نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• میر ستار صدرموسوی ¹
• حسین کریم زاده ²
• محسن آقایاری هیر ³
• عقیل خالقی ⁴

¹ استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری دانشگاه تبریز

² استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه تبریز

³ استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه تبریز

⁴ دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

توسعه و عمران روستایی دارای جایگاه متفاوت در برنامه‌های توسعه ( قبل و پس از انقلاب اسلامی) بوده و لذا جوامع روستایی، اغلب از آسیب‌های برنامه‌ریزی توسعه متأثر بوده که شهرستان ورزقان نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نبوده و بر همین اساس، تحقیق حاضر به تحلیل ترکیبی موانع اثربخشی برنامه‌های توسعه روستایی و آسیب‌شناسی آن پرداخته است. جامعه آماری شامل کارشناسان محلی است که در بخش کمی از پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته (برای 132 نفر پاسخگو) و در بخش کیفی از مشاهده و مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته (51 نفر مصاحبه‌شونده در دو مرحله) استفاده شده است. نتایج کمی نشان می‌دهد «ضعف ساختار اطلاعاتی، نظام آماری و اطلاعاتی نامناسب» در پیش‌نیازهای برنامه توسعه؛ «مشارکت نگرفتن ذینفعان در برنامه‌های توسعه» در تدوین برنامه‌های توسعه؛ «کلی و تفسیر بردار بودن برخی مواد و تفصیلی بودن افراطی برخی» در محتوای برنامه توسعه؛ و «ابهامات در نحوه ارائه گزارش‌ها» در اجرای برنامه توسعه از مهم‌ترین موانع اثربخشی برنامه‌های توسعه در محدوده موردمطالعه می‌باشند؛ همچنین نتایج کیفی نشان می‌دهد: کاهش و افزایش قیمت‌ها، عدم هماهنگی بین دستگاه‌ها، متفاوت بودن تصمیمات دولت‌ها، چشم‌پوشی از ظرفیت‌های منطقه، ضعف سیستم اداری، چشم‌پوشی از دانش، اطلاعات و تجربه و به‌خصوص خواست‌های ذینفعان، توجه نکردن به توسعه پایدار روستایی، عدم توجه به کشاورزی خرده‌مالکان، استفاده از امکانات منطقه به سود مناطق مرکزی، تخریب منابع و معادن منطقه به نفع بالادست و عدم توجه به آینده منطقه و توجه بیشتر به شهر، توجه ناکافی به روستاها و مناطق محروم و دورافتاده، نقش متفاوت نمایندگان مجلس در همراهی با دولت و استفاده از نیروهای غیربومی در کارهای عمرانی از شرایط علی هستند که راهبردهای: به مشارکت گرفتن روستاییان در تعیین سرنوشت خویش، تعریف تفکری صحیح درباره روستا، تعریف استراتژی مشخص در زمینه توسعه روستایی، تعریف مدیریت واحد روستایی و اتخاذ روند پایین به بالا را طلب می‌کند. مقایسه نتایج هر دو روش کمی و کیفی نشان‌دهنده نتایج مشترک کمی و کیفی از دید کارشناسان محلی و افراد مطلع محلی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• توسعه
• برنامه‌ریزی توسعه روستایی
• روش آمیخته
• ورزقان

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Barriers to the Effectiveness of Rural Development Plans by Mixed Method Case Study: Varzaqan County

نویسندگان [English]

• mir Sattar Sadrmousavi ¹
• Hossein Karimzadeh ²
• Mohsen Aghayari Hir ³
• aghil khaleghi ⁴

¹ Professor at the Faculty of Geography, University of Tabriz

² Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning Tabriz University

³ Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning Tabriz University

⁴ PhD student University of Tabriz

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Evaluation is one of the important stages of development planning and structural critique and evaluation of the country's rural development programs are one of the well-known scientific methods to show the idea, method, and management of sustainable rural development planning in the process of programs. Rural development has a different place in economic, social, and cultural development programs, and therefore rural communities are often affected by the same five-year plans, and Varzeqan county is no exception, and therefore, the rural community of the study area, often It is affected by planning damage. It seems that the lack of a local intellectual basis due to lack of proper management and the non-participation of stakeholders in the first stage of planning continues all stages of planning to the detriment of the rural community and causes serious problems in the rural community. Accordingly, because of the issues and issues raised, the present study aims to analyze the barriers to intervention in the effectiveness of rural development planning in Varzeqan city to the pathology of rural development programs.
Methodology
The present research is philosophically based on the pragmatism approach, in terms of purpose it is related to applied research and in terms of nature and method, it is of descriptive-analytical type (mixed method). Library and field studies have been used to collect data and information.
The realm of research space is Varzeqan county. In the quantitative method, the data were collected from local experts by a researcher-made questionnaire and 150 questionnaires were distributed, which were coded by deducting the returned and distorted questionnaires and 132 questionnaires for analysis and analysis in the SPSS software. Responsible local experts include knowledgeable individuals with relevant disciplines and specializations in the development, rural, planning, and sociology of rural development.
Using LISREL graphic software to perform structural equations to structurally evaluate the barriers to the effectiveness of rural development programs. In the qualitative method, grounded theory has been used to achieve the desired result.
Results and discussion
In the results of the structural equation model, the fitness table shows the fitness of the drawn model and shows that the results of this study can be generalized to other statistical communities; Covariance analysis of independent variables shows that all independent variables concerning each other with the standard error of 0.5 have significance and interaction. The lisrel output interpretation shows that all the variables extracted from theoretical foundations with different impact coefficients are effective factors in development programs. All the various latent variables are effective in generating damage to development programs in the development, compilation, content, and implementation of development programs, which are ranked higher than the other variables:
- "Weak information structure, statistical and inappropriate information system", "rapid change of discourse and dominant slogans in society" and "severe dependence of the economy on oil revenues" in the requirements of the development plan;
- "Non-participation of stakeholders in development programs", "inflexibility and instability" and "Lack of attention to real and executive constraints" in the development of development programs;
- "The generality and interpretation of some materials and the extreme detail of some", "the lack of a clear pattern and causal relationship between the components of the program" and "the imbalance between cost and achievement of goals" in the content of the development program; And
- "Ambiguities in the way reports are presented", "weak government administrative capabilities to implement extensive programs" and "low motivation of executives to enforce the law" in the implementation of the development program.
At the same time, using a quantitative method, the theory of At the same time, using a quantitative method, the theory of fundamental theory has been used to investigate and create a deeper understanding of the subject of research. Using basic theory, information was collected, concepts and categories, and the main category were created. Due to the repetition of the category "program damage" in the information, this category was selected as the main phenomenon and a paradigm model was created.
Grounded Theory has been used to investigate and create a deeper understanding of the subject of research. Using basic theory, information was collected, concepts and categories, and the main category were created. Due to the repetition of the category "program damage" in the information, this category was selected as the main phenomenon and a paradigm model was created.
Conclusion
The quantitative results show "weak information structure, statistical system and inappropriate information" in the requirements of the development plan; "Non-participation of stakeholders in development programs" in the development of development programs; "The generality and interpretation of the vector of some materials and the extreme detail of some" in the content of the development program; And "ambiguities in how reports are presented" in the implementation of the development plan are among the most important obstacles to the effectiveness of development programs in the study area; Qualitative results also show: decrease and increase in prices, lack of coordination between agencies, different decisions of governments, ignoring the capacities of the region, weak administrative system, ignoring knowledge, information and experience and especially the interests of stakeholders, not paying attention to sustainable rural development, lack of Attention to small-scale agriculture, use of regional facilities for the benefit of central regions, destruction of resources and mines in the region in favor of upstream and lack of attention to the future of the region and more attention to the city, insufficient attention to deprived villages and remote areas, different role of MPs Together with the government and the use of non-indigenous forces in civil works are some of the causal conditions: Strategies for villagers to participate in determining their own destiny, defining the right thinking about the village, defining a specific strategy for rural development, defining rural unit management and adopting a downward trend. Demands. Comparing the results of both quantitative and qualitative methods shows the common quantitative and qualitative results from local experts and local informed people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Development
• Rural Development Planning
• Mixed Method
• Varzaqan