environmental protection (Seifi and Janbaz, 2017: 479). Ecotourism has a deep connection with sustainable development, which stems from the interactions between tourists and the environment. Proper planning and management in order to develop ecotourism are essential to preserve and maintain the environmental richness of the region as well as the economic improvement of local people (Bunruamkaew and Murayama, 2011: 269). Iran is one of the countries that have a lot of potential for ecotourism development, however, studies show that Iran's natural tourism assets are vast array of scattered, unstabilized resources, and in some cases are on the verge of extinction. The main object of the current paper is to assess the ecotourism potentials and capabilities of the Margavar rural district of Urmia County in northwest of Iran. For this purpose, Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy method have been used and ecotourism capabilities zoning map of the study area has been produced. Data and Method The current research is a Multicriteria-based study and the Analytic network process (ANP) method and Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used to analyse the data. Spatial criteria were clustered based on reviewing the background into five main groups including climate, human, topography, geology, and tourism and criteria have divided into these 5 groups. At first, the criteria map was prepared in the ArcGIS environment, then all the maps were reclassified with the Reclassify function. In the next step, the criteria maps are standardized with a Fuzzy linear function and the ANP model was run in Super Decisions software, and pairwise comparisons and related super matrices were calculated for the criteria and the relative weight of each criterion was obtained and the resulting weights were applied to maps. Finally, the weighted maps were combined each other using the 0.9 fuzzy gamma operator, and the Fuzzy ecotourism capability zoning map was produced in value 0 to 1. Results and Discussion After designing the network structure, matrices and related super-matrices were calculated and the relative weights of all criteria were determined. Results showed that temperature, geological structure, slope, rain, and tourism facilities have the most importance and weight in relation to the ecotourism ability of the study area, respectively. According to the ecotourism capabilities zoning map, the study area was divided into four class: completely suitable, relatively suitable, relatively unsuitable, and completely unsuitable. The resulting map analysis shows that areas located in the central and western parts of the region, which have a low slope percentage and also include rich pastures and natural tourist attractions, are in the completely suitable group. Furthermore, some parts of the study area have mountain slopes and difficult topographic conditions that are very difficult to access grouped in completely unsuitable lands for ecotourism activities. The final results of the study show that 14.50% of the study area is in the completely suitable class, 26.32% in the relatively suitable class, 27% in the relatively unsuitable class and 32.15% are in the completely unsuitable class Conclusion Research evaluations show that In general, Margavar rural district, both in terms of potential for the future development of ecotourism and in terms of Its current situation has a lot of potential in this regard in terms of receiving a large number of tourists That comprehensive planning and formulation of effective solutions in this field can be considered an effective way and an important step to achieve sustainable regional development. Application of multi-criteria analysis techniques such as ANP model and Fuzzy model in this research indicates the great flexibility of these methods, which makes it possible to determine different scenarios and combine different criteria with each other. On the other hand, the use of GIS has provided a good platform for feasibility studies, assessment, and identification of the natural environment. Therefore, it can be said that due to the high potential of the Margavar rural district, there is a need to review measures and pay more attention to tourism development plans and studies in this region.
Geotourism
kiuomars khodapanah
Abstract
IntroductionNowadays, the tourism industry is one of the most significant and diverse industries in the world that was developed rapidly and provided considerable income resources for many governments. Nowadays, the sustainability paradigm emerges as a significant and essential issue and has attracted ...
Read More
IntroductionNowadays, the tourism industry is one of the most significant and diverse industries in the world that was developed rapidly and provided considerable income resources for many governments. Nowadays, the sustainability paradigm emerges as a significant and essential issue and has attracted the attention of the global communities in recent two decades. One of the components considered for reaching a sustainable development is resilience, and nowadays, the experience of the occurred crises and their resulted imposed damages makes the human being realize the need for resilience and making resilient settlement areas. Therefore, the prevailing perspective has changed from mere reducing vulnerability to increasing resilience when facing disasters. On the other hand, the touristic villages are prone to the damages resulting from these developments besides having potential factors in line with the tourism and development due to having tourism potential, and in some cases, due to the low resilience and being tourist-friendly besides the risks caused by the lack of the resilience have affected the villagers’ lives. Thus, due to tourism development, resilience must be considered in tourism villages to reduce the risks caused by the occurrence of the possible damages. Therefore, investigating the resilience of these villages can play a significant role in the development of sustainable tourism in them. Tourism villages of the Ardebil area are one of the tourism villages of the province and have the capability for sustainable tourism development. Thus, investigating the resilience of these villages can play an essential role in the sustainable tourism development within them. According to the abovementioned and the effects of the tourism development on the resilience of the rural regions, the current study was conducted to evaluate and assess the resilience of the target villages for tourism in the Ardebil area and sought to answer the following question: what is the level of the resilience of the target villages for tourism in Ardebil area?Data and Method The current research was descriptive-analytical in terms of the nature of the research problem and subject. The statistical population of the current study included 11 target villages for tourism in the Ardebil area with a population of 4278. The data collection method to answer the research questions was the library study and the questionnaire. Four aspects, 10 indicators, and 33 items were used to assess resilience. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the distributed questionnaires, and the one-sample t-test was used to study the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable and villagers’ opinions on the indicators of resilience. MAIRCA decision-making technique was used to rank the villages. Results and Discussion The one-sample t-test was used to study the resilience status of the target villages four tourism in four aspects. The overall results of the one-sample t-test indicated an average of 2.13 for the resilience status of the villages under study. Given that the observed average of the resilience of the villages was less than 3, which is the medium level of the Likert scale, it can be said that the overall status of the resilience in the villages under study was evaluated as the low level of resilience. According to the obtained results from the one-sample t-test presented in Table 3, the following average values were obtained: 3.42 for the social aspect, 2.31 for the institutional aspect, 22.27 for the physical aspect, and 1.85 for the economic aspect. The significance level of all indicators was lower than the error level of 0.5. However, the t-value was lower than the critical value of 1.96 in the institutional aspect, and the upper limit and lower limit were negative. Furthermore, the average of the social aspect was more than 3, the desirable limit. Therefore, it can be said that the social aspect was at a more desirable status according to the villagers’ opinions. Nevertheless, other aspects are not at a desirable level, which is effective in reducing the resilience of the villages under study according to villagers’ opinions.ConclusionIn general, the findings of this research by investigating the resilience status of the target villages for tourism in the Ardebil area, according to the results of the one-sample t-test, indicate that the overall status of the resilience was not desirable. They also indicate the poor resilience and low tolerance of the tourism villages in dealing with the issues caused by the major presence of the tourists at peak conditions of traveling. The overall results of the one-sample t-test indicated an average of 2.13 for the resilience status of the villages under study. Ranking 11 villages under study based on MAIRDA decision-making technique shows that Alvaresi Village and Aladizgeh Village ranked first and second, respectively, based on the score (Q) and are considered total resilient than other villages of the region and have more resilience against the increase in the needs of the village due to the entrance of the tourists. Atashgah, Golestan, Villa Darreh, Ilanjough, Kalkhvoran-e Viyand, Ghareshiran, and Sardabeh villages have relatively low resilience. Kanzag and Kur Abbaslu villages ranked the last in the rural resilience based on the set of the indicators understudy in the current research and are considered in the class of “lack of resilience”.
Geotourism
M. Taghvaei; Sheida Janali poor; Marjan Shafiei
Abstract
IntroductionIn 2016, almost 55% of the world’s population were living in cities which is anticipated to amount to 66% by 2050. As the population grows, competition between cities as tourism destinations also grows (Boivin & Tanguay, 2019:67). Tourism is a major industry globally, with so many ...
Read More
IntroductionIn 2016, almost 55% of the world’s population were living in cities which is anticipated to amount to 66% by 2050. As the population grows, competition between cities as tourism destinations also grows (Boivin & Tanguay, 2019:67). Tourism is a major industry globally, with so many people spending their time in recreation and travel each year (Taghvaei & Jozi-Khamsalouei, 2016:163). This rapidly growing industry which is affecting economies considerably (Bazrafshan & Bameri, 2018:168), is becoming one of the main components of the world’s trade shortly (Taghvaei & Hosseini-Khah, 2017:9). Today, tourists seek to gain more interactive and satisfying experiences, as creative tourism can be an effective way to connect this (Mohammadi et al. 2016:5). Creative tourism is gaining momentum and seeks to provide modern tourism development strategies (Kiani Salmi & Safari, 2017:117). Creative tourism paves the way for societies to achieve development (Saniei et al. 2014:84). With an oil-dependent economy, Iran has not done non-oil economy and revenue generation through other channels; thus, it should seriously engage in tourism (Taghvaei et al. 2013:172) because it enjoys the potential to become a strong tourism hub.Meanwhile, creative tourism refers to a more developed form of tourism that has a rich historical and cultural background in Iran, especially in Isfahan (Shafie et al. 2014:251), which enjoys nationally and internationally-recognized attractions and draws many tourists from all over Iran and the world (Taghvaei & Izadi, 2012:32). Therefore, given the positive outcomes that tourism may bring about for cities and also the role of the city of Isfahan as a tourism city, the present research investigates the most important components affecting the creative tourism development in Isfahan and emphasizes tourism attractions. It also seeks to answer the following questions: What is the distribution of tourism attractions in Isfahan? AndWhat are the most important components affecting the development of creative tourism in Isfahan?Data and MethodThe present research falls under applied-developmental studies in terms of goals and uses a descriptive-analytical method from a methodological perspective. Data required were gathered from library and document sources and field surveys. A research questionnaire was developed using indicators extracted from books, scientific articles, views, and related theories in creative tourism, including four dimensions and 29 indicators. Also, factorial analysis, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (TOPSIS and SAW), Partially Ordered Set (POSET) methods, and entropy coefficient were used to analyze the data.According to Isfahan’s Handicraft and Tourism Organization, the statistical population was 850000 in 2018. The Cochran formula yielded a total sample size of 385 tourists and officials working in the tourism sector (Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization) selected via the snowball sampling method.Results and DiscussionFactor analysis model findings suggest that social-cultural (9 variables), artistic-cultural (6 variables), structural-institutional (7 variables), and finally economic (6 variables) factors were the most important factors affecting the materialization of creative tourism in the city of Isfahan, which could explain 49.73% of the total variance. AHP, TOPSIS and SAW methods were used to prioritize the indicators. Also, the POSET method was used to rank the indicators.Model findings of the cultural dimension suggest that the criterion of official attention to the cultural heritage, learning experiences and new skills and holding handicraft industries workshops are ranked first to third, respectively. Model finding of the structural dimension also suggests that creativity in design, standard location and quality of tourism infrastructure, and the effects of night transportation on the use of tourism attractions take first to third ranks, respectively. The prioritization of social dimension indicators reveals that the sub-criterion of security and peace of mind in tourism spaces, greater interaction between people and tourists and holding sports-cultural games take first to third priorities. As regards the economic dimension, components of handicrafts industries marketing, appropriate distribution of sale centers and diversity of tourism services consistent with all income groups are ranked first to third. In the meantime, the entropy coefficient for the distribution of attractions in the city of Isfahan was 0.5, which indicates a greater concentration and imbalanced distribution of the attractions in the municipal districts of the city. It is thus required to develop and balance new attractions fundamentally.ConclusionWith so many historical sites, the metropolis of Isfahan is considered one of the most popular tourist hubs in Iran, which necessitates tourism planning for this city. The distribution of tourism attractions in Isfahan indicates greater concentration and imbalanced distribution of the attractions in municipal areas of the city. Despite the large number of tourists flowing into this city, their presence is limited to some areas, with people of Isfahan themselves having to travel longer distances to see the attractions. Thus, one of the critical solutions is to employ successfully implemented models and ideas for creating new attractions in areas which lack attractions. Also, to materialize creative tourism in Isfahan, it is imperative to provide planning on major components and indicators and understand and prioritize these indicators so that creative tourism is developed and implemented.
Geotourism
Davood Omarzadeh; Samereh Pourmoradian; Khalil Valizadeh Kamran; Bakhtiar Feyzizadeh; Hoda Khalagehi
Abstract
We amid to identify and introduce nature-based tourism and its potentiality in West Azerbaijan province. The study area is famous for its environmental and natural landscapes which accordingly implies significant potentials for developing sustainable ecotourism which accordingly leads to improve the ...
Read More
We amid to identify and introduce nature-based tourism and its potentiality in West Azerbaijan province. The study area is famous for its environmental and natural landscapes which accordingly implies significant potentials for developing sustainable ecotourism which accordingly leads to improve the economic situation of this province as well. Within this research we applied GIS spatial decision support systems (SDSS) for data analysis and modelling the sustainable ecotourism in west Azerbaijan province. For this goal, 28 relevant criteria from different resources (e.g. physical properties, infrastructure, and facilities) were identified and processed using GIS-SDSS. GIS data aggregation method was applied to develop a final susceptibility map. Results indicated that about 57% of the study area represent a sustainability degree of moderate to significant for ecotourism development. The rest of 43 % basically locates in urban area, deserts resulted by Urmia lake drought which are not indicating a significance potential for ecotourism development. It has also to be highlighted in context of the 57 % there are also different level of sustainability in each area but results shows that ecotourism can be considered as one the main economic development in the study area. We conclude that, the obtained results are very important and critical for identifying nature-based tourism potential assessment. The results of this study provided valuable information for improving the situation as well organizing the sustainable ecotourism in the study area. Results are also great of important for decision makers and planners in light of developing a sustainable natural tourism.
Geotourism
Gholamreza kazemian shiran; mahmood ziaee; fatemeh yavarigohar; Yavar Babaei
Abstract
Introduction The concept of regional development with a holistic and comprehensive view and with an emphasis on a comprehensive and integrated process emphasizes the promotion of human and material capabilities to meet human needs, without reducing the capabilities of future generations. One of ...
Read More
Introduction The concept of regional development with a holistic and comprehensive view and with an emphasis on a comprehensive and integrated process emphasizes the promotion of human and material capabilities to meet human needs, without reducing the capabilities of future generations. One of the areas in which it is possible to take advantage of regional capacities and capabilities for balanced, integrated and generally sustainable development is the tourism industry. Policymakers and planners try to take advantage of opportunities by providing and valuing tourist attractions at the regional level (Rosentraub & Joo, 2009). One of the strategies in the framework of regional development is complementarity, which is defined in the sense of geographical concentration of businesses related to an industry and having special internal relationships (Cruz & Teixeira, 2010). Strengthening a complementarity regional view of tourism can improve regional competitiveness and the synergistic and efficient use of resources. However, research in the literature generally considers different ways of affecting a phenomenon separately. However, the interdependence between different approaches to success in different contexts is largely ignored (Al-Sheyadi et al, 2019; Claver et al, 2007). Therefore, according to the issues raised, this study tries to identify the dimensions and components of complementarity tourism development and examine its role in regional development. Data and Method The present research is a mixed research and in terms of purpose, the present research is an applied research and in terms of nature and method in the qualitative part is exploratory and in the quantitative part is descriptive-survey. The research process is such that first by using meta-combination and interviewing experts, the dimensions and components of complementarity tourism development and regional development achievements were identified and then in a quantitative part using structural equations to validate the model and examine the relationship. Among the concepts with emphasis on Ardabil province is discussed. The tools used to collect data are interviews, archival documents and questionnaires. The statistical population of this research includes internal and external articles related to the subject of research (in the meta-combination section) and academic experts, managers of government organizations and tourism businesses in Ardabil province (in the interview section and quantitative section). The sample size includes 59 internal and external studies, 18 experts are available for targeted interviews and 110 experts are available for quantitative section using sampling method. Finally, for data analysis in the qualitative part, meta-combination with qualitative content analysis technique, content analysis (interview part) and in a small part of structural equations with SMART-PLS software for data analysis have been used. Results and Discussion The results indicate the existence of two pervasive themes. The first comprehensive theme is complementarity tourism development, which has 6 themes of tourism policy complementarity (including themes of sub-organizer of adaptation, interaction network and structural integration), cooperative complementarity of tourism (with sub-organizers of relations promotion, partnership cooperation and stakeholder conflict management). ), Tourism technical complementarity (with the themes of resource flexibility, process monitoring and product effectiveness), dynamic tourism complementarity (with the themes of knowledge network, innovation, development of complementarity capabilities, education and learning and technological complementarity), complement Cultural orientation of tourism (with the themes of promoting social resources and social capital) and complementarity of tourism sites. The second comprehensive theme is regional development achievements, which has 6 basic themes including balance in regional development, regional competitiveness, diversification of economic activities, regional branding, quality improvement and life satisfaction and regional sustainability. Based on the findings of structural equations, complementarity tourism development with a path coefficient of 0.406 and a t-value of 4.893 has a positive and significant effect on regional development achievements in Ardabil province. Conclusion The development of new opportunities in the tourism industry is an integrated process of physical space and human society, the new forms of which are the result of changes in values and attitudes of human life, advanced technology, information growth and political forces. Tourism research on the region as a Important driving force is focused on connecting different parts of the industry and the possibility of creating destination networks. The concept of complementarity development is in line with the regional view of development, which tries to use all the elements and factors that exist at the regional level and can affect the development of the region, and contribute to the integrated and balanced development of the region. Complementarity tourism development seeks to use the region's tourism potential to reduce inequality and promote the economic and non-economic benefits of tourism at the regional level. Complementarity approach in development and tourism is one of the new approaches of regionalism that very limited studies have been done in this field. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the dimensions and components of complementarity tourism development and regional development achievements. Through a combination of previous studies in the field of complementarity and regional development and analysis of experts' views, it was found that the dimensions of tourism complementarity development include policy complementarity, collaborative complementarity, technical complementarity, cultural complementarity, dynamic complementarity and tourism sites complementarity. On the other hand, the results of meta-composition and content analysis showed that the achievements of development in a region by reducing inequality and creating balance, diversifying economic activities, competitiveness of regions, improving the living conditions of the region and ... Is specified. Development can be done effectively in the region and create tangible effects for the region and its inhabitants that bring long-term and sustainable achievements in the region. After identifying the dimensions and components of complementarity tourism development and regional development achievements, in the next stage, the resulting model in Ardabil province was examined. According to the findings, complementarity tourism development in Ardabil province has a positive and significant effect on regional development achievements. In such a way that the development of tourism complementarity can create sustainable effects in the region and the residents of the region can benefit from these effects. Complementarity tourism development causes the region as an integrated complex with cohesive and interconnected components in which tourism components, in addition to their activities, also interact with other tourism sectors and create synergistic effects.
Geotourism
Ali Modabber Khaknezhad; Karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir; Bakhtyar ezatpanah
Abstract
Introduction
Nowadays, tourism is one of the most dynamic industries in the world, which has a great impact on the economic growth and dynamism of countries and has become one of the most complex human businesses in many countries. This industry is considered as a multifaceted activity of a ...
Read More
Introduction
Nowadays, tourism is one of the most dynamic industries in the world, which has a great impact on the economic growth and dynamism of countries and has become one of the most complex human businesses in many countries. This industry is considered as a multifaceted activity of a mechanism to increase employment, earn income and attract foreign exchange; according to the latest statistics, one out of every 10 important jobs in the world has been related to the tourism industry. Therefore, different countries are looking for solutions to develop tourism; in particular, countries with weak economies in transition are more focused on developing the industry as a way to grow and develop as well as currency. On the other hand, given that the amount of value added and income from the development of tourism, has a major role in GDP and citizens to have a sustainable livelihood; therefore, nowadays, attention to the formation of tourism in its various forms has been considered by different countries. Considering the importance of tourism development in the present era and the place of historical-cultural contexts in achieving this, the purpose of this study is to identify the management drivers affecting the development of historical and cultural tourism in Tabriz metropolis. The historical context of Tabriz, despite its potential, currently does not have the desired environmental and spatial quality. Therefore, paying attention to this context in order to recreate it and also the development of tourism is one of the priorities of city officials.
Data and Method
The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation method and cross-sectional in terms of time. For this purpose, first the required indicators have been extracted in the form of documents and referring to tourism-related researches, and in order to measure the effective management impulses on tourism development, managers, officials and experts of Tabriz Historical-Cultural Region (Region 8) have been questioned. Therefore, the statistical population of the study is the managers, officials and experts of the municipality of Tabriz historical-cultural region (about 300 people) and the sample size is estimated based on the Delphi method of 100 people, which the method of accessing the sample size is based on a targeted model. Also in order to analyze the data, has been used of structural equation modeling method in Amos software.
Results and Discussion
Findings indicate that the most important management drivers affecting the development of tourism in the historical-cultural context are extra-organizational capacities, intra-organizational capacities and project criteria and definitions, for which the coefficient of the structural model has been 0.71, 0.63 and 0.56, respectively. Also, among the sub-variables, the most influential are related to the variables of forming institutional interaction with other public and private organizations in order to develop historical-cultural tourism, the ability to strengthen local mechanisms to develop historical-cultural tourism and targeted understanding of historical context and flexibility in historical texture programs for tourism development with coefficients of 0.77, 0.72 and 0.65, respectively.
Conclusion
Over the past few decades, tourism has undergone a variety of continuous changes and has become one of the largest economic sectors. One of the most important factors in the development of sustainable tourism in any region is how to manage related activities. Thus, the discussion of management is an important part of planning and as the basis of work, which is the act of directing and controlling a task or organization. Management also includes a systematic approach in which the dynamics of tourism in the context of supply and demand is considered with emphasis on economic sustainability and utility and the social consequences of tourism. On the other hand, due to the extensive changes in today's cities and the lack of coherent planning, especially in the historical-cultural contexts, it has been marginalized by these valuable contexts that play a pivotal role in tourism development. Considering the importance of tourism discussion and the important role of historical-cultural contexts in this field, the purpose of this study is to identify impacts of the management drivers on development of historical-cultural tourism in Tabriz metropolis. The results indicate that in the first place, the most effective drivers of external capacities (external capacity building), in the second place, institutional capacity drivers (internal institutional capacities), and finally, the third most effective drivers are criteria and definition of projects through factors such as emphasis on public development. And pedestrian-centered, purposeful knowledge of historical context issues with a future research approach, careful monitoring of compliance with bylaws and sections and emphasis on multidimensional goals (social, economic, physical) will promote the historical context and consequently the development of tourism.
Geotourism
Hamid Nazari sarmazeh; Skandar Seidaiy
Abstract
Introduction
The tourism industry, as one of the strategies for rural development, has many capabilities for innovation and entrepreneurship; on the other hand, the development of entrepreneurship in low-income communities is an acceptable strategy to fight against poverty. This enterprise is due to ...
Read More
Introduction
The tourism industry, as one of the strategies for rural development, has many capabilities for innovation and entrepreneurship; on the other hand, the development of entrepreneurship in low-income communities is an acceptable strategy to fight against poverty. This enterprise is due to various factors and the whole process cannot be considered without respecting the factors affecting it. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors affecting tourism entrepreneurship and how they interact with each other to develop a roadmap and tourism policy.
Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province is recognized as one of the main natural tourism centers of Iran. Understanding the factors affecting entrepreneurship in the tourism industry is important for two reasons in this province and the county of Koohrang: First, the province is now one of the main destinations for rural tourism and tourism, and the lack of a decent policy about tourism entrepreneurship has led to the huge potential of tourism to be used in the development of employment in a small way. On the other hand, one of the most important strategies in the development perspective of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province has been developed based on the tourism industry. Knowing the factors that affect entrepreneurship and considering all its aspects, can provide a desirable platform for the development of the tourism industry and the formulation of micro and macro policies. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer these questions: What are the fundamental factors in the development of tourism entrepreneurship? And which forms of combining these factors can have a greater impact on the development of tourism entrepreneurship?
Methodology
This study was of an applied type, nature and method were descriptive-survey. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing 5 components and it's content and face validity were approved by experts and its reliability was determined: the socio-cultural index: 0.75, economic: 0.84, environmental: 0.68, infrastructure: 0.71, and for tourism entrepreneurship: 0.77 by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The fs/QCA fuzzy set comparative analysis was used for the analysis. The population of the study is Koohrang county residents over 20 years. By using Sample power SPSS software, 254 cases were selected according to the purpose of the study and case study were selected by stratified random sampling.
Results
According to the results of the study, 88% were men and 12% were women. Their average age was 38 years; in terms of education, the highest number of people had diplomas with 33.2 and about 24.3% of the studied sample had a university education. Employment status: The highest number of jobs were in agriculture and herdsman with 35.2% and about 28.1% were unemployed. Condition and result in the analysis were conducted by using qualitative comparative analysis of fuzzy set and the analysis steps were applied as follows: After calibrating and standardizing the data, the analysis was continued by using the truth table algorithm, classification of conditions and finally X, Y To terminate the schematic, the effect of the sum of the conditions on the desired result in fs / QCA software was terminated.
Conclusion
The results showed that different causal paths and different educational indicators influenced the development of rural tourism entrepreneurship, but the type and extent of their effects are different. Among the proposed conditions, the infrastructural conditions have the most support and accompaniment with the development of tourism entrepreneurship. The findings of the study on the development of the county development landscape, especially the issue of entrepreneurship and tourism entrepreneurship are important. Understanding the various influencing factors will help to make the right planning and policy for the development of tourism entrepreneurship. On the other hand, considering that tourism is a community and people-oriented trade, policy-making, in order to prepare the necessary socio-cultural, economic, infrastructural and environmental contexts, can provide a clear perspective for tourism entrepreneurship in Koohrang County.
Geotourism
farnoush khorasani zadeh; hamid saberi; mehdi momeni; mienajaf mousavi
Abstract
Intoduction Vitality is the desire of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. So far, little attention has been paid to the vitality of urban environments in studies, research ...
Read More
Intoduction Vitality is the desire of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. So far, little attention has been paid to the vitality of urban environments in studies, research and design projects of new cities in Iran. Cities are considered to be the most important political, technological, artistic, cultural and social fruits of human beings, and urban spaces of cities are the most important parts that shape the city. In the meantime, it is important to pay attention to the psychological and physical well-being of human beings. The development of today's cities has generally sacrificed this point for its physical growth and development. Today, one of the most important concerns in designing public spaces in the city is the vibrancy of these places, which continues the presence of citizens. Variety of uses can be mentioned as one of the most important factors in attracting people to this place, but at the same time, this factor alone cannot cause vitality and dynamism of the space. Other factors influencing the vitality of an urban space include cultural, social, and environmental factors. Methology The present research is descriptive in terms of practical purpose and analytical in terms of nature and descriptive method. Analysis has been used using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (T-test and analysis of variance) and differences and correlations between indicators using structural equation model.The statistical population of this study includes all citizens living in 4 regions of Isfahan, which according to the 2016 census, was 452453 people. The Cochran's formula was estimated to be 95% reliable with a sample size of 584 people. The statistical sample of the study is half of the residents and half of the tourists in the period of January 1996 to June 1997 present in the public spaces of 4 areas of the 15 districts located in the central part of the city and most tourists use these places as territory. Results and discussion Given that with improved security, and physical identity and attractiveness, vitality also improves. To measure the difference between the two independent groups of citizens and tourists on the average of a (quantitative) livability variable, the T test was used with independent samples. The results showed that the statistical value of t to compare the rate of vitality in public spaces in central Isfahan from the citizens' point of view. Tourists are equal to -0.630, and the probability of their significant study is 0.0529, which is higher than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, zero statistical assumption that the rate of vitality in public spaces is equal. Central Isfahan is approved from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists. Conclusion Vitality is the tendency of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. Vitality is one of the most important constructive qualities of urban spaces to improve the quality of urban spaces and create space.The descriptive and inferential results of the research have been analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software and the results of the hypothesis test showed that based on the results of the structural equation model, the effect of security on vitality is 0.221 and this coefficient has a significant effect . (Coefficient t is greater than 1.96) so the first hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with improved security, vitality also improves. The effect of identity on vitality is 0.854, and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t more than 1.96), so the second hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with the improvement of identity, vitality also improves. The effect of physical attractiveness on vitality is 0.170 and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t is more than 1.96) so the third hypothesis is confirmed. This means that as physical attractiveness improves, so does vitality. The level of vitality in public spaces in the central areas of Isfahan is confirmed from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists.
Geotourism
javad yousefi
Volume 23, Issue 70 , March 2020, , Pages 329-346
Abstract
Tourism attractions are one of the most important elements of tourism planning and development in each region, so that the advancement of tourism and its dependent industries depends on attraction. Therefore, the study and evaluation of tourism attractions is essential for effective management of tourism ...
Read More
Tourism attractions are one of the most important elements of tourism planning and development in each region, so that the advancement of tourism and its dependent industries depends on attraction. Therefore, the study and evaluation of tourism attractions is essential for effective management of tourism industry in each region. Due to the importance of the subject, some of the most important historical attractions in the city of Birjand were evaluated by the importance - performance matrix. The survey is an applied research in terms of its purpose and it is a descriptive-analytical type in terms of its nature and method. The data gathering tool was a five-dimensional questionnaire. Population of the research is Tourists that visiting Birjand, among which 106 tourists were studied. Based on the results of tourists' points of view, among the 13 historical resource studied in Birjand, the attractions of “Hosseinye Nawab”, “Araste House, Masoumiyeh Mansion” and “Rahim Abad Mansion” respectively ranked From 1 to 3, and for the sake of performance, the three attractions of the " Araste House", "Shaukatabad Mansion", and "Hosseinye Navab" have created the most satisfaction of the tourists. The results of the importance -performance analysis showed that attraction such as "Rahim Abad Mansion", "Old Post", "Shoktiyeh School" and "Masoumiyeh Mansion" due to its high importance and poor performance should be given priority in the planning of tourism development And trusted government agencies must prioritize strategic and operational priorities in budgeting and allocating resources for these attractions. But about the attractions such as “Akbarieh Mansion”, the “Sharif's House”, the “Charderakht Mosque”, the “Kolah Farangi Citadel”, the “Baharestan Citadel” and the “Castle of Birjand”, whose importance is low, the best strategy recommended for decision makers is informing and advertising tourism attractions to introduce them for tourists and other peoples.
Geotourism
malihe golzadeh; mostafa mirabadi
Volume 23, Issue 67 , April 2019, , Pages 287-307
Abstract
Tourism and sport are considered one of the largest industries in the modern world, one of the most amazing services in the world, called Sports Tourism, and has many people around the world (Ayami Rad, 2010: 52). Sport tourism is considered one of the fastest sectors of tourism and has created a very ...
Read More
Tourism and sport are considered one of the largest industries in the modern world, one of the most amazing services in the world, called Sports Tourism, and has many people around the world (Ayami Rad, 2010: 52). Sport tourism is considered one of the fastest sectors of tourism and has created a very strong competition among countries due to high incomes. Different countries are considering attracting this kind of tourism considering the type of tourism in the region and providing better facilities. . In this regard, the city of Tabriz is regarded as one of the most important provinces of the country due to its strategic location, such as having common areas with Azerbaijan, Armenia, Nakhchivan and Turkey. Climate diversity and topography with different perspectives (mountains, plains and deserts) have made this province one of the most important poles with a high potential for tourism and sport tourism in 2018, as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in the 9th Conference of Ministers of Tourism of Islamic Countries Selected Tabriz as the Capital of Tourism of the Islamic Countries in 2018. Obtaining this title for the city of Tabriz and the country of Iran provides an opportunity due to the existence of various historical and historical monuments and tourism, as well as various indigenous and local sports and a long history of these sports by introducing these potential fields. Provides development of tourism and sport tourism by expanding national and international interactions. Sports that do not require much facilities and at the lowest cost can be provided by various people (children, youth, adults and even elderly) due to the many attractions that it has in the form of festivals, competitions and sports events, The tourists will attract a lot of sports from different cities, even by creating necessary platforms from different parts of the world to these festivals and competitions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study and analyze the current and future status of local indigenous games in the prosperity of tourism, especially sport tourism. Tabriz city.
Geotourism
hassan esmaeilzadeh; Mostafa Haraeeni Haraeeni; mehrdad bahrami
Volume 22, Issue 66 , January 2019, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
Tourism is a service industry which is mainly affected by the quality of services. Moreover, it can be stated that quality of services and tourists satisfaction are important factors in tourism planning, getting to which may help develop tourism. In this study it is intended to evaluate satisfaction ...
Read More
Tourism is a service industry which is mainly affected by the quality of services. Moreover, it can be stated that quality of services and tourists satisfaction are important factors in tourism planning, getting to which may help develop tourism. In this study it is intended to evaluate satisfaction level of tourism from the quality of catering services in Darakeh restaurants in Tehran based on SERVQUAL model. Research method is based on a descriptive-analytic method in this study. In this study library documents and filed studies (including observation, interviewing, and questionnaire) were data gathering tools. Data reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach alfa to be 0.826 and data validity was assessed using content validity method (according to dear professors). Descriptive and inferential statistical tests (Wilcoxon and Pearson tests) were used for data analysis. Study statistical society included tourists who have used services of Darakeh restaurants and sample size was calculated using Cochran formula with random sampling. Results of study based on five qualities of service dimensions of SERVQUAL method, showed that highest and lowest gaps are observed in empathy dimensions with 0.77 quality difference and tangibles with 0.08 quality difference, respectively. Additionally, the relation between level of education and different dimensions of quality of services were assessed by means of Spearman Correlation Coefficient and a negative significant relationship was observed between income level and overall quality of service at 99 percent level.