نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• کرامت الله زیاری ¹
• نوشا همقدم ²

¹ استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیای دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

² دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیای دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

شهرها از یک سو به عنوان کانون‌های توسعة اجتماعی، اقتصادی و فضایی به شمار می‌روند و از سوی دیگر مناسب‌ترین مکان‌ها برای بروز مسائل و مشکلات می‌باشند. لذا، مظاهر اصلی توسعه و دست آوردهای اعم از منفی و مثبت آن، عمدتا در شهرها اتفاق می‌افتد و یکی از وظایف جوامع امروزی، خلق شهرها و محلات پایدار در زمینه‌های اقتصادی، محیطی و به ویژه فضایی-کالبدی است. نوآوری پژوهش حاضر استفاده از همه شاخص‌های توسعه به صورت توامان جهت شناسایی و تدقیق وضع موجود است که در هیچ مطالعه‌ای برای شهر گرگان صورت نگرفته است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر سنجش و تحلیل سطح پایداری کالبدی، اقتصادی، زیستی، اجتماعی و امنیتی محلات شهری می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی بوده و روش بررسی آن توصیفی تحلیلی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه‌ی افراد ساکن در منطقه سه شهر گرگان است. در تحقیق حاضر برای محاسبه حجم نمونه از فرمول کوکران استفاده شد و حجم نمونه مورد مطالعه، 384 نفر برآورد گردید. برای تعیین حجم نمونه محلات از روش انتساب متناسب استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد محله‌ی گرگان جدید نسبت به سایر محله‌ها در بهترین وضعیت پایداری قرار دارد، بعد ‌از آن محله کوی خیام قرار دارد و محله‌های آموزشگاه جنگل، محله میخچه‌گران، محله سرپیر و دباغان،کوی‌کیانشهر، کوی‌جوادیه، کوی‌حافظ، محله بویه در رتبه‌های بعدی از نظر پایداری محلی قرارگرفته‌اند. علاوه بر این نابرابری زیادی در سطح پایداری محله‌ای در شهر گرگان مشاهده می‌شود. نتایج این پژوهش برای شهرداری گرگان و شورای شهر و اداره راه و شهرسازی جهت مدخله جهت بازآفرینی و ارائه خدمات مناسب‌تر به شهروندان می‌تواند مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• پایداری
• برنامه‌ریزی شهری
• محلات شهری
• شهر گرگان

موضوعات

• برنامه ریزی شهری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the level of sustainability in the theory of development and planning of neighborhoods (Case study: Neighborhoods of zone 3 of Gorgan city)

نویسندگان [English]

• keramatollah ziari ¹
• noosha hamghadam ²

¹ Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² PhD student, Department of geography and urban planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
The cities are considered as the centers of social, economic and space development, and the most appropriate places for the occurrence of problems. therefore, the main manifestations of development are negative and positive, mainly in cities and one of the tasks of modern societies is the creation of cities and sustainable localities in economic, environment, and special space - physical. The innovation of the present study is the use of all development indicators simultaneously to identify and verify the current situation, which has not been done in any study for the city of Gorgan. the aim of this study is to measure and analyze the level of physical, economic, biological, social and security of urban localities. the present study is applicable in terms of purpose, and its method is descriptive analytical. The statistical population of the study includes all people living in zone 3 of Gorgan city. In the present study, Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample size and the sample size was estimated to be 384 people. to determine the sample size, the appropriate attribution method was used. the research results show that the new Gorgan neighborhood is located in the best stable condition, after which the neighborhood of Khayyam is located and the neighborhoods of Jangal School, Mikcheh Garan neighborhood, Sarpir and Dabaghan neighborhoods, Kianshahr alley, Javadieh alley, Hafez alley, Buyeh neighborhood are in the next ranks in terms of local sustainability. In addition, there is a lot of inequality in the level of stability of a neighborhood in Gorgan. The results of this research can be used for Gorgan Municipality and the City Council and the Road and Urban Development Administration to intervene to recreate and provide more appropriate services to citizens.
Gorgan, like many large cities in the country, faces many problems, including development instability, and this issue reaches its highest level in some neighborhoods. Although neighborhoods are the core of urban life, they have no place in the formal spatial planning system. This has led to an intensification of development instability in them. In the face of the problematic growth of cities, different planning approaches are looking for realistic solutions for urban development, one of the most important approaches is the approach of sustainable development in neighborhoods and urban contexts. While to achieve the stability of society, more attention should be paid to the lower levels. This inconsistent understanding of urban sustainability leads to the lack of an integrated solution and coordinated measures to address such a complex issue, thus necessitating a comprehensive understanding of urban sustainability.
Methodology
This research is considered as a descriptive-analytical method and in terms of how to collect the required information and data, it is considered as a field and survey research. The present study was applied in terms of purpose. This research has been done in two parts: documentary and field studies. The technique of studying documents, which is based on taking notes from books and written works, has been used to be aware of the opinions of experts in the field of concepts and theoretical issues related to the field of research. The statistical population of the study includes the residents of the neighborhoods of District 3 of Gorgan (114348) which has an area of ​​1,523 hectares. Among them, 384 individuals were selected by convenience sampling
 
Results and Discussion
The stability of neighborhoods in the region of three cities of Gorgan is unbalanced. Out of nine neighborhoods, three neighborhoods (Sarpir and Dabaghan neighborhoods, Khayyam alley and Jangal school) studied with the development sustainability index with 95% probability had a significant level higher than (0.05) and their performance in creating sustainability was not accepted. In general, according to the average results, it can be said that the region of three cities of Gorgan is low in terms of the level of neighborhood stability, and therefore the attention of managers and city officials, especially Gorgan Municipality in this regard is necessary to take measures to Increase the sustainability of the neighborhood. In fact, the more development develops in an area, the more sustainable the level of human settlements or neighborhoods.
Conclusion
According to the results, the averages of physical, environmental, economic, social and security dimensions are less than average (3), so the components and sustainability dimensions of Gorgan neighborhoods are in a lower than average condition. The results showed that there is a significant difference in stability between residential areas of Gorgan in residential contexts. So that the average stability of the new Gorgan neighborhood is in the best condition compared to other neighborhoods. Khayyam alley neighborhood. The neighborhoods of Jangal School, Mikcheh Garan, Sar Pir and Dabaghan neighborhoods, Kianshahr alley, Javadieh alley, Buyeh neighborhood are in the next ranks in terms of sustainability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Sustainability
• Urban Planning
• Urban Neighborhoods
• Gorgan city